scholarly journals National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh. Shelf Catalogue of the Words Collection of Polar Exploration. Boston, G.K. Hall, 1964. 1 volume de 191 p., 27 x 27 cm  Dictionary Catalogue of the Stefansson Collection on Polar Regions in the Dartmouth College Library. Boston, G.K. Hall, 1967. 8 vol., 27 X 36 cm  Catalogue of the Library of the Arctic Institute of North America. Boston, G.K. Hall, 1969. 4 vol., 27 X 36 cm.

1969 ◽  
Vol 13 (29) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Fabien Caron
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Dartmouth College ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
National Library ◽  
College Library

Human biogeography and climate change in Siberia and Arctic North America in the fourth and fifth millennia BP

1990 ◽  
Vol 330 (1615) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Before Present ◽  
Yenisei River ◽  
Northeastern Asia ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Yenisei River ◽  
Historical Relation ◽  
Small Tool

This paper explores the relation between the geographic shifts in prehistoric hunting populations and changes in climate between 4500 and 3000 before present (BP) within the polar regions from the Yenisei River in Siberia to Greenland. We have chosen this time period because major human geographic changes occurred over much of northeastern Asia and northern North America, and because these changes appear to be linked, at least in part, to a palaeoclimatic fluctuations. The cultures under consideration have been termed the Early and Middle Neolithic (Syalakh and Bel’kachi) in Siberia and the Arctic Small Tool Tradition (with such local variants as Denbigh, Independence I, Pre-Dorset, and Sarqaq) in North America. Despite these terminological differences, these groups shared such a close similarity in their technology and adaptive patterns that they must have once shared a direct historical relation.

Future prospects for Arctic wildlands in North America

Polar Record ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (128) ◽  
pp. 417-424
Author(s):  
Walter B. Parker
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Resident Population ◽  
The People ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Influence Perceptions

The fascination of the polar regions for the people of southern climes has always rested on the aura of mystery created by inaccessibility and the sense of prospective freedom offered by lands that were supposedly not claimed or utilized. Later, the intensive use of Arctic lands by their aboriginal inhabitants became clearer to those southerners who took the time to live for long periods in the Arctic, especially those whose opinions were open to the reality of what they observed around them. The Antarctic did not, of course, have a resident population to influence perceptions and has thus created a very different range of interests.

scholarly journals Enhanced Viral Activity in the Surface Microlayer of the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Dolors Vaqué ◽  
Julia A. Boras ◽  
Jesús Maria Arrieta ◽  
Susana Agustí ◽  
Carlos M. Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Microbial Food Web ◽  
Surface Microlayer ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Viral Activity ◽  
The Impact

The ocean surface microlayer (SML), with physicochemical characteristics different from those of subsurface waters (SSW), results in dense and active viral and microbial communities that may favor virus–host interactions. Conversely, wind speed and/or UV radiation could adversely affect virus infection. Furthermore, in polar regions, organic and inorganic nutrient inputs from melting ice may increase microbial activity in the SML. Since the role of viruses in the microbial food web of the SML is poorly understood in polar oceans, we aimed to study the impact of viruses on prokaryotic communities in the SML and in the SSW in Arctic and Antarctic waters. We hypothesized that a higher viral activity in the SML than in the SSW in both polar systems would be observed. We measured viral and prokaryote abundances, virus-mediated mortality on prokaryotes, heterotrophic and phototrophic nanoflagellate abundance, and environmental factors. In both polar zones, we found small differences in environmental factors between the SML and the SSW. In contrast, despite the adverse effect of wind, viral and prokaryote abundances and virus-mediated mortality on prokaryotes were higher in the SML than in the SSW. As a consequence, the higher carbon flux released by lysed cells in the SML than in the SSW would increase the pool of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and be rapidly used by other prokaryotes to grow (the viral shunt). Thus, our results suggest that viral activity greatly contributes to the functioning of the microbial food web in the SML, which could influence the biogeochemical cycles of the water column.

Early Holocene ocean conditions off the Zachariæ Isstrøm, Northeast Greenland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Davies ◽  
Anders Møller Mathiasen ◽  
Kristiane Kristensen ◽  
Christof Pearce ◽  
Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Outlet Glacier ◽  
The Impact

<p>The polar regions exhibit some of the most visible signs of climate change globally; annual mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) has quadrupled in recent decades, from 51 ± 65 Gt yr<sup>−1</sup> (1992-2001) to 211 ± 37 Gt yr<sup>−1</sup> (2002-2011). This can partly be attributed to the widespread retreat and speed-up of marine-terminating glaciers. The Zachariae Isstrøm (ZI) is an outlet glacier of the Northeast Greenland Ice Steam (NEGIS), one of the largest ice streams of the GrIS (700km), draining approximately 12% of the ice sheet interior. Observations show that the ZI began accelerating in 2000, resulting in the collapse of the floating ice shelf between 2002 and 2003. By 2014, the ice shelf extended over an area of 52km<sup>2</sup>, a 95% decrease in area since 2002, where it extended over 1040km<sup>2</sup>. Paleo-reconstructions provide an opportunity to extend observational records in order to understand the oceanic and climatic processes governing the position of the grounding zone of marine terminating glaciers and the extent of floating ice shelves. Such datasets are thus necessary if we are to constrain the impact of future climate change projections on the Arctic cryosphere.</p><p>A multi-proxy approach, involving grain size, geochemical, foraminiferal and sedimentary analysis was applied to marine sediment core DA17-NG-ST8-92G, collected offshore of the ZI, on  the Northeast Greenland Shelf. The aim was to reconstruct changes in the extent of the ZI and the palaeoceanographic conditions throughout the Early to Mid Holocene (c.a. 12,500-5,000 cal. yrs. BP). Evidence from the analysis of these datasets indicates that whilst there has been no grounded ice at the site over the last 12,500 years, the ice shelf of the ZI extended as a floating ice shelf over the site between 12,500 and 9,200 cal. yrs. BP, with the grounding line further inland from our study site. This was followed by a retreat in the ice shelf extent during the Holocene Thermal Maximum; this was likely to have been governed, in part, by basal melting driven by Atlantic Water (AW) recirculated from Svalbard or from the Arctic Ocean. Evidence from benthic foraminifera suggest that there was a shift from the dominance of AW to Polar Water at around 7,500 cal. yrs. BP, although the ice shelf did not expand again despite of this cooling of subsurface waters.</p>

Arctic Science and Technology Information System

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Jane C. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
North America ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Bibliographic Database ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
University Of Calgary ◽  
The University

ASTIS offers over 83,000 records that provide freely available access to publications, including research and research projects, about Canada's north. This database is a product of the Arctic Institute of North America at the University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada which also maintains subsidiary regional, subject, and initiative-based databases. The subsidiary databases are all housed within and accessible through the main ASTIS database. Examples of the smaller databases include: ArcticNet Publications Database, the Nunavik Bibliography, and the Northern Granular Resources Bibliographic Database. ASTIS offers the ability to browse through its access points, including its own thesauri, thus permitting users to select and use a variety of free-text and controlled search terms.

Toward a biogeographic regionalization of the Nearctic region: Area nomenclature and digital map

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5027 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-375
Author(s):  
TANIA ESCALANTE ◽  
GERARDO RODRÍGUEZ-TAPIA ◽  
JUAN J. MORRONE
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Biogeographic Regionalization ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Nearctic Region

We provide a preliminary nomenclatural proposal and a digital map of the Nearctic region, based on published regionalizations, especially Dice (1943), and applying the International Code of Area Nomenclature. The Nearctic region is comprised of three subregions (one of them with two dominions), one transition zone and 29 provinces. The Arctic subregion, in northern North America and Greenland, includes the Eskimoan, Hudsonian, Aleutian and Sitkan provinces. The Western subregion, in western North America, includes the Californian dominion, with the Californian and Oregonian provinces; and the Rocky Mountain dominion, including the Montanian, Saskatchewan, Palusian, Artemisian, Coloradan, Kansan, Mohavian, Navahonian, Sonoran, Chihuahuan, Comanche, and Baja California provinces. The Alleghany subregion, in eastern North America, includes the Illinoian, Canadian, Carolinian, Texan, Austroriparian, and Tamaulipan provinces. The Mexican Transition Zone, situated in the area of overlap with the Neotropical region, includes the Sierra Madre Occidental, Sierra Madre Oriental, Transmexican Volcanic Belt, Sierra Madre del Sur and Chiapas Highlands provinces.  

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