scholarly journals Prévalence des troubles de santé mentale, motivation au traitement et pertinence des suivis thérapeutiques chez les délinquants sous surveillance dans le District Montréal métropolitain

Criminologie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manassé Bambonyé
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Professional Care ◽  
Receive Treatment

We have conducted a research on therapeutic follow-ups with delinquents on parole, in Metropolitan Montreal, by analyzing the following characteristics: the clientele's professional care, the proportion of subjects who use the therapeutic follow-ups during their jail term and parole, the relevance of treatment, and the beneficiary's legal status of parole. According to our results, 81% of the subjects had classified clinical diagnostics at DSM III-R; 23,33% for double diagnostics; 14% for substance abuse and 6,67% for mood swings. 85,3% of the clients receive treatment given by psychologists, making it the most popular. Officers estimate that therapeutic follow-ups are pertinent in 91,9% of the cases, when the treatments are given to individuals with behavior problems or mental health disorders, and in 86,6% of the cases, when dealing with clients who are less motivated to take treatment. The results also show that 61,3% of the subjects were involved in therapeutic follow-ups in the last months of incarceration. This percentage proves that subjects who receive psychological treatments during their incarceration are the most likely to continue during parole. Generally speaking, the results were very encouraging and contradict some statements to the effect that there is a lack of motivation in delinquents and that therapeutic follow-ups offered to parole clientele are impertinent. Results also show that the clientele who remains in psychological treatment is motivated to continue the treatment and that these follow-ups are considered pertinent by the clientele.

7 Virtual reality (VR) for the treatment of mental health disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. e3.2-e3
Author(s):  
Daniel Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Clinical Psychologist ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Computer Environment ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Problematic Situations

Daniel Freeman is an NIHR Research Professor and Professor of Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, a consultant clinical psychologist in Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, a fellow of University College Oxford, and leads the Oxford Cognitive Approaches to Psychosis (O-CAP) research group at the University of Oxford.Daniel has been working with virtual reality (VR) since 2001 and is a founder of Oxford VR, a University of Oxford spinout company.Mental health disorders are very common, but far too few people receive the best treatments. Much greater access to the best psychological treatments may be achieved using automated delivery in virtual reality (VR). With virtual reality simulations, individuals can repeatedly experience problematic situations and be taught, via evidence-based psychological treatments, how to overcome difficulties. A key advantage of VR is that individuals know that a computer environment is not real but their minds and bodies behave as if it is real; hence, people will much more easily face difficult situations in VR than in real life and be able to try out new therapeutic strategies. VR treatments can also be made much more engaging and appealing for patients than traditional therapies. A systematic programme of work developing and testing automated VR psychological treatments will be described, with a particular focus on the gameChange (www.gameChangeVR.com) project for schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Adaptive Elements in Internet-Delivered Psychological Treatment Systems: Systematic Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Kumar Mukhiya ◽  
Jo Dugstad Wake ◽  
Yavuz Inal ◽  
Ka I Pun ◽  
Yngve Lamo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Information Architecture ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Health Disorders

BACKGROUND Internet-delivered psychological treatments (IDPTs) are built on evidence-based psychological treatment models, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, and are adjusted for internet use. The use of internet technologies has the potential to increase access to evidence-based mental health services for a larger proportion of the population with the use of fewer resources. However, despite extensive evidence that internet interventions can be effective in the treatment of mental health disorders, user adherence to such internet intervention is suboptimal. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to (1) inspect and identify the adaptive elements of IDPT for mental health disorders, (2) examine how system adaptation influences the efficacy of IDPT on mental health treatments, (3) identify the information architecture, adaptive dimensions, and strategies for implementing these interventions for mental illness, and (4) use the findings to create a conceptual framework that provides better user adherence and adaptiveness in IDPT for mental health issues. METHODS The review followed the guidelines from Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The research databases Medline (PubMed), ACM Digital Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane were searched for studies dating from January 2000 to January 2020. Based on predetermined selection criteria, data from eligible studies were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 3341 studies were initially identified based on the inclusion criteria. Following a review of the title, abstract, and full text, 31 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected, most of which described attempts to tailor interventions for mental health disorders. The most common adaptive elements were feedback messages to patients from therapists and intervention content. However, how these elements contribute to the efficacy of IDPT in mental health were not reported. The most common information architecture used by studies was tunnel-based, although a number of studies did not report the choice of information architecture used. Rule-based strategies were the most common adaptive strategies used by these studies. All of the studies were broadly grouped into two adaptive dimensions based on user preferences or using performance measures, such as psychometric tests. CONCLUSIONS  Several studies suggest that adaptive IDPT has the potential to enhance intervention outcomes and increase user adherence. There is a lack of studies reporting design elements, adaptive elements, and adaptive strategies in IDPT systems. Hence, focused research on adaptive IDPT systems and clinical trials to assess their effectiveness are needed.

Abstract 12679: Impact of Mental Health Disorders on Ventricular Assist Device Supported Patients Emergency Resource Use and Outcomes

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J Edwards ◽  
Jonathan Edelson ◽  
Hannah Katcoff ◽  
Antara Mondal ◽  
Debra Lefkowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Health Disorders

Introduction: There are minimal data describing the prevalence of mental health disorders (MHDO) in VAD-supported patients, or the association between MHDO and resource use or outcomes. Methods: This retrospective analysis utilizes all emergency department (ED) encounter-level data from the 2010-2017 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). Patients with VADs were identified using ICD-9/10 codes, as were associated MHDO diagnoses, which were categorized as depression/anxiety, suicide/self harm, bipolar/psychoses, and substance abuse. Outcomes and characteristics were compared for patients with and without a MHDO via descriptive statistics. Hospital admission and mortality occurring in ED or inpatient was investigated with logistic multivariable regression models adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics. Results: Of the 47,543 encounters with VADs during the study period, 23% (n=11,103) had at least one MHDO. Depression/anxiety (82%) and substance abuse (22%) were the most prevalent MHDOs. Suicide attempt or self harm was the primary diagnosis for 20 (0.2%) encounters. Patients with MHDOs were more likely to be female (31% vs. 26%), younger (median age 59 vs. 61 years), and to have a non-MHDO chronic condition (77% vs 70%, P<0.0001 for all). Inpatient admission rates (79% vs. 59%) and charges ($33,421 (95% CI 15,074-73,517) vs. $21,346 (95% CI 5,290-56,910) were higher for those with MHDOs (both p<0.0001, Figure). However, mortality (2.0% vs. 3.3%, p=0.003) was lower. After adjusting for age, gender, and non-MHDO diagnoses, patients with MHDOs had higher admission rates (OR 2.3 (95% CI 1.8-2.9), p<0.001) and lower mortality (OR 0.63 (95% CI 0.42-0.94), p=0.03). Discussion: 1 in 5 VAD-supported ED patient encounters also have a MHDO diagnosis. VAD-supported patients with a MHDO had higher resource use but lower mortality. These data underscore the need for greater attention to how MHDO may impact outcomes in VAD-supported patients.

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