scholarly journals L’industrie de l’amiante

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-284
Author(s):  
Roma Dauphin
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Asbestos Fiber ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Fiber Production ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Government

This study is comprised of two parts. The first is essentially descriptive and seeks to define with greater precision the nature of the Western world's asbestos fiber needs, account being made currently-known technology and the existence of substitutes. Asbestos ore reserves are then examined with a view to evaluating the constraints conditioning current asbestos fiber production. With the exception of that carried out in the U.S.S.R., this production is highly concentrated in Quebec whose surplus output is exported to every continent at prices that have experienced a staggering increase since 1973 even though international trade in asbestos fibers is conducted via multinational firms. The second part of the study contains a cost-benefit analysis of Quebec's new policy as well as a brief consideration of the political forces that have induced the Government of Quebec to adopt it.

Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 185-204
Author(s):  
Blake Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Administrative State ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Administrative Legitimacy

This conclusion explains how the Progressive theory offers a critical perspective on our present political moment and the political ideologies that underlie it. Using examples from the Obama and Trump administrations on topics such as fair housing, climate change and immigration, I show how cost-benefit analysis and presidentialist theories of administration undermine deliberative democratic values. Cost-benefit analysis tends to restrict the administrative state to the task of simulating a perfectly competitive marketplace. Progressivism insists that the state should more broadly further public freedom, providing the goods, services, and institutions that allow democratic self-government to function. Presidential administration equates democracy with plebsicitary legitimacy, and aligns with Carl Schmitt’s illiberal, authoritarian political theory. While Progressivism acknowledges that the president has an important role to play in supervising administration, it aims to anchor administrative legitimacy in broader, plural, and discursive interactions between the government and its citizens.

scholarly journals Prioritized list of health services in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 367-371
Author(s):  
B. Larijani ◽  
O. Ameli ◽  
K. Alizadeh ◽  
S. R. Mirsharifi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
The Government

We aimed to provide a prioritized list of preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and their appropriate classification based on a cost-benefit analysis. Functional benchmarking was used to select a rationing model. Teams of qualified specialists working in community hospitals scored procedures from CPTTM according to their cost and benefit elements. The prioritized list of services model of Oregon, United States of America was selected as the functional benchmark. In contrast to its benchmark, our country’s prioritized list of services is primarily designed to help the government in policy-making with the rationing of health care resources, especially for hospitals

The Principles and Objectives of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

1968 ◽  
Vol 72 (685) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
National Newspaper ◽  
Is Value

The terms “cost-effectiveness” and to a lesser degree “cost-benefit” analysis have become familiar words in the technical and national press, the former usually in relation to defence projects—the latter in relation to social projects, such as transport, power generation and building. Indeed, at the time of the last General Election the political correspondent of a national newspaper wrote, “Mr. Heath and Mr. Callaghan, Chancellor of the Exchequer, vied with each other in stressing the importance of cost-effectiveness, which used to be known as getting value for money”. The apparently simple concept of “value for money” raises three important issues: (i) how is “value” of defence and social projects quantified? (ii) what is the “money” involved, i.e. what are all the relevant costs? and (iii) what are the information and decision processes that are used in attempting to obtain “value for money“?

Techniques and Values in Policy Decisions

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 298-312
Author(s):  
Peter Self
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Value Judgements ◽  
C Value

Increasing use is made of techniques which are supposed to make policy decisions more ‘rational’. Rather little attention, however, has been paid to the relation between these techniques and (a) the logic of choice, (b) the political process, (c) value judgements and assumptions. This short paper will investigate these questions in relation to a particularly fashionable technique, that of cost-benefit analysis.

scholarly journals What cost decisiveness? A cost benefit analysis of the lockdown to contain COVID-19 in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mousumi Dutta ◽  
Zakir Husain
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Considerable Controversy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
Ball Point

AbstractOn 24th March, 2020 the Government of India announced a national level lockdown to contain the spread of COVID. The lockdown policy has generated considerable controversy, with critics arguing that it was done without adequate notice or planning, exposed vulnerable section of the population to a humanitarian crisis, and failed to contain the spread of COVID. In response, the Government has claimed that lockdown slowed the transmission process of COVID, thereby reducing the number of cases and deaths substantially. The consequent pressure on the health infrastructure was also much less. To judge between competing claims, this study has undertaken the first cost-benefit analysis of the world’s biggest lockdown. Although the data for a proper cost-benefit analysis is currently not available, we have made a ball point estimate of the net benefit of the lockdown under alternative scenarios. Our estimates reveal the net benefits of lockdown to be negative; moreover, the results are robust under all scenarios.

scholarly journals Cost-Benefit Analysis for a Quinquennial Census: The 2016 Population Census of South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Spencer ◽  
Julian May ◽  
Steven Kenyon ◽  
Zachary Seeskin
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Important Benefit ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The question of whether to carry out a quinquennial Census is faced by national statistical offices in increasingly many countries, including Canada, Nigeria, Ireland, Australia, and South Africa. We describe uses and limitations of cost-benefit analysis in this decision problem in the case of the 2016 Census of South Africa. The government of South Africa needed to decide whether to conduct a 2016 Census or to rely on increasingly inaccurate postcensal estimates accounting for births, deaths, and migration since the previous (2011) Census. The cost-benefit analysis compared predicted costs of the 2016 Census to the benefits of improved allocation of intergovernmental revenue, which was considered by the government to be a critical use of the 2016 Census, although not the only important benefit. Without the 2016 Census, allocations would be based on population estimates. Accuracy of the postcensal estimates was estimated from the performance of past estimates, and the hypothetical expected reduction in errors in allocation due to the 2016 Census was estimated. A loss function was introduced to quantify the improvement in allocation. With this evidence, the government was able to decide not to conduct the 2016 Census, but instead to improve data and capacity for producing post-censal estimates.

Die Ökonomie der Flüchtlingskrise

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Leef Dierks
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Political ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Hartz Iv

Im vergangenen Jahr kamen weit mehr als 1,1 Mio. Flüchtlinge nach Deutschland. Unstrittig ist, dass diese historisch beispielslose Zuwanderung immense volkswirtschaftliche Kosten von bis zu 55 Mrd. € im Jahre 2022 verursachen wird. Doch in dem Maße, in dem mittelfristig eine Integration der Migranten in den Arbeitsmarkt gelingt, kann mit dieser Entwicklung auch ein erheblicher volkswirtschaftlicher Nutzen einhergehen. Ungeachtet der politischen Dimension der anhaltenden Zuwanderung vermittelt dieser Beitrag eine Einschätzung der Auswirkungen auf die öffentlichen Haushalte. Als problematisch erweist sich dabei insbesondere die eingeschränkte Belastbarkeit bisher vorliegender Daten. Zudem sei darauf verwiesen, dass die sogenannte Flüchtlingskrise sich per se jeglicher Wirtschaftlichkeitsrechnung entzieht. Es handelt sich zunächst um eine humanitäre Herausforderung. Diese ist nur sehr eingeschränkt für eine Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse geeignet. In 2015, more than 1.1m refugees sought shelter in Germany. It is undisputed that this historically unprecedented immigration will incur immense costs; potentially as much €55bn in 2022. To the extent to which migrants can be successfully integrated into the labour market in the medium term, however, economic benefits could materialise. Notwithstanding the political dimension of the ongoing immigration, this contribution assesses the overall impact on public finances. The lack of reliable data proves to be challenging. Further, the refugee crisis first and foremost is a humanitarian challenge. This inevitably raises the question whether the issue is well suited for an economic cost-benefit-analysis. Keywords: zuwanderung, staatshaushalt, migration, hartz iv, fiskalische kosten

A POLITICAL ECONOMY ANALYSIS OF THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN HAZE

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (05) ◽  
pp. 1085-1100
Author(s):  
PARKASH CHANDER
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
Political Economy Analysis

This paper studies the political economy of the Southeast Asian haze and discusses the obstacles that, unless overcome, can prevent a permanent and effective solution to the transboundary pollution problem, which originates in Indonesia. Following a cost-benefit analysis of the problem, the paper takes note of the weaknesses in Indonesia’s governance structure, which make it difficult to enforce national policies aimed at curbing the haze problem. The paper also puts forward a number of suggestions for strengthening the current policy regime for tackling the problem.

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