scholarly journals Highlights of Translation Studies in China Since the Mid-Nineteenth Century

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouyi Fan
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
New Wave ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Past ◽  
Literature And Philosophy ◽  
Orderly Fashion ◽  
Training Schools

Abstract This article attempts to highlight the thoughts of some of the prominent figures in translation studies over the past hundred years or so. With the onset of the third wave in translation activities, some patriotic scholars called for the establishment of translator training schools to meet the challenges coming from the West, while others set about introducing Western literature and philosophy into China. In the course of translating, problems cropped up, translators and scholars began to argue about what criteria they should follow, what methods they should use, and how to judge the quality of translation. As China moved into a new era, translation activities boomed and translation studies flourished, all proceeding in an orderly fashion and on a mass scale. A new wave emerged, bringing China closer to the outside world.

EDUCATING WOMEN FOR DEVELOPMENT: THE ARAB HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2005 AND THE PROBLEM WITH WOMEN'S CHOICES

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fida J. Adely
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
New Era ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Endeavor ◽  
Nations Development

In the 1980s, after a decades-long emphasis on economic growth as the primary engine for development, a number of prominent economists and development practitioners heralded a new era in the conceptualization of development as primarily a human endeavor with improved life chances and quality of life as the proper end. Thus was coined the term “human development,” followed by subsequent efforts to delineate the essential dimensions of human development and the appropriate measures of a development endeavor that no longer had “growth” (and, more narrowly, increased income) as its primary indicator but now sought to measure human ends, capabilities, and opportunities. Of most prominence, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) took up this charge in the form of an annual global human development report, releasing the first one in 1990. Perhaps no other human development reports have received as much attention in the past few years as have the Arab human development reports.

scholarly journals A new era for the music industry: How new technologies and the internet affect the way music is valued and have an impact on output quality

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tassos Patokos
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
The Internet ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Past ◽  
Output Quality ◽  
Marketing Tool ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Since its early days, the Internet has been used by the music industry as a powerful marketing tool to promote artists and their products. Nevertheless, technology developments of the past ten years, and especially the ever-growing phenomenon of file sharing, have created the general impression that the Internet is responsible for a crisis within the industry, on the grounds that music piracy has become more serious than it has ever been. The purpose of this paper is to present the impact of new technologies and the Internet on the three main actors of the music industry: consumers, artists and record companies. It is claimed that the Internet has changed the way music is valued, and also, that it may have a direct effect on the quality of the music produced, as perceived by both artists and consumers alike.

Robotic Surgery Overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Nghĩa Lê ◽  
Vĩnh Hững Trần
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive Surgery ◽  
Robotic Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Invasive Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Outcomes ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Past

Tóm tắt Trong thập niên vừa qua, Robotic Surgery mở ra kỷ nguyên mới trong mọi chuyên ngành ngoại khoa giúp giảm tai biến, biến chứng trên người bệnh và tăng chất lượng kết quả sau mổ. Bài này trình bày lịch sử, sự phát triển và công dụng của Robotic surgery. Abstract Over the past decade, Robotic Surgery has opened a new era in all surgical specialties in helping reduceaccident, complications in caring the patientsand to improve the quality of postoperative outcomes. This article reviews the history, development,current and future applications of Robotic surgery. Keyword: Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS); Laparoscopic Technologies; Robotic Surgery

scholarly journals Item-based assessment of translation competence: Chimera of objectivity versus prospect of reliable measurement

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
June Eyckmans ◽  
Philippe Anckaert
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Summative Assessment ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
High Stake ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Many ◽  
Psychometric Quality

In the course of the past decade, scholars in Translation Studies have repeatedly expressed the need for more empirical research on translation assessment. Notwithstanding the many pleas for “objectivity” that have been voiced in the literature, the issue of reliability remains unaddressed. Although there is no consensus on the best method for measuring the quality of human or machine translations, it is clear that in both cases measurement error will need to be accounted for. This is especially the case in high-stake situations such as assessments that lead to translation competence being certified. In this article we focus on the summative assessment of translation competence in an educational context. We explore the psychometric quality of two assessment methods: the CDI method (Eyckmans, Anckaert, & Segers, 2009) and the PIE method (Kockaert & Segers, 2014; 2017; Segers & Kockaert, 2016). In our study, the reliability of both methods is compared empirically by scoring the same set of translations (n > 100) according to each method.

scholarly journals ARRIVING AT OPTIMAL COST FOR A SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT USING AN INTEGRATED LCA-SCM MODEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1193-1199
Author(s):  
Suparno Bhatta, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
New Era ◽  
Green Material ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sustainable Products ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Sustainable Product ◽  
The Cost

Globalization has unleashed a new era of prosperity in economic terms. This has completely changed our outlook towards lifestyle. The recent surge of consumption in the past few decades has led to the escalation in the production of goods which in turn puts a huge burden on the environment. The increasing over consumption of resources has created a sense of urgency to track the level of expenditure as well emissions from a product. One of the major concerns related to the development of green products is the cost factor that comes into play while sourcing the alternate green materials. Identifying the alternate green material increases the overall manufacturing cost for the company. There are a lot of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) models that look into the environmental quality of a product. Similarly, there are many Supply Chain Management (SCM) models that look into the cost of the product. However very few have researched the combination of both LCA and SCM. There is a need to establish a balance between the cost and the environmental quality of a product. This paper investigates the cost of manufacturing sustainable products by looking into existing LCA and SCM models.                       

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Exercise Capacity in Chronic Heart Failure

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina G Mentzer ◽  
Alex J Auseon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Future Therapy

Heart failure (HF) affects more than 5 million people and has an increasing incidence and cost burden. Patients note symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue that result in a decreased quality of life, which has not drastically improved over the past decades despite advances in therapies. The assessment of exercise capacity can provide information regarding patient diagnosis and prognosis, while doubling as a potential future therapy. clinically, there is acceptance that exercise is safe in hf and can have a positive impact on morbidity and quality of life, although evidence for improvement in mortality is still lacking. specific prescriptions for exercise training have not been developed because many variables and confounding factors have prevented research trials from demonstrating an ideal regimen. Physicians are becoming more aware of the indices and goals for hf patients in exercise testing and therapy to provide comprehensive cardiac care. it is further postulated that a combination of exercise training and pharmacologic therapy may eventually provide the most benefits to those suffering from hf.

Bioethics In Neurospinal Patient Care

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andi Asadul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Hippocratic Oath ◽  
Moral Vision ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Harvey Cushing ◽  
Sharp Focus ◽  
Realistic Approach ◽  
Cord Injury

Neurosurgery is among the newest of surgical disciplines, appearing in its modern incarnation at the dawn of twentieth century with the work of Harvey Cushing and contemporaries. Neurosurgical ethics involves challenges of manipulating anatomical locus of human identity and concerns of surgeons and patients who find themselves bound together in that venture.In recent years, neurosurgery ethics has taken on greater relevance as changes in society and technology have brought novel questions into sharp focus. Change of expanded armamentarium of techniques for interfacing with the human brain and spine— demand that we use philosophical reasoning to assess merits of technical innovations.Bioethics can be defined as systematic study of moral challenges in medicine, including moral vision, decisions, conduct, and policies related to medicine. Every surgeon should still take the Hippocratic Oath seriously and consider it a basic guide to follow good medical ethics in medical practice. It is simple and embodies three of the four modern bioethics principles – Respecting autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition often affecting young and healthy individuals around the world. Currently, scientists are pressured on many fronts to develop an all-encompassing “cure” for paralysis. While scientific understanding of central nervous system (CNS) regeneration has advanced greatly in the past years, there are still many unknowns with regard to inducing successful regeneration. A more realistic approach is required if we are interested in improving the quality of life of a large proportion of the paralyzed population in a more expedient time frame.

Menopausal hormone therapy and uterine cancer: the acceptability of the tandem

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
O V Yakushevskaya ◽  
S V Yureneva ◽  
A E Protasova ◽  
G N Khabas ◽  
M R Dumanovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Uterine Cancer ◽  
Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Cytostatic Treatment ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
The Past

The aim of the work is to conduct a systematic analysis of the available research results on the possibility of using menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in patients who successfully completed the treatment of endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and methods. The review includes data from foreign articles published in PubMed and Medline, and domestic works published on elibrary.ru over the past 40 years. Results. The results obtained allow us to consider MHT as an independent method of medical rehabilitation for women who have undergone EC. A clear patient profile should be established, allowing the use of this method, with strict adherence to health monitoring. Conclusion Patients who have successfully completed the treatment of EC require the creation of special rehabilitation conditions in the interests of maintaining health and quality of life and should be under the close attention of the doctor. Argumented approaches to the appointment of MHT in such patients will avoid complications associated with estrogen deficiency after surgery, radiation with or without systemic (cytostatic) treatment methods.

YEAR 2020: ON THE REMAINING REPRODUCTIVE THREATS AND THEIR NEUTRALIZATION ON THE WAYS TO IMPROVE STRATEGIC PLANNING AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY, THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AND ITS SECTORAL AND REGIONAL SUBSYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-53
Author(s):  
Yu.B. Vinslav
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Modernization

The article analyzes the main indicators of the evolution of the domestic economy and its industrial complex in the past year (in January — November 2019). It Identifies trends in this evolution, including negative trends that determine the preservation of reproductive threats in 2020: sluggishness, instability and low quality of economic growth. The main reasons for the fact that the objective resource capabilities of the macro level were clearly not used enough to effectively solve the urgent problems of technological modernization of the economy and increase people’s welfare are established. The main reason is the poor quality of public administration, including imperfect strategic planning and industrial policy; there is still no modern national innovation system in the country. Accordingly, recommendations for improving the quality of state regulation in its specified components are justified. The recommended measures, according to the author, will help the economy to move to a trajectory of rapid, sustainable and high-quality growth.

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