scholarly journals Describing Phraseological Devices in Medical Abstracts: An English/Spanish Contrastive Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belén López-Arroyo ◽  
Beatriz Méndez-Cendón
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Genre Studies ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Rhetorical Structure ◽  
Technical Writers ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Abstract Genre studies have been mainly focused on the rhetorical structure of research papers. However, genre theorists have not systematically studied either relationships among related genres or interlingual studies between genres. The present study aims at describing and comparing the rhetorical and phraseological structures of abstracts in English and Spanish in order to observe how information is rendered in the two languages under analysis. Our methodology is descriptively performed on a comparable corpus of abstracts in the field of diagnostic imaging and published in well-reputed journals. We will determine composition strategies by means of a semantic and functional approach so as to establish their similarities and differences in this genre. Our results will be primarily of help to translators, technical writers and ESP students to better understand some of the discourse aspects of rendering scientific information in both languages.

Intralinguistic analysis of medical research papers and abstracts

Terminology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Méndez-Cendón ◽  
Belén López Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Technical Writers ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Different Levels

Studies related to ESP genres have been carried out lately focusing on different levels of analysis, such as internal ordering, lexico-grammatical patterns or terminology. However, there are not many studies combining different levels of analysis so as to observe how information is rendered in scientific genres. The present study intends to offer a description of rhetorical and phraseological patterns observed in medical research papers and abstracts using a semantic and functional approach. Our methodology is descriptively performed on a comparable corpus composed of research papers and abstracts in the field of diagnostic imaging and published in esteemed journals. We will determine composition strategies by means of the description of the authors’ favourite structures found in our corpus. Once these favourite structures have been obtained for every genre, we will proceed with semantic analysis so as to establish their similarities and differences. Our results will, primarily, help translators, technical writers and ESP students to infer discursive strategies in these genres, as well as to better understand some of the discourse aspects of rendering scientific information in general.

scholarly journals Object-oriented perception: towards a contrastive approach to evidentiality in media discourse

Kalbotyra ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (69) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Elena Domínguez Romero
Keyword(s):  
Object Oriented ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Perception Verbs ◽  
Similarities And Differences

This paper is a corpus-based study of the evidential realisations of object-oriented perception verbs in English and Spanish written and oral media discourse. The main aim of the study is to analyse and compare the different uses and complementation patterns taken by the English words look and sound and their Spanish counterparts se ve and suena. The procedure followed involves a contrastive analysis methodology: (i) description of data, (ii) juxtaposition and (iii) contrast. The data has been taken from oral and written media discourse corpora in English and Spanish. The study has revealed interesting similarities and differences in the uses and complementation patterns adopted by object-oriented perception verbs in both written and oral English and Spanish, thus making a contribution to a debate in which Spanish has been obviated to date.

scholarly journals LOVE in English and Polish

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Brożyna Reczko
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Abstract Concept ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
British National Corpus ◽  
National Corpus

LOVE in English and PolishThe paper presents a sample contrastive analysis of the linguistic picture of love in English and Polish. The material used in the survey is drawn from lexicographic data, including the British National Corpus and Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego [National Corpus of Polish]. The paper focuses on the similarities and differences in conceptualizing the abstract concept of love in the English and Polish languages. An analytical method, developed by Bartmiński and associates, serves as the theoretical basis for the reconstruction of the linguistic picture of the world. MIŁOŚĆ w języku angielskim i polskimNiniejszy artykuł to próba kontrastywnego porównania językowego obrazu świata MIŁOŚCI w języku angielskim i polskim. Materiał badawczy pochodzi głównie ze źródeł leksykograficznych: słowników oraz korpusów (Narodowego Korpusu Języka Polskiego oraz z korpusu języka angielskiego British National Corpus). Celem badania było poszukiwanie podobieństw i różnic w konceptualizacji MIŁOŚCI w tych dwóch językach. Metoda badawcza została zaczerpnięta z prac J. Bartmińskiego i dotyczy rekonstrukcji językowego obrazu świata różnych pojęć.

EVALUATION OF CITATION TRENDS BY ANALYSING PAPERS OF AN ISSUE OF THE JOURNAL SCIENTOMETRICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Sergei Egerev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Middle Group ◽  
Publishing Policy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The citation indicators of the research papers, published in a random issue of the journal Scientometrics , are analyzed. These papers, published at the same date, can be correctly ranked according to the citations accumulated by May 1, 2021. A significant variation in the citation of the papers was found. The article analyzes both the subject matter and structure of the leading papers, papers from the middle group, as well as papers from the outsider group. It is shown that the largest citation values are achieved by the papers dealing with gender issues in science, the development of methods for processing large amounts of scientific information, as well as issues of publication and publishing policy. The relationship between citation and demand for articles is investigated.

The construction of attitudinal stance

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pérez Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Working Procedure

This paper is a corpus-based contrastive study of the realization of negative attitudinal stance in English and Spanish discourse through the use of evaluative adjectives. The main aim of the study is to analyse and compare the grammatical patterns in which negative evaluative adjectives occur in each language and discuss the observed cross-linguistic differences in terms of the effects that alternative linguistic realizations have in the construction of evaluative discourse. The working procedure follows a contrastive analysis methodology: description of empirical data, juxtaposition and contrast. The descriptive data have been extracted from a large comparable corpus of English and Spanish newspaper opinion discourse. The study has revealed interesting similarities and differences in the construction of Attitude in each language, which are inferred by contrasting its surface structural features.

A contrastive analysis of absolute constructions in French, German and Norwegian

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Hobæk Haff
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
General Question ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The One ◽  
Germanic Languages ◽  
Matrix Subject

This paper is an exploration of similarities and differences concerning absolute constructions in French, German and Norwegian. In the first part, I have examined a more general question raised by these constructions: the connections between these types of absolute constructions and the matrix subject. I have shown that the means by which the absolute constructions are related to the subject can be morphosyntactic, semantic and pragmatic. The second part contains a purely contrastive analysis. Two issues have been examined: on the one hand, the absolute constructions and their congruent and non-congruent correspondences, on the other, the use of determiners. Essentially, French is different from the two Germanic languages, but similarities also exist between French and German, which are the center of a European Sprachbund.

scholarly journals Der Gebrauch des Perfekts – Ein Erklärungsmodell aus thailändischer Perspektive

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Korakoch Attaviriyanupap
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Perfective Aspect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Speech Time ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Present Tense

In grammar and textbooks of German as a foreign language the German perfect tense (Perfekt) is mostly presented as an alternative to the preterite tense (Präteritum). However, the German perfect tense itself deserves greater attention due to its wide range of usages. This tense can mark events with reference points located either before, simultaneous with and even after the speech time. For Thai learners of German it has been established that difficulties in learning how to use the German perfect tense are not primarily concerned with problems of choosing between the perfect and the preterite but rather between the perfect tense and the present tense. This paper focuses on the aspect of "completeness", comparable to the perfective aspect, leading to different effects in the usage of the German perfect. Since German is mostly learned as a second foreign language after English, a contrastive analysis of similarities and differences between the perfect tenses in English and German have to be included in the analysis. In the conclusion, a possible description of the German perfect tense for learners of German as a foreign language is suggested.

scholarly journals Contrastive Analysis of British and American English in Relation To Teaching English as a Foreign Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 2367-2372
Author(s):  
Novalina Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Research Finding ◽  
American English ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
British English ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research was a descriptive research which was aimed at finding out the similarities, dissimilarities and the contributions of the contrastive analysis on teaching English as a foreign language. The data of this research were collected through library and internet sources. The researchers use comparative descriptive method to analyse the data. The obtained results was the comparison of American and British English in vocabulary, grammar, spelling, pronunciation and the contributions of them in teaching English as a foreign language. The research finding shows that British and American English are very similar in many aspects. Even though British and American English are mostly similar, they also have some differences. The difference of British and American English can be found in terms of vocabulary, grammar, spelling and pronunciation. Among them, vocabulary is the largest one. It is suggested that lecturers and teachers aware of the similarities and differences between British and American English in teaching English as a foreign language so that it will lead to the successful teaching of English including its varieties.

scholarly journals A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SENTENCES IN ENGLISH AND JAVANESE LANGUAGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitriyani Fitriyani ◽  
D.P. Ramendra ◽  
I.W. Swandana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Verb Phrase ◽  
Auxiliary Verbs ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
English Textbooks ◽  
Simple Sentences ◽  
Action Verbs

This research studied about English and Javanese simple sentences which aimed to find the similarities and differences between English simple sentences and Javanese language. This study is descriptive qualitative research that applied contrastive analysis as the methodology. The data were taken from English textbooks and Javanese magazines. The results of this study showed there were similarities and differences in English and Javanese language simple sentences. The similarities were (1) some of simple sentence have similar patterns were SP for verbal sentence and SPO patterns. (2) the major elements were subject and predicator. The differences were (1) Javanese language had SP pattern for nominal, adjectival, prepositional, and numeral sentence. While in English there was no pattern. (2) In English, predicator must be in verb phrase: auxiliary verbs, linking verbs, or action verbs. However, In Javanese language, the predicator of a sentence might be in verb phrase, adjectival phrase, and prepositional phrase.

scholarly journals CONTRASTIVEANALYSISOFENGLISHANDKAZAKHPHRASEOL OGYCLOSETOMEANING

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Zh.A. Sadirbekova ◽  
◽  
U.U. Beknazarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Main Language

Currently, it is interesting and relevant for linguists to understand the unknown aspects of the problems related to the Kazakh and English languages, their common patterns and features. One of the main language units that needed to be contributed to study is phraseology. In this paper, the similarities and differences of similar phraseologies are contrasted in different as aglutative Kazakh and analytical English languages. Kazakh and English does not belong to related group of family. It is considered depending on the types of phraseology in Kazakh and English6 the external identity of phraseological phrases, the semantic nature and their semantic integrity, and the meaning of phrases. Examples of phraseology are taken from the works of Kazakh and English poets and phrasal dictionaries. In addition, types and groups of phraseology, similarities and features of analogy types in both languages are described. Keywords: phraseological units,culture, verbal phraseology, contrastive analysis

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