scholarly journals L’appareil analytique et ses modèles

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvon Gauthier

Cet article propose une notion constructiviste de modèle dans la théorie physique applicable à la théorie scientifique en général, c’est-à-dire aussi bien dans les sciences exactes que dans les sciences sociales et humaines. La distinction entre appareil analytique et appareil expérimental par la médiation des modèles permet en effet de généraliser une notion qui est d’abord apparue dans les fondements de la physique chez David Hilbert et John von Neumann. Si l’on consent à inverser les flèches ou homomorphismes qui vont de l’appareil analytique, ensemble des structures logicomathématiques, à l’appareil expérimental, ensemble des données empiriques et des procédures expérimentales, on peut remonter par la modélisation des données jusqu’à l’appareil analytique qui assure la consistance ou cohérence logique de la théorie scientifique, qu’elle relève des sciences exactes ou des sciences sociales. Une telle articulation des savoirs peut apparaître formelle, mais elle a l’avantage de rassembler les entreprises scientifiques dans un schème unificateur qui jette une lumière nouvelle sur le débat majeur en philosophie des sciences contemporaine, la confrontation du réalisme et de l’antiréalisme, qui a des répercussions tant en philosophie de la physique qu’en philosophie du langage et en philosophie de la logique, ou encore en philosophie des sciences sociales, si l’on en croit Jürgen Habermas ou les tenants du contructionnisme appelé jadis constructivisme social ou socioconstructivisme. L’article conclut sur la distinction qu’il faut opérer entre le constructivisme logicomathématique et le contructionnisme, comme le dénomme Ian Hacking, pour bien marquer la distance qui sépare les postures fondationnelles ou les options philosophiques dans ce qu’il faut bien appeler « logique de la science », selon l’expression du grand philosophe pragmatiste Charles Sanders Peirce reprise par des empiristes logiques comme Rudolf Carnap.

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandye Gloria-Palermo

The objective is to interpret John von Neumann's growth model as a decisive step of the forthcoming formalist revolution of the 1950s in economics. This model gave rise to an impressive variety of comments about its classical or neoclassical underpinnings. We go beyond this traditional criterion and interpret rather this model as the manifestation of von Neumann's involvement in the formalist programme of mathematician David Hilbert. We discuss the impact of Kurt G?del's discoveries on this programme. We show that the growth model reflects the pragmatic turn of the formalist programme after G?del and proposes the extension of modern axiomatisation to economics.


Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam. Introduction. Philosophy of mathematics, Selected readings, edited by Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle-wood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1964, pp. 1–27. - Rudolf Carnap. The logicist foundations of mathematics. English translation of 3528 by Erna Putnam and Gerald E. Massey. Philosophy of mathematics, Selected readings, edited by Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle-wood Cliffs, New Jersey, pp. 31–41. - Arend Heyting. The intuitionist foundations of mathematics. English translation of 3856 by Erna Putnam and Gerald E. Massey. Philosophy of mathematics, Selected readings, edited by Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle-wood Cliffs, New Jersey, pp. 42–49. - Johann von Neumann. The formalist foundations of mathematics. English translation of 2998 by Erna Putnam and Gerald E. Massey. Philosophy of mathematics, Selected readings, edited by Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle-wood Cliffs, New Jersey, pp. 50–54. - Arend Heyting. Disputation. A reprint of pages 1-12 (the first chapter) and parts of the bibliography of XXI 367. Philosophy of mathematics, Selected readings, edited by Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle-wood Cliffs, New Jersey, pp. 55–65. - L. E. J. Brouwer. Intuitionism and formalism. A reprint of 1557. Philosophy of mathematics, Selected readings, edited by Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle-wood Cliffs, New Jersey, pp. 66–77. - L. E. J. Brouwer. Consciousness, philosophy, and mathematics. A reprint of pages 1243-1249 of XIV 132. Philosophy of mathematics, Selected readings, edited by Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle-wood Cliffs, New Jersey, pp. 78–84. - Gottlob Frege. The concept of number. English translation of pages 67-104, 115-119, of 495 (1884 edn.) by Michael S. Mahoney. Philosophy of mathematics, Selected readings, edited by Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle-wood Cliffs, New Jersey, pp. 85–112. - Bertrand Russell. Selections from Introduction to mathematical philosophy. A reprint of pages 1-19, 194-206, of 11126 (1st edn., 1919). Philosophy of mathematics, Selected readings, edited by Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle-wood Cliffs, New Jersey, pp. 113–133. - David Hilbert. On the infinite. English translation of 10813 by Erna Putnam and Gerald E. Massey. Philosophy of mathematics, Selected readings, edited by Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle-wood Cliffs, New Jersey, pp. 134–151.

1969 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Alec Fisher

2004 ◽  
Vol 174 (12) ◽  
pp. 1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail I. Monastyrskii
Keyword(s):  

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Klaus Viertbauer

Habermas’s postmetaphysical reading of Kierkegaard is paradigmatic for his understanding of religion. It shows, why Habermas reduces religion to fideism. Therefore the paper reconstructs Habermas’s reception of Kierkegaard and compares it with the accounts of Dieter Henrich and Michael Theunissen. Furthermore it demonstrates how Habermas makes use of Kierkegaard’s dialectics of existence to formulate his postmetaphysical thesis of a cooperative venture.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirlene Santos Mafra Medeiros ◽  
Rita Maria Radl-Phillipp ◽  
José Gilliard Santos da Silva

O artigo em questão apresenta a construção coletiva de uma proposta pedagógica para a Escola Estadual Joaquim José de Medeiros, localizada na cidade de Cruzeta, no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, e possui como base epistemológica a teoria social de George Herbert Mead, Jürgen Habermas e a teoria crítica da educação da Escola de Frankfurt, nas perspectivas de Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno (2003), Jürgen Habermas (2012); e, atualmente, de pesquisadores contemporâneos como Freire (2009), Radl-Philipp (1996, 1998, 2014), Bannell (2006), Pucci (2006), Santos (2007), Medeiros (2010-1016), Casagrande (2014) dentre outros autores que estudam Mead e as teorias críticas numa perspectiva emancipatória.


2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Alves (Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal)

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre a desobediência civil e a democracia no pensamento político contemporâneo, através das obras de Hannah Arendt, Norberto Bobbio, John Rawls e Jürgen Habermas. A indissociabilidade entre democracia e desobediência civil emerge num ambiente favorável mas antinómico e pleno de tensão.


Author(s):  
Robin Holt

The chapter continues to discuss the association of judgment and sovereignty using Franz Kafka’s story Das Urteil (The Judgment). It does so in order to then introduce the public nature of spectating and how this has been played out in the thinking of Jurgen Habermas concerning speech situations, and in Hannah Arendt’s writings on the polis. Rather than pitch the public in contrast to the private, the chapter suggests spectating plays on the binary in ways that enrich both. This coming together of the private and public is then woven into the understanding of strategic inquiry as an organizational forming of self-presentation.


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