scholarly journals Modern Living “hewn out of the unknown wilderness”: Aluminum, City Planning, and Alcan’s British Columbian Industrial Town of Kitimat in the 1950s

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Brad Cross
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Planning Techniques ◽  
New Town ◽  
Industrial Town ◽  
Town Design ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Industrial Resource

As a new town on the Northern British Columbian frontier, Kitimat represented mid-twentieth-century ideas of industrial resource development and town planning. Alcan executives saw Kitimat’s town design as crucial to the recruitment and retention of a workforce for its megaproject of the 1950s and 1960s, which became the crown jewel of its global enterprise. The combination of high-tech aluminum production and town planning techniques promised employees a family-oriented lifestyle in a state-of-the-art town. Kitimat spearheaded this push for a new kind of frontier experience.

Breeding Better Babies in the Eugenic Garden City: ‘Municipal Darwinism’ and the (Anti)Cosmopolitan Utopia in the early Twentieth Century

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Currell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Garden City ◽  
New Town ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
National Body ◽  
Practical Level ◽  
The Way

Showing how ‘modernist cosmopolitanism’ coexisted with an anti-cosmopolitan municipal control this essay looks at the way utopian ideals about breeding better humans entered into new town and city planning in the early twentieth century. An experiment in eugenic garden city planning which took place in Strasbourg, France, in the 1920s provided a model for modern planning that was keenly observed by the international eugenics movement as well as city planners. The comparative approach taken in this essay shows that while core beliefs about degeneration and the importance of eugenics to improve the national ‘body’ were often transnational and cosmopolitan, attempts to implement eugenic beliefs on a practical level were shaped by national and regional circumstances that were on many levels anti-cosmopolitan. As a way of assuaging the tensions between the local and the global, as well as the traditional with the modern, this unique and now forgotten experiment in eugenic city planning aimed to show that both preservation and progress could succeed at the same time.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Spatiotemporal Uncertainty in Urbanization Predictions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Jairo Alejandro Gómez ◽  
ChengHe Guan ◽  
Pratyush Tripathy ◽  
Juan Carlos Duque ◽  
Santiago Passos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
New Town ◽  
Spatiotemporal Uncertainty

With the availability of computational resources, geographical information systems, and remote sensing data, urban growth modeling has become a viable tool for predicting urbanization of cities and towns, regions, and nations around the world. This information allows policy makers, urban planners, environmental and civil organizations to make investments, design infrastructure, extend public utility networks, plan housing solutions, and mitigate adverse environmental impacts. Despite its importance, urban growth models often discard the spatiotemporal uncertainties in their prediction estimates. In this paper, we analyzed the uncertainty in the urban land predictions by comparing the outcomes of two different growth models, one based on a widely applied cellular automata model known as the SLEUTH CA and the other one based on a previously published machine learning framework. We selected these two models because they are complementary, the first is based on human knowledge and pre-defined and understandable policies while the second is more data-driven and might be less influenced by any a priori knowledge or bias. To test our methodology, we chose the cities of Jiaxing and Lishui in China because they are representative of new town planning policies and have different characteristics in terms of land extension, geographical conditions, growth rates, and economic drivers. We focused on the spatiotemporal uncertainty, understood as the inherent doubt in the predictions of where and when will a piece of land become urban, using the concepts of certainty area in space and certainty area in time. The proposed analyses in this paper aim to contribute to better urban planning exercises, and they can be extended to other cities worldwide.

Structure Model and Developing Rules of Space Form Evolution of Xi'an High-Tech Industries Development Zone

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1953-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Cui ◽  
Yuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Space Form ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Development Zone ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
New Town

The paper analyzed development process of Xian high-tech industries development Zone. Summarizes the structure model of space form evolution of Xian high-tech zone as six stages: Growing point gatheringDispersion; Growth axis formingCircle domain; Point axis stretchExtension; Leaping growthNew points; Introverted fillingInflation; Circle differentiationFusion. At last, combined with the process of cell division theory, the paper puts forward developing rules of spatial form evolution of Xian high-tech zone as the process of cell fission of four stages: Space structural change of the geographic distribution in initial development periodIndustry zone of single function; Space structural change of the geographic distribution in accelerated development periodComprehensive industrial zone of specialization accumulated; Space structural change of the geographic distribution in high speed development periodGroup service center of complex new town; Space structural change of the geographic distribution in the futureSub-center of city.

Trials in Corridor City Planning

Suburb ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royce Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Land Use Policy ◽  
Montgomery County ◽  
New Town ◽  
General Plan

This chapter examines the problems that arose during the planning and development of three corridor cities in Montgomery County: Rockville, Gaithersburg, and Germantown. The idea of corridor cities melded the interests of Montgomery's miniature and commercial republics—a rare consensus in land use policy. According to the General Plan, Rockville, Gaithersburg, and Germantown would each be developed as a complete, compact “new town.” The chapter considers the opposition of the municipalities of Rockville and Gaithersburg to the idea of becoming corridor cities and how the problem of many governments obstructed development in accord with the General Plan (although Rockville eventually evolved in a way close to the vision). Germantown presented a different problem, that of many builders without a coordinating master developer. Rockville, Gaithersburg, and Germantown offer lessons on the effectiveness and limitations of using infrastructure extension and regulations to manage the pace and character of development.

Supply Chain Management in the Context of Economic Area

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rauno Rusko
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

This study introduces geographical viewpoints for supply chain management (SCM) focusing on the branch of information communication technology (ICT) in the case of city and region of Oulu. The City of Oulu is a remarkable planning and administration centre of ICT branch in Finland. In this study we—instead of using commonly used cluster or resource dependence theories—utilize SCM framework to describe the development and path-dependence of knowledge-intensive geographical area, which is specialized in high tech or actually ICT business. In the context of geographical analysis, or of geographical economics, SCM is less-used viewpoint. This case study shows that SCM, and especially strategic level SC endowment viewpoint (introduced initially in Rusko, Kylänen & Saari, 2009), is valuable and useful tool in analysing the geo-economic development and pathdependence of a high tech centre. As a result, we notice that the development of Oulu is based on the development of SC endowment connected with amounts of talents and also multi-dimensional coopetition. One essential result is the observed erosion in the SC endowment of high tech Oulu, which sets remarkable challenges for city planning.

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