scholarly journals Évaluation de lignées de sorgho (Sorghum bicolor) pour leur résistance à la mauvaise herbe parasite Striga hermonthica au Burkina Faso

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Oliver ◽  
K.V. Ramaiah ◽  
G.D. Leroux
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Sources De Résistance

Des essais en pots et au champ ont été réalisés au Burkina Faso en 1987 pour évaluer la résistance de lignées de sorgho (Sorghum bicolor) vis-à-vis la mauvaise herbe parasite Striga hermonthica. Dans l'expérience en pots, les lignées de cycle court ICSV-1079 BF et ICSV-1078 BF ont présenté un nombre et une biomasse de S. hermonthica inférieurs à ceux du témoin sensible. Cette réaction n'a pas été confirmée dans l'expérience au champ. Aucune lignée ne s'est avérée résistante. Parmi les lignées de cycle moyen, aucune lignée ne s'est démarquée du témoin sensible dans l'expérience en pots. Dans l'expérience au champ, la lignée ICSV-1089 BF a présenté une faible sensibilité au S. hermonthica. Cependant, cette lignée a obtenu de faibles rendements. Aucune des lignées testées ne semble pouvoir être recommandée pour la lutte envers le S. hermonthica dans le sorgho au Sahel. Le cultivar Framida ne saurait être utilisé comme source de résistance au S. hermonthica. Il est urgent d'identifier de nouvelles sources de résistance afin de répondre aux besoins des programmes d'amélioration du sorgho.

scholarly journals Constraints to Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) Production and Farmers’ Approaches to Striga hermonthica Management in Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8460
Author(s):  
Armel Rouamba ◽  
Hussein Shimelis ◽  
Inoussa Drabo ◽  
Mark Laing ◽  
Prakash Gangashetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Central Plateau ◽  
South Central

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a staple food crop in Burkina Faso that is widely grown in the Sahelian and Sudano-Sahelian zones, characterised by poor soil conditions and erratic rainfall, and high temperatures. The objective of this study was to document farmers’ perceptions of the prevailing constraints affecting pearl millet production and related approaches to manage the parasitic weeds S. hermonthica. The study was conducted in the Sahel, Sudano-Sahelian zones in the North, North Central, West Central, Central Plateau, and South Central of Burkina Faso. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and focus group discussions involving 492 participant farmers. Recurrent drought, S. hermonthica infestation, shortage of labour, lack of fertilisers, lack of cash, and the use of low-yielding varieties were the main challenges hindering pearl millet production in the study areas. The majority of the respondents (40%) ranked S. hermonthica infestation as the primary constraint affecting pearl millet production. Respondent farmers reported yield losses of up to 80% due to S. hermonthica infestation. 61.4% of the respondents in the study areas had achieved a mean pearl millet yields of <1 t/ha. Poor access and the high cost of introduced seed, and a lack of farmers preferred traits in the existing introduced pearl millet varieties were the main reasons for their low adoption, as reported by 32% of respondents. S. hermonthica management options in pearl millet production fields included moisture conservation using terraces, manual hoeing, hand weeding, use of microplots locally referred to as ‘zaï’, crop rotation and mulching. These management techniques were ineffective because they do not suppress the below ground S. hermonthica seed, and they are difficult to implement. Integrated management practices employing breeding for S. hermonthica resistant varieties with the aforementioned control measures could offer a sustainable solution for S. hermonthica management and improved pearl millet productivity in Burkina Faso.

scholarly journals Use of hand-weeding and herbicides to control Striga hermonthica in Burkina Faso

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Traoré ◽  
D. E. Hess ◽  
G. Hoffmann ◽  
A. Son ◽  
G. Sallé
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Hand Weeding

scholarly journals Pathogenic variation of Phoma sorghina on sorghum bicolor in Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Schémaéza Bonzi ◽  
◽  
Irénée Somda ◽  
Paco Sereme ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Pathogenic Variation

Germination, Host Preference, and Phenolic Content of Witchweed (Striga hermonthica) Seed Populations

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiz F. Bebawi ◽  
Adil E. Awad ◽  
Sami A. Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Pennisetum Americanum ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Phenolic content, germination percentage, and host preference were compared among 11 seed populations of witchweed (Striga hermonthica(Del.) Benth. # STRHE). Significant differences in germination percentage occurred among the seed populations after preconditioning by their exposure to different durations of warm-moist conditions. Greatest percentage of seed germinated after 8 days of preconditioning. Preconditioning for more than 16 days reduced percentage germination. The host specificity range of witchweed seed populations that parasitized pearl millet [Pennisetum americanum(L.) K. Schum] was broader than were those seed populations that attacked sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench.]. Results of thin-layer chromatography indicated large variations in phenolic content among the witchweed seed populations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document