scholarly journals The Everyday Usage of City-Centre Streets: Urban Behaviour in Provincial Britain ca. 1930–1970

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Faire ◽  
Denise McHugh
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
City Planning ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Street Space ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Urban Function ◽  
Urban Behaviour ◽  
The City

This article examines the user experience in the city-centre street space, focusing on three main themes: space usage; the behaviour of users and interventions to direct behaviour by urban authorities; and the sensory and emotional experiences of being on the street. The emphasis is on people’s interaction with the city centre and their perceptions of it. These interactions generated multi-dimensional perspectives linked to individual socio-demographic characteristics producing place-specific experiences. The article uses film, photography and testimony to provide insights into street usage and, while acknowledging that the retail function of the city centre was fundamental, argues that this space generated wider experiences beyond the acquisition of goods and services in commercial transactions. The article concludes that the user experience, behaviour and relationship with the city-centre street are as important to understanding urban function as capital investment and city planning.

scholarly journals Sharing Lisboa: A Digital Social Market to Promote Sustainable and Energy Efficient Behaviours

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Catarina C. Rolim ◽  
Patrícia Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
New City ◽  
Social Market ◽  
The City ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Change Mitigation

Several solutions and city planning policies have emerged to promote climate change and sustainable cities. The Sharing Cities program has the ambition of contributing to climate change mitigation by improving urban mobility, energy efficiency in buildings and reducing carbon emissions by successfully engaging citizens and fostering local-level innovation. A Digital Social Market (DSM), named Sharing Lisboa, was developed in Lisbon, Portugal, supported by an application (APP), enabling the exchange of goods and services bringing citizens together to support a common cause: three schools competing during one academic year (2018/2019) to win a final prize with the engagement of school community and surrounding community. Sharing Lisboa aimed to promote behaviour change and the adoption of energy-saving behaviours such as cycling and walking with the support of local businesses. Participants earned points that reverted to the cause (school) they supported. A total of 1260 users was registered in the APP, collecting more than 850,000 points through approximately 17,000 transactions. This paper explores how the DSM has the potential to become a new city service promoting its sustainable development. Furthermore, it is crucial for this concept to reach economic viability through a business model that is both profitable and useful for the city, businesses and citizens, since investment will be required for infrastructure and management of such a market.

Marketplaces and central spaces: markets and the rise of competing spatial ideals in Danish city centres, c. 1850–1900

Urban History ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENS TOFTGAARD
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Fish Market ◽  
Open Air Markets ◽  
The City ◽  
City Centres

ABSTRACTThe traditional open-air markets on the central squares of Danish cities were thriving in the middle of the nineteenth century. However, the markets were soon challenged by new urban ideals of the city centre as a place for shopping and capital investment. At the same time, urban reformers made efforts to improve the market trade to meet modern standards. The rivalling interests struggled over the question of modernization or relocation of the central square markets and ultimately the definition and use of the central urban space. In particular, this article will examine the struggle over the construction of a fish market hall in Odense as it serves to reveal the different conceptions of the central urban space that affected the fate of the street markets.

scholarly journals Engaging the Senses: The Potential of Emotional Data as a New Information Layer in Urban Planning

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afif Fathullah ◽  
Katharine S. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Information Layer ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Although our emotional connection with the physical urban setting is often valued, it is rarely recognised or used as a resource to understand future actions in city planning. Yet, despite the importance of emotion, citizens’ emotions are typically seen as difficult to quantify and individualistic, even though knowledge about people’s response to space could help planners understand people’s behaviours and learn about how citizens use and live in the city. The study explores the relationship between the physical space and emotions through identifying the links between stress levels, and specific features of the urban environment. This study aims to show the potential of integrating the use of galvanic skin response (GSR) within urban spatial analysis and city planning, in order to address the relationship between emotions and urban spaces. This method involved participants using a (GSR) device linked to location data to measure participant’s emotional responses along a walking route in a city centre environment. Findings show correlations between characteristics of environment and stress levels, as well as how specific features of the city spaces such as road crossing create stress ‘hotspots’. We suggest that the data obtained could contribute to citizens creating their own information layer - an emotional layer- that could inform urban planning decision-making. The implications of this application of this method as an approach to public participation in urban planning are also discussed.

scholarly journals Dinámica demográfica y generación de viajes al trabajo en el AMCM: 1994-2000 / Demographic Dynamics and Creation of Journeys to Work at AMCM: 1994-2000

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Graizbord ◽  
Marlon Santillán
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Demographic Dynamics ◽  
Urban Markets ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Relative Differences ◽  
The City ◽  
Vast Range

Entre la vasta gama de problemas urbanos que afectan a la Ciudad de México es de vital importancia el transporte pues implica la movilidad de la población. Los diversos modos de transporte, públicos y privados, permiten acceder a los mercados urbanos, principalmente al de trabajo y al de vivienda, pero también a los mercados de bienes y servicios. Sin embargo, no se ha llevado a cabo un análisis a fondo de tales fenómenos conforme lo exigen los problemas, y a nuestro entender esto obedece a dos razones fundamentales: 1) la incipiente generación y escasa disponibilidad de datos que permitan analizar la estructura del transporte, y 2) la carencia de los elementos conceptuales necesarios para vincular el transporte con la dinámica de crecimiento de la metrópoli y con el proceso de planificación de la ciudad.En este trabajo pretendemos avanzar en el análisis de la dinámica del transporte urbano de pasajeros en el Área Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México (AMCM). Lo haremos resaltando las diferencias absolutas y relativas en la generación de viajes rumbo al trabajo en dos momentos en el tiempo: 1994 y 2000. Esto nos brinda la posibilidad de acercarnos a una mayor comprensión de la dinámica de dos fenómenos, la ciudad y el transporte, y de apreciar así algunas relaciones entre ambos.AbstractAmong the vast range of urban problems affecting Mexico City, transport is vitally important, since its involves the population’s mobility. The various modes of public and private transport provide access to urban markets, particularly those involving labor and housing, but also those involving goods and services. However, an in-depth analysis has yet to be undertaken of these phenomena, for two main reasons: 1) the incipient generation and scant availability of data that would enable one to analyze the transport structure and 2) the lack of conceptual features required to link transport to the dynamics of the growth of the metropolis and the city planning process.The authors seek to advance the analysis of the dynamics of urban passenger transport in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA). They do so by emphasizing the absolute and relative differences in the generation of journeys to work at two points in time: 1994 and 2000. This provides a greater understanding of the dynamics of two phenomena, the city and transport, and of some of the links between the two.

Differentiation of residential development in Poland’s provincial capitals

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Marta Borowska-Stefańska ◽  
Szymon Wiśniewski ◽  
Klaudia Modrzejewska
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Centre Of Gravity ◽  
Urban Function ◽  
The Given ◽  
The City

Abstract This article classifies housing development according to horizontal and vertical intensity in the administrative capitals of each of the Polish provinces. Moreover, the distribution of individual types of residential development is assessed on the example of Warsaw. The function of the place of residence is an elementary urban function which translates itself into a large share of residential development in its structure. It assumes different forms which depend on many factors, such as the location in the given region of the world, conditions of the natural environment, housing tradition or location in the city. It should be borne in mind that cities tend to be heterogeneous urban organisms in which different periods of their development overlap which is reflected in the variations in the appearance of development in its individual parts. The character of buildings changes together with distance from the city centre: the farther from it, the less urban the development tends to be, gradually turning into a rural one both within the city boundaries and outside them. The distribution of residential buildings was analysed with the use of measures of centrography, i.e. centre of gravity, standard deviation and the standard deviation ellipse. Data on residential buildings in the cities analysed was obtained from Polish official geodetic and cartographic databases (państwowy zasób geodezyjny i kartograficzny [PZGiK]) – in particular, Database of Topographic Objects. In turn, layers with land parcels come from the Land-Parcel Identification System [LPIS]. Further analyses use information regarding the vertical and horizontal intensity according to the classification proposed by S. Liszewski (1978).

Restricting Traffic into the City Centre: Has Madrid Central Been Effective to Reduce NO 2 Levels?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Salas ◽  
María José Pérez Villadóniga ◽  
Juan Prieto Rodríguez ◽  
Ana Russo
Keyword(s):  
City Centre ◽  
The City

What Makes a City Bikeable? A Study of Intercity and Intracity Patterns of Bicycle Ridership using Mobike Big Data Records

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75
Author(s):  
Ying Long ◽  
Jianting Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Rating System ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Usage Frequency ◽  
Share Data ◽  
The City

This paper examines how mass ridership data can help describe cities from the bikers' perspective. We explore the possibility of using the data to reveal general bikeability patterns in 202 major Chinese cities. This process is conducted by constructing a bikeability rating system, the Mobike Riding Index (MRI), to measure bikeability in terms of usage frequency and the built environment. We first investigated mass ridership data and relevant supporting data; we then established the MRI framework and calculated MRI scores accordingly. This study finds that people tend to ride shared bikes at speeds close to 10 km/h for an average distance of 2 km roughly three times a day. The MRI results show that at the street level, the weekday and weekend MRI distributions are analogous, with an average score of 49.8 (range 0–100). At the township level, high-scoring townships are those close to the city centre; at the city level, the MRI is unevenly distributed, with high-MRI cities along the southern coastline or in the middle inland area. These patterns have policy implications for urban planners and policy-makers. This is the first and largest-scale study to incorporate mobile bike-share data into bikeability measurements, thus laying the groundwork for further research.

Toward A Framework for Assessing the Fair Distribution of Space in Urban Streets

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199519
Author(s):  
Gabriel Lefebvre-Ropars ◽  
Catherine Morency ◽  
Paula Negron-Poblete
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Active Transportation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Street Space ◽  
The World ◽  
Fair Distribution ◽  
The City

The increasing popularity of street redesigns highlights the intense competition for street space between their different users. More and more cities around the world mention in their planning documents their intention to rebalance streets in favor of active transportation, transit, and green infrastructure. However, few efforts have managed to formalize quantifiable measurements of the balance between the different users and usages of the street. This paper proposes a method to assess the balance between the three fundamental dimensions of the street—the link, the place, and the environment—as well as a method to assess the adequation between supply and demand for the link dimension at the corridor level. A series of open and government georeferenced datasets were integrated to determine the detailed allocation of street space for 11 boroughs of the city of Montréal, Canada. Travel survey data from the 2013 Origine-Destination survey was used to model different demand profiles on these streets. The three dimensions of the street were found to be most unbalanced in the central boroughs of the city, which are also the most dense and touristic neighborhoods. A discrepancy between supply and demand for transit users and cyclists was also observed across the study area. This highlights the potential of using a distributive justice framework to approach the question of the fair distribution of street space in an urban context.

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