scholarly journals Transferring Culture in Translations —  Modern and Postmodern Options

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Peter Müller
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Charles Baudelaire ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
The Creation

Abstract Transferring Culture in Translations - Modern and Postmodern Options — The characteristic elements of the modern theories of translation by Charles Baudelaire and Sigmund Freud are outlined and described in the context of the question of how differences in culture and understanding can be recognized and translated. Translations depend on a certain homogeneity (between the different sign systems used) which can be provided by the creation of meaning through language. The understanding, acknowledgement and creation of meaning is vital for translations. Both Baudelaire and Freud are quite aware of the relative value of such meaning. In postmodernist theories, translation becomes 'necessarily impossible.' Paul de Man's and Jacques Derrida's practical use of Walter Benjamin's text on translation indeed shows that they do not translate him. They do, however, adapt him to their own view and their specific meaning. More and different meanings can be detected in Benjamin, though, and the necessity for multiple, ambiguous, but not entirely arbitrary translations must be recognized. Only a meaningful, inventive combination of one's own and the other's positions can make cultural transfer and the acknowledgement and tentative understanding of otherness possible.

scholarly journals Melancholy and Crisis Worldview as the Situation of Man “In His Time” in the First Third of the XX Century

Discourse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
D. V. Andreenko
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Charles Baudelaire ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Shaping modernity in the first third of the twentieth century is tied to the private worldview of the person of this era in which the main metaphor of the individual perception of “their time” is melancholy. The crisis of this historical period forms the prism of melancholic worldview. The goal of this article is to substantiate the reasons for the perception of melancholy as a phenomenon caused in part by the problem of individual experience of time. The relationship between melancholy and modernity has already been noted in the literature, but this text raises a new question – what is the temporal nature of this mutual influence?Methodology and sources. A key role in the understanding of melancholy is played by the texts of authors of the early 20th century: Walter Benjamin, devoted to Charles Baudelaire and the work of Sigmund Freud “Mourning and Melancholy”. The issue of temporality in the work is interpreted through the reference to the phenomenological tradition, namely in reference to the modern phenomenological analysis of depressive disorder in the work of Domonkos Sik.Results and discussion. The author comes to the conclusion that the feeling of the interrelation of melancholy and the epoch is extremely specific for a person of the first third of the 20th century, evidence of which could be found in the philosophical and cultural reflection of this period. Crisis worldview is reflected in literature, painting, cinema, philosophy, social theory, etc. Thus, it is possible to represent melancholy as a phenomenon, partly caused by the problem of individual experience of time. Melancholy occurs when a crisis worldview is supplemented by an experience of circular temporality, the disappearance of the future, preoccupation with the past, passivity, or isolation.Conclusion. If these elements come together, a total worldview is formed in which real world events intensify melancholy. In this sense, phenomenologically speaking, melancholy is not so much a state as a dynamic process.

How to create a human communication system

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey J. Lister ◽  
Nicolas Fay
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Interactive Feedback ◽  
Single Modality

Following a synthesis of naturalistic and experimental studies of language creation, we propose a theoretical model that describes the process through which human communication systems might arise and evolve. Three key processes are proposed that give rise to effective, efficient and shared human communication systems: (1) motivated signs that directly resemble their meaning facilitate cognitive alignment, improving communication success; (2) behavioral alignment onto an inventory of shared sign-to-meaning mappings bolsters cognitive alignment between interacting partners; (3) sign refinement, through interactive feedback, enhances the efficiency of the evolving communication system. By integrating the findings across a range of diverse studies, we propose a theoretical model of the process through which the earliest human communication systems might have arisen and evolved. Importantly, because our model is not bound to a single modality it can describe the creation of shared sign systems across a range of contexts, informing theories of language creation and evolution.

Sigmund Freud, Translator of The Enfranchisement of Women By J.S. Mill

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Moreau Ricaud
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Creation

After the death of Mill's official translator, Freud (then a brilliant and impoverished student) was offered by Gomperz, thanks to the recommendation of his philosophy teacher von Brentano, the translation of the last volume of John Stuart Mill's works. This included the revolutionary essay of 1851 (by Mill and/or by his partner Mrs Harriet Taylor) on the enfranchisement of women. My hypothesis is that, far from leaving Freud unscathed, this commissioned work had affected some of his negative views about women, which were anyway common in the culture of his times. J.S. Mill (1806–1873), the utopian philosopher whose influence on his theories Freud never acknowledged, might have had an effect, without him becoming aware of it, on his way of listening to the complaints and demands of his female patients, who had cooperated with him in the creation of his technique. The activity of translating (which, according to Valery Larbaud, has ‘something sexual about it’) was able later to play a part in giving birth to Freud's theories on the issue of ‘femininity’, in relation to both women and men. Apres la mort du traducteur officiel, Freud, etudiant brillant et necessiteux, se voit confer par Gomperz et sur la recommandation du philosophe von Brentano dont it est l'etudiant, la traduction du dernier volume des oeuvres de John Stuart Mill, dans lequel se trouve l'essai revolutionnaire (de Mill et/ou sa compagne Mrs Harriet Taylor) de 1851 sur l'affranchissement des femmes. Loin de laisser Freud indemne, ce travail de commande va - c'est mon hypothese - entamer quelques uns de ses prejuges negatifs a l'encontre des femmes (qui flottaient d'ailleurs dans fair du temps). Ce philosophe utopiste, J. S. Mill (1806–1873) - dont Freud ne mentionne pourtant jamais l'influence sur sa propre theorie - pourrait avoir, a son insu et pour une large part, modifie son ecoute des plaintes et revendications de ses patientes, devenues co-creatrices de sa technique. L'acte de traduction (qui a selon Valery Larbaud ‘quelque chose de sexuel’), a pu produire plus tard chez Freud un enfant theorique, en particulier autour du ‘feminin’, questionnee chez la femme et chez F homme.

scholarly journals Lost Dolls, Lost Souls in Elena Ferrante’s La figlia oscura

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilay Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Charles Baudelaire ◽  
Rainer Maria Rilke ◽  
The Self ◽  
To Come

This paper aims to analyse Elena Ferrante’s use of the metaphor of playing with dolls in her novel, La figlia oscura (The Lost Daughter). With a view of shedding a light on this issue, the first part of the paper will review the prominent essays of Sigmund Freud, Ernst Jentsch, Walter Benjamin, Rainer Maria Rilke and Charles Baudelaire that question the nature of playing with dolls in terms of psychology with various focuses. These essays generally agree on the fact that playing with dolls is a strong threshold to come to terms with the self, as well as on the fact that this coming to terms with the self is by nature not guaranteed. The second part will examine Elena Ferrante’s dealing with the problem of playing with dolls and her character’s journey to death and a possible psychological resurrection.

scholarly journals СОЛОСПІВ М. ЛИСЕНКА «МОЛІТЕСЬ, БРАТІЯ, МОЛІТЕСЬ!» З ПОЕМИ «ГАЙДАМАКИ» Т. ШЕВЧЕНКА У КОНТЕКСТІ ІНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНОГО СИНТЕЗУ ФОРТЕПІАНО ТА БАНДУРИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Admink Admink
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Vocal Works

Досліджено інструментальні партії дум у виконанні кобзарів О. Вересая, П. Братиці, С. Пасюги, І. Кучеренка, Г. Гончаренка, записаних М. Лисенком та Ф. Колессою. Виявлено найбільш типові прийоми кобзарського виконавства і їхнє вживлення у фортепіанну фактуру епіко-драматичного солоспіву. Зазначено, що втілення бандурного компоненту найкраще відображено у фортепіанних партіях вокальних творів циклу «Музика до «Кобзаря» Тараса Шевченка». Здійснено семантичний аналіз фортепіанної партії солоспіву. Це допомагає розкрити значення тембру бандури у створенні нових музичних знаків і знакових систем у творчості композитора, що є характерною ознакою музичної мови М. Лисенка.Ключові слова: М. Лисенко, солоспіви, Т. Шевченко, «Гайдамаки», фортепіанна фактура, кобзарі, дума. Instrumental parts of dumas performed by kobzars O. Veresay, P. Bratytsya, S. Pasyuha, I. Kucherenko, G. Goncharenko, recorded by M. Lysenko and F. Kolessa, were studed. The most typical techniques of kobzar`s performance and their implantation into the piano texture of epic-dramatic romance were discovered. It is stated that the embodiment of the bandura component is best reflected in the piano parts of vocal works of the cycle «Music to Taras Shevchenko’s Kobzar». A semantic analysis of the piano party of the romance is performed. This helps to show the importance of the timbre of the bandura in the creation of new musical signs and sign systems in the work of the composer, which is a characteristic feature of M. Lysenko’s musical language.Key words: M. V. Lysenko, romances, T. Shevchenko, «Haydamaky», piano texture, kobzars, duma.

scholarly journals The Jewish symbols

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-285
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Łoziński
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Jewish Culture ◽  
Religious Symbols ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Political Value ◽  
State Of Israel

Abstract In every culture, people have always used symbols giving them sense and assigning them a specific meaning. Over the centuries, with the passage of time religious symbols have mingled with secular symbols. The charisms of Judaism have mutually intermingled with the Christian ones taking on a new tribal or national form with influences of their own culture. The aim of this article is to analyze and determine the influence of Judaic symbols on religious and social life of the Jews. The article indicates the sources of symbols from biblical times to the present day. I analyzed the symbols derived from Jewish culture, and those borrowed within the framework of acculturation with other communities as well. By showing examples of the interpenetration of cultures, the text is an attempt to present a wide range of meanings symbols: from the utilitarian, through religious, to national ones. It also describes their impact on the religious sphere, the influence on nurturing and preserving the national-ethnic traditions, sense of identity and state consciousness. The political value of a symbol as one of the elements of the genesis of the creation of the state of Israel is also discussed.

An Archaeology of the Aesthetic: Slavery and Politics at the Jesuit Vineyards of Nasca

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Brendan J.M. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Aesthetics And Politics ◽  
Colonial Peru ◽  
Administrative Policy ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Aesthetic

This article makes the case for the utility of an aesthetic approach to the archaeological record, drawing on the philosophical work of Jacques Rancière on aesthetics and politics. The case of an archaeology of African slavery on Jesuit vineyards in colonial Peru is offered to explore nuances in power and the production of enslaved subjectivities that become visible through a consideration of aesthetic fields. Of particular interest are the aesthetics of administrative policy as materialized in space and the built environment and enslaved responses through aesthetic interventions. Rather than focusing on the specific meaning or hybridity involved in the creation of the material, a Rancièrean aesthetic approach considers how materials were potentially charged with multiple, sometimes contentious meanings through activation and engagement in the aesthetic experience.

Aesthetics: Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
Michael Lacewing ◽  
Richard G.T. Gipps
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Film Theory ◽  
Artistic Creativity ◽  
Depressive Position ◽  
Human Creativity ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Aesthetic Sensibility

This introduction provides an overview of the chapters in this section, which explores the role of psychoanalysis in aesthetics. More specifically, the chapters examine some psychoanalytic concepts with which to think more deeply about human creativity and aesthetic sensibility, such as wish and wish fulfilment, the depressive position, projection, containment, and mentalization. The focus is on what Sigmund Freud thinks about art, how we should understand it (the question of criticism), what makes an experience distinctively aesthetic, and how we should understand artistic creativity. One of the chapters deals with film theory, arguing against the cognitive turn in favour of the view that ‘the creation and experience of film is driven by desire and wish fulfilment and functions so as to satisfy certain psychological, protective, expressive needs of both artists and audiences’. Another chapter considers the developmental, transformative nature of art, and the particular importance of its form in this respect.

6. Myth and psychology

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Carl Jung ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Creation Myths ◽  
The Creation

‘Myth and psychology’ explains how, in psychology, the theories of Sigmund Freud and of Carl Jung have almost monopolized the study of myth. They both parallel myths to dreams. Freud analyzes myths throughout his writings, but his main discussion is of Oedipus. For Freud, myth functions through its meaning: myth vents Oedipal desires by presenting a story in which, symbolically, they are enacted. Like Freudians, Jungians at once analyze all kinds of myths, not just hero myths, and interpret other kinds heroically. Creation myths, for example, symbolize the creation of consciousness out of the unconscious. For Freud, heroism involves relations with parents and instincts. For Jung, heroism involves, in addition, relations with the unconscious.

How to create a human communication system: A theoretical model

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey J Lister ◽  
Nicolas Fay
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
System A ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Interactive Feedback ◽  
Single Modality

Following a synthesis of naturalistic and experimental studies of language creation, we propose a theoretical model that describes the process through which human communication systems might arise and evolve. Three key processes are proposed that give rise to effective, efficient and shared human communication systems: 1) motivated signs that directly resemble their meaning facilitate cognitive alignment, improving communication success; 2) behavioral alignment onto an inventory of shared sign-to-meaning mappings bolsters cognitive alignment between interacting partners; 3) sign refinement, through interactive feedback, enhances the efficiency of the evolving communication system. By integrating the findings across a range of diverse studies, we propose a theoretical model of the process through which the earliest human communication systems might have arisen and evolved. Importantly, because our model is not bound to a single modality it can describe the creation of shared sign systems across a range of contexts, informing theories of language creation and evolution.

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