scholarly journals Research Gaps in Labour Market and Labour Force Information

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-439
Author(s):  
Gil Schonning
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Preparatory Stage ◽  
Research Institute

The purpose of the following paper is to point out some research gaps in labour market and labour force information. At the same time, the author outlines some areas where research seems to be necessary. The initial preparatory stage of manpower, the mechanisms of the short and long-run allocation of manpower encompass three important aspects that future research activities must cover. * * This paper was presented at the First Meeting of the Canadian Industrial Relations Research Institute, held at McGill University, July 6th, 1964.

scholarly journals The Canadian Industrial Relations Research Institute

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-520
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
Vice Presidents ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Research Institute

On june 6th., 1964 at McGill University, Montreal, was held the first annual meeting of the Canadian Industrial Relations Research Institute. On that occasion, was adopted the constitution of the group and officers were elected. Papers were presented by Father Gérard Dion, Laval University, Quebec, Dr J.T. Montague, British Columbia University, and by Dr Gil Schonning, Department of Labour, Ottawa. The officers elected are the following: President: H.D. Woods (McGill University); Vice-presidents: Father Gerard Dion (Laval University), Bora Laskin (Toronto University); Secretary: Frances Bairstow (McGill University); members: J.T. Montague (British Columbia University), Roy Brookbank (Dalhousie University). The Business Office of the Institute is located at: 3666 McTavish Street, Montreal, Que. Foliowing is the text of the constitution.

scholarly journals Challenges of International Migration in a Globalized World: Implications for Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gratiela Georgiana Noja ◽  
Liana Son
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Per Capita

The research conducted aims to identify and assess the interdependencies between international migration and labour market outcomes, focusing both on emigration and immigration effects on sending, and destination countries, as well as on economic (labour force) and non-economic (humanitarian, refugees) migration. International migration as one of the most important frontiers of globalization represents a major challenge globally, with significant economic consequences, especially for Europe, where large migrant flows have emerged in the context of European integration. Moreover, recently there is an increased waves of refugees and asylum seekers targeting Germany, Austria, Sweden or Turkey as main destination countries coming through Eastern and Central Mediterranean or Western Balkans routes. The analysis is based on developing various double-log fixed and random effects models, as well as dynamic models, using a panel structure that covers five main EU destination countries (Germany, Austria, Sweden, Italy and Spain) and three New EU Member States since 2007 and 2013 (Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia). We used a complex set of indicators (national accounts – GDP total, per capita, per person, employed; labour market – employment, unemployment, wages, secondary and tertiary education; migration specific data – immigration flows and stocks, asylum seekers and refugees, emigrant stocks), compiled during 2000-2014. Moreover, we used a SEM model (Structural Equations Modelling) to better capture the labour market impacts of international migration for the selected EU countries. The models are processed through OLS, GLS, and MLE methods, as well as by using panel corrected standard errors, and are completed within and out-of-sample predictions. The results show that immigration flows have important economic consequences leading to significant changes in labour market performances (slight decrease in employment rates and wage levels), which largely vary from one country to another. On the long-run, the negative effects of immigration tend to predominate. From the emigration perspective, the findings show some positive effects of labour emigration on sending countries, by enabling to upgrade the living standards for those remaining, mainly through remittances. Still, there is a negative impact generated on the size and structure of internal labour force and, on the long run, this is proving to be extremely negative (slow GDP per capita growth rates).

Supply Side Reform and UK Economic Growth: What Happened To The Miracle?

1995 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Oulton
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Union Power ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Oil Shock ◽  
Post War

Two institutions have retarded UK productivity growth in the post-war period: industrial relations and education. The failings of both were largely addressed in the 1980s. The productivity improvement of the 1980s was genuine and was largely due to the reduction in union power brought about by the trade union legislation of the 1980s. The 1980s and 1990s have also seen large falls in the proportion of the labour force which is unqualified and rises in enrolment rates in further and higher education, changes which tend to increase long-run growth. But two factors have obscured the extent o f the improvement. First, the whole climate for economic growth is less favourable than it was in the so-called Golden Age prior to the first oil shock in 1973. Second, UK macroeconomic policy compares poorly with other OECD countries: booms have been shorter and recessions longer, so that microeconomic success has been masked by macroeconomic failure.

Changing Labour Market and Industrial Relations, Changing Times: Make in India and Ensuing Labour Reforms

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Kuriakose Mamkoottam
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
The Social ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
Unorganized Sector

This article argues that the ‘Make-in-India’ and the proposed labour reforms are unlikely to succeed given the unequal structure of the Indian labour market, with the large majority of the Indian labour force remaining in the unorganized sector and unprotected by the labour laws. It is further argued that the introduction of some of the proposed labour reforms are likely to create further imbalance in the bargaining power in favour of management, which may not help to develop a balanced labour market, and may further increase the social and economic inequality.

scholarly journals The Maori in the Work Force

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Easton
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Market Theory ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Econometric Study ◽  
The Individual

This paper reports on a study commissioned by Te Puni Kokiri, based on a larger data base mainly from the 1991 Population Census. As well as demonstrating and extending the standard conclusion that Maori are in markedly inferior positions in the labour force compared to the non-Maori, the paper reports an econometric study which suggests that this is primarily due to some 'Maoriness' factor. An example would be that since social networks are the main means by which people obtain jobs, the individual Maori is disadvantaged by her or his network being more jobless. The study goes on to develop the relevance of dual labour market theory to an understanding of Maori labour force performance, and proposes a more elaborate model of the labour market than that which is usually used. The main findings are reported below, and suggested future research directions complete the paper.

scholarly journals The application of a simplified model to assess the fairness of employee selection measures in a sample of white and coloured apprentices

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
X. C. Birkenbach ◽  
A. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Differential Prediction ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Black Employees

While the topic of fairness in personnel selection decisions has received a great deal of attention in the United States of America over the last two decades or so, little work has been done in South Africa in this regard. In view of the possible industrial relations implications of discrimination linked to test unfairness, research needs to be undertaken in this country to examine predictor-criterion relationships for the various race groups who make up the labour force. In the present study, a simplified approach for evaluating test fairness developed by Lawshe (1983) was tested in a sample of white and coloured apprentices. Four selection instruments were related to three criteria of job success. The results of the research seem to verify the results of studies conducted in America, namely, that little evidence has emerged supporting the concepts of differential validity and differential prediction of tests for different race groups. Future research should include samples consisting of black employees in order to compare their test and criterion profiles with those of persons from other racial groups.

scholarly journals Labor Relations, Labor Relations Law and Public Policy

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-462
Author(s):  
J. T. Montague
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Research Institute

In this address the author explains how and why, legislation in Canada appears to have compartmentalized its own activities within the labour market so that a number of legislative efforts are continued through the economy with little relationship one to the other.* * This paper tvas presented at the First Meeting of the Canadian IndustrialRelations Research Institute, held at McGill University, July 6th, 1964.

scholarly journals Labour Market Statistics - Plugging the Gaps

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Ewing ◽  
Sharon Evans
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Business Statistics ◽  
Household Labour ◽  
And Training

Official statistics have not kept pace with the deregulation of the labour market in the 1990s. Beginning in 1992 with the Rose Review' there have been several assessments of the gaps and what is required to plug them. The report of the Prime Ministerial Task Force on Employment in 1994 and the 1996 work of an interdepartmental working group reached similar conclusions about the needs. In the last two years some important advances have occurred. The 1996 Census of Population extended the coverage of education and training topics. Central government funding was obtained for Household Labour Force Survey supplements on education and training (once only) and income (annually). Results from all three supplements will be available in 1997. Feasibility studies, funded by a group of Government agencies, have been done on employer's training practices and expenditure. Statistics New Zealand has developed new classifications for levels of educational attainment and field of educational study. There are still a number of unmet needs, particularly in the areas of labour market dynamics, workplace industrial relations, employment-related business statistics and Maori labour force involvement. Options for funding these have been explored in 1996 with no positive outcomes yet.

Neoliberalism, gender inequality and the Australian labour market

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda van Gellecum ◽  
Janeen Baxter ◽  
Mark Western
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Wage Setting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State

Over the past 25 years neoliberal philosophies have increasingly informed labour market policies in Australia that have led to increasing levels of wage decentralization. The most recent industrial relations changes aim to decentralize wage setting significantly further than has previously been the case. We argue that this is problematic for gender equity as wage decentralization will entrench rather than challenge the undervaluation of feminized work. In this article we provide an overview of key neoliberal industrial relations policy changes pertinent to gender equity and examine the current state of gender equity in the labour market. Results show that women's labour force participation has steadily increased over time but that a number of negative trends exclude women with substantial caring responsibilities from pursuing a career track. The implications of increasing levels of wage deregulation are that gender wage inequality and the potential for discrimination will grow.

scholarly journals Post-crisis precarity: Understanding attitudes to work and industrial relations among young people in the UK

2020 ◽  
pp. 0143831X1989438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Berry ◽  
Sean McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
The Uk

The 2008 crisis crystallised the trend towards ‘precarious’ labour market conditions which disproportionately affect young people. Few studies since the crisis, however, examine how young people understand and engage with their economic circumstances and industrial relations. This article draws upon rich and original data from focus groups and an online community exercise to examine the attitudes of young people in relation to the apparent ‘normalisation’ of precarity in the post-crisis economy. It argues that although young people have internalised precarious labour market conditions, they recognise the abnormality of this situation. It shows that their view of these conditions as immutable, however, means they often fail to see value in conventional forms of trade union organisation. The article concludes by outlining a future research agenda around economic crisis, generational identities and the future of industrial relations.

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