A Temperate Province? Evidence from Lower Canadian General Store Account Books, 1830-1857

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-87
Author(s):  
Béatrice Craig
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Canada ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
General Store ◽  
Moral Suasion ◽  
Temperance Movements

Alcoholic consumption was unproblematic and supposedly widespread in the Canadas in the early years of the nineteenth century, until temperance movements sought to eradicate it through moral suasion, shaming and regulations in the second quarter of the century. In Lower Canada, the 1849-1850 temperance crusade spearheaded by father Chiniquy, with the support of religious and lay authorities would have led to a rapid collapse in the importation, production and sale of alcohol and the closing of numerous taverns. Evidence from country general store account books suggest that Lower Canadians were already moderate drinkers at the beginning of the century and that their consumption was already declining before Chiniquy launched his crusade, and his success would have been due to minds already half made. On the other hand, the availability of other stimulant beverages, such as coffee or tea does not seem to have played a role.

scholarly journals Spór między saintsimonistami a furierystami o własność ziemi w kolonialnej Algierii w XIX wieku

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 113-130
Author(s):  
Kamil Popowicz
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
Ownership Of Land

In the nineteenth century, the French utopian socialists, Saint-Simonians and Fourierists, developed different concepts of the colonisation of Africa. These concepts collided in Algeria. The Saint-Simonians were impressed by the Arab system of the tribal ownership of land. They wanted to preserve it and ultimately bring the two peoples, the Arabs and the French, together in the spirit of a commune. On the other hand, the Fourierists wanted to expropriate Arabs from their land and hand it over to the French colonists so that they could build new economic communities of a phalanstery type. This article presents the theoretical disputes between the two schools and also describes the actual practical consequences of these disputes for the French colonial politics.

Marx, Central Planning, and Utopian Socialism

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Scott Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Central Planning ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Socialist Society ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
Utopian Socialism

Marx believed that what most clearly distinguished him and Engels from the nineteenth-century French socialists was that their version (or vision) of socialism was “scientific” while the latters' was Utopian. What he intended by this contrast is roughly the following: French socialists such as Proudhon and Fourier constructed elaborate visions of a future socialist society without an adequate understanding of existing capitalist society. For Marx, on the other hand, socialism was not an idea or an ideal to be realized, but a natural outgrowth of the existing capitalist order. Marx's historical materialism is a systematic attempt to discover the laws governing the inner dynamics of capitalism and class societies generally. Although this theory issues in a prediction of the ultimate triumph of socialism, it is a commonplace that Marx had little to say about the details of post-capitalist society. Nevertheless, some of its features can be discerned from his critical analysis of capitalism and what its replacement entails.

Conclusion: Democracy and Terror

Sans-Culottes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sonenscher
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Popular Politics ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
High Politics

This chapter discusses how the very particular setting in which the emergence of the sans-culottes in their now familiar guise occurred goes some way towards explaining why the mixture of descriptive and causal claims built into the old master concepts of class or sovereignty of French Revolutionary historiography have never been able to provide much of an explanation of either its content or course, at least without the more complicated assumptions supplied by an assortment of nineteenth-century philosophies of history. Reconstructing that setting, on the other hand, does go some way towards explaining what led to the fusion between high politics and popular politics that occurred in France in the winter of 1791–2.

Translating into Irish from Greek and Latin in the Early Years of the Irish State

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Síle Ní Mhurchú
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Other ◽  
Language Politics ◽  
Other Hand

This chapter charts the Irish translations of Greek and Latin texts and textbooks under the auspices of the Irish publishing house An Gúm in the early years of the Irish state. The language politics of nativists vs. progressives played into the place of translation in the scheme. The chapter includes detailed discussion of the work of Pádraig de Brún and George Thomson, progressives who favoured translations of classical texts into Irish. Daniel Corkery, on the other hand, a fervent nativist and critic of the work of de Brún, engaged in a bitter public debate on the issue which impacted negatively on the progressive endeavour to bring classical texts to an Irish-speaking audience. The chapter also gives briefer consideration to the work of other Irish translators: Margaret Heavey, Cormac Ó Cadhlaigh, Maoghnas Ó Domhnaill, Domhnall Ó Mathghamhna, Patrick Dinneen, and Peadar Ua Laoghaire.

The Aesthetic Mediation

2018 ◽  
pp. 143-200
Author(s):  
Richard Viladesau
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Romantic Period ◽  
Popular Piety ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Naturalistic Realism

In the visual arts of the Romantic period the crucifixion of Christ often became a representation of the sufferings of humanity. Caspar David Friedrich’s paintings placed the cross in the context of the immensity of nature. Toward the end of the nineteenth century there was an increasing tendency to portray Jesus’ suffering in the genre of naturalistic realism. Some painters consciously attempted to incorporate the findings of modern biblical scholarship, rather than follow traditional models. Early film representations, on the other hand, tended to rely on classical types and popular piety.

"Constantly in Motion

Transfers ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-96
Author(s):  
Frederike Felcht
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Material World ◽  
Geographical Mobility ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

In the nineteenth century, a significant change in the modern infrastructures of travel and communications took place. Hans Christian Andersen's (1805-1875) literary career reflected these developments. Social and geographical mobility influenced Andersen's aesthetic strategies and autobiographical concepts of identity. This article traces Andersen's movements toward success and investigates how concepts of identity are related to changes in the material world. The movements of the author and his texts set in motion processes of appropriation: on the one hand, Andersen's texts are evidence of the appropriation of ideas and the way they change by transgressing social spheres. On the other hand, his autobiographies and travelogues reflect how Andersen developed foreign markets by traveling and selling the story of a mobile life. Capturing foreign markets brought about translation and different appropriations of his texts, which the last part of this essay investigates.

The Young Egypt Party

1953 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Landau
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Party ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Army Officers ◽  
Origins Research ◽  
Secret Organization

The scarceness of published material renders difficult a true estimate of the development of political ideas in Egypt in the nineteenth century. Nor is it any less difficult to trace the origins of the first political parties.The Arabi Rebellion of 1881-1882 was preceded by a long period of unrest, which finally crystallized in a self-styled National Party. This faction, led by army officers and civilians, kept its secret character for a few years, coming into the open only at the beginning of the Arabi Rebellion. Its importance in the anti-foreign struggle, however, has drawn attention to its humble but interesting origins. Research has provided us with fairly adequate, if still incomplete, material on this point. But hardly anything has been published, on the other hand, about another secret organization of that time, called ‘Young Egypt’.

scholarly journals Virtual Reconstruction of Historical Men’s Suit

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Kuzmichev ◽  
Aleksei Moskvin ◽  
Mariya Moskvina
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
3D Design ◽  
Virtual Technology ◽  
Clothing Design ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Special Means ◽  
Virtual Reconstruction ◽  
2D And 3D

Abstract Nowadays, the virtual technology is being widely applied in the area of clothing design and try-on. However, the possibilities of these technologies cover only the contemporary marketable clothes, while the insight in the aspect of historical costume is very limited. In this research, we developed the method that allows to reconstruct and do the virtual try-on of historical men’s suit consisting from four different garments—trousers, shirts, vest, and coat. The method includes, on one hand, the analysis of pattern drafting systems, patterns construction, special means of bespoke tailoring that were popular in the history and, on the other hand, the way of its adapting and preparing to contemporary technologies of 2D and 3D design. The exploration was done with men’s suit and the patterns from the nineteenth century. We studied how the tailors took all measurements, the content of size charts including divisional, direct measurements, and its combination. To parameterize the historical patterns of men’s clothes, we created the schedule of special indexes. We developed the method how to identify the means of garment shaping by steam pressing, which are hiding in the patterns, and how to perform ones by darts. The preparation of historical patterns to virtual try-on was done by CAD. As example, the reconstruction of full-dress suite painted on the Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha’ portrait (1840) was done, and high adequacy between the historical prototype and the virtual suit has been proved.

Nordic urban history and urban historians in the last decade

Urban History ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Jan Eivind Myhre
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban History ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Conference Report ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Hans Magnus Enzensberger

To people from the Continent, like the German essayist Hans Magnus Enzensberger, Norwegians seem to be something of an urban puzzle. While crowding in towns and cities — about three-quarters of the population now live in urban settlements — the minds and lifestyles of Norwegians, their concept of the good life, are stubbornly rural. More or less the same applies to the Finns. The Danes, on the other hand, are conceived as quite the opposite, a fundamentally urban nation. The Swedes fall somewhere in between.Differences in urban attitudes, as well as other diversities between the Nordic countries, are cherished among the inhabitants themselves, although most people are well aware that the culturally unifying elements are strong, too. The variations are real, however, and different urban experiences may partly account for them. Take the case of nineteenth-century urbanization, with examples extracted from the 1977 Trondheim Nordic history conference report on urbanization.

Uigurica from dunhuang

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
Marcel Erdal
Keyword(s):  
Steady Flow ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand

Since the early years of this century, there has been a steady flow of publications containing editions of Uigur texts found in the Turfan region and brought to Germany. Not so the Uigur MSS of Dunhuang, which are kept in London and Paris. A good start was made by Le Coq, Thomsen and Pelliot in 1911–1914. Twenty years later, Bang, Gabain and Rachmati published the ‘Sūtra of Eight Heaps’. Another forty years were to elapse before the appearance of further material. Moriyasu mentions hundreds of MSS found in the cave which was given the number 181. There have, on the other hand, been multiple editions: The ‘ Story of the Two Princes’ was edited three times; recently, an Uigur text in Tibetan script was published—twice.

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