scholarly journals Iron deficiency anemia: current strategies for the diagnosis and management

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zühre Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Serum Iron Level ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Low Serum

Iron deficiency is one of the commonest nutritional deficiencies in the world. It is multifactorial and may be caused by lack of intake, blood loss and intestinal causes. Clinical features are highly variable, and most patients are asymptomatic. Typical laboratory features of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) include a hypochromic microcytic anemia, low serum iron level, high total iron binding capacity, low serum ferritin level. Usefulness of monitoring serum transferrin receptor level (sTfR) and hepcidin for identifying IDA have been examined in a few studies. Available data suggest that sTfR can potentially become a valuable tool for regular testing of patients in the future. Despite IDA is easily corrected with iron therapy, establishing the cause can be difficult, particularly in cases caused by disorders of iron transport. Education for clinician needs to focus on increasing awareness of the importance of failure respond to iron supplementation. The aim of this review was to outline the current strategies for the diagnosis and management of IDA in the light of the latest reports.

scholarly journals Effect of iron deficiency anemia on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
NL Madhikarmi ◽  
KRS Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants

Iron deficiency is one of the most widespread nutritional deficiencies in the world. Globally more than two billion people are suffering from iron deficiency anemia. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of a large number of factors known to be associated with oxidative stress. The case-control study determines the lipid peroxidation and antioxidants status in forty Iron deficiency anemia and forty healthy volunteers with their informed consent. All the parameters were assayed by spectrophotometric methods. Blood hemoglobin and plasma iron were decreased whereas total iron binding capacity was increased significantly in Iron deficiency anemia. The lipid peroxidation parameters like malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxide were significantly increased in Iron deficiency anemia. Both enzymatic; glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase and non-enzymatic antioxidants; vitamin C, E and reduced glutathione were significantly decreased in Iron deficiency anemia case as compared to their healthy counterparts. Our findings suggest, increased lipid peroxidation products and reduced antioxidants system boost the oxidative stress state, hence deteriorating the condition of Iron deficiency anemia patients. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-7,No-4, 34-43 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v7i4.6739

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RECURRENT APHTHOUS STOMATITIS WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Nurdiana Nurdiana ◽  
Pocut Astari
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Serum Iron Level ◽  
Significant Difference

Recurrent aphtous stomatitisis a recurrent oral ulcer. Clinically recurrent aphtous stomatitis is easy to diagnose, but its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear because it has no single or specific cause. The main predisposing factors associated with recurrent aphtous stomatitis are genetic factors, hematological and immunologic abnormalities, local factors such as trauma, and smoking cessation. Several studies have shown that hematological abnormalities can affect the oral mucosa and cause recurrent aphtous stomatitis. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between recurrent aphthous stomatitis and iron deficiency anemia, as well as the relationship between recurrent aphthous stomatitis and hematological status. The subjects consist of 59 recurrent aphtous stomatitis patients and 60 control patients. A full blood examination was carried out for all subjects. Hemoglobin level, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and serum iron level are determined for each subject.The result of this study showed that there is no significant difference in hemoglobin level, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and serum iron level with p-value of 0.714, 0.395, 0.809, 0.497, and 0.368, respectively. The result also showed that there is no significant difference in iron deficiency anemia status between the recurrent aphtous stomatitis and control group (p = 0,7). Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no relationship between iron deficiency anemia and recurrent aphtous stomatitis incidence.

scholarly journals Effect of Emblica Officinalis (amloki) on iron status in pregnant women with iron deficiency anaemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Tahmina Akter ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Emblica Officinalis

Background: Common clinical practice of prescribing Iron supplementation for Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnancy is associated with a number of side effects. Emblica officinalis (amloki) is a well known dietary supplement used by traditional practitioners to treat anemia. Objective: To evaluate the effects of oral supplementation of Emblica officinalis on iron status in pregnant women with IDA. Methods: This prospective interventional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College (DMC), Dhaka from July 2016 to June 2017 on 43 pregnant women aged 18 to 36 years between 13th to 20th weeks of gestation with IDA. They were recruited from the Out-patient department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, DMC Hospital. Among them 24 were supplemented with amloki and iron (IAS) and 19 women received only iron supplementation (IS). Study variables were estimated at the baseline and after 45 days of supplementation. Serum iron, ferritin and Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were estimated following standard laboratory methods. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. Paired and Unpaired Student’s t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Serum iron levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) and serum TIBC were significantly lower (p<0.001) in both groups after supplementation compared to their baseline value. But post supplementation serum ferritin level was significantly higher (p<0.01) only in IAS group compared to that of the baseline. Again, after intervention, serum iron level was significantly higher (p<0.05) and serum TIBC was significantly lower (p<0.01) in IAS group when compared with those of IS group. Conclusions: Data concluded that oral Emblica officinalis supplement along with iron was more effective than only iron supplementation to improve serum iron status in pregnant women with IDA. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, June; 14(1): 1-6

scholarly journals Serum Iron Level as a Potential Predictor of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity and Mortality: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Zhao ◽  
Jucun Huang ◽  
Dan Dai ◽  
Yuwei Feng ◽  
Liming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Serum Iron Level ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract Background Various types of pulmonary diseases are associated with iron deficiency. However, information on iron status in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is scarce. Methods This study included 50 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19. The role of serum iron in predicting severity and mortality of COVID-19 was evaluated. Results The most common symptoms of COVID-19 patients in this study were cough (82%), fever (64%), and chest distress (42%). Of the 50 patients, 45 (90%) patients had abnormally low serum iron levels (&lt;7.8 μmol/L). The severity of COVID-19 was negatively correlated with serum iron levels before and after treatment and was positively correlated with C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, urea nitrogen, and myoglobin levels. Decreased serum iron level could predict the transition of COVID-19 from mild to severe and critical illness. Seven (53.8%) patients with a lower serum iron level after treatment in the critical group had died. There was a significant difference in posttreatment serum iron levels between COVID-19 survivors and nonsurvivors. Conclusions Serum iron deficiency was detected in the patients with COVID-19. The severity and mortality of the disease was closely correlated with serum iron levels. Low serum iron concentration was an independent risk factor for death in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Consensus Statement by an Expert Panel on the Diagnosis and Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-381
Author(s):  
Aamer Aleem ◽  
Faisal Alsayegh ◽  
Satish Keshav ◽  
Abdulrahman Alfadda ◽  
Ahmad Awad Alfadhli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

Immunological Measurement of Transferrin Compared with Chemical Measurement of Total Iron-Binding Capacity

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1063-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swei H Tsung ◽  
Waldemar A Rosenthal ◽  
Karen A Milewski
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Total Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
Birth Control Pills ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Abstract Because of uncertainty as to the molecular weight of transferrin, a previous comparison [Von der Heul et al., Clin. Chim. Acta 38, 347 (1972)] between transferrin content of serum and total iron-binding capacity cannot be definitive. We found a conversion factor for expressing transferrin as iron-binding capacity by measuring the maximum amount of iron bound by 1 mg of transferrin. We compared the resulting calculated value with values obtained by three other methods for measuring total iron-binding capacity. We agree with the previous observation that the latter, as measured radioisotopically, give higher results than would be judged from the transferrin content but the same as those for two chemical methods. The diffusion rate of transferrin in agar was the same irrespective of the degree of iron saturation. Serum transferrin concentrations were low in patients with anemia resulting from malignancy, chronic disorders, and cirrhosis of the liver, and high or normal in patients with iron deficiency anemia and in pregnant women or women who were taking birth-control pills. Measurement of transferrin concentration can be used to distinguish iron deficiency anemia from anemia resulting from chronic disorders, but offers no advantages over existing methods for estimating total ironbinding capacity.

scholarly journals Prevalence and causes of iron deficiency anemias in infants aged 9 to 12 months in Estonia

Medicina ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neve Vendt ◽  
Heli Grünberg ◽  
Sirje Leedo ◽  
Vallo Tillmann ◽  
Tiina Talvik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Ferritin Concentration

Objective. To investigate the prevalence and causes of iron deficiency anemia in infants aged 9 to 12 months in Estonia. Material and methods. Every second child aged 9–12 months was randomly selected from primary medical centers in seven counties from all over Estonia. A questionnaire concerning eating habits and lifestyle was sent to their parents. Sixty-five percent (n=195) of contacted families agreed to participate in the study. Mean corpuscular volume and hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and soluble transferrin receptor levels were measured in 171 infants. Anemia was defined when hemoglobin level was lower than 105 g/L, and iron deficiency when ferritin level and mean corpuscular volume were lower than 12 µg/L and 74 fL, respectively. Results. The prevalence of iron deficiency was 14.0% and iron deficiency anemia 9.4%. Birthweight less than 3000 g was the main risk factor for iron deficiency (OR=9.4; P<0.0005). Infants fed with breast milk and solid food had lower ferritin concentration (18.5 µg/L, 95% CI 14.0–23.0) than infants fed with formula and solid food (32.8 µg/L, 95% CI 26.6–39) (P<0.005). Conclusion. Iron deficiency anemia is common among 9–12-month-old Estonian infants. The main risk factor for iron deficiency was birthweight less than 3000 g.

scholarly journals Lactoferrin Levels in the Gastric Tissue ofHelicobacter pylori-Positive and -Negative Patients and Its Effect on Anemia

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaşar Doğan ◽  
Tülay Erkan ◽  
Zerrin Önal ◽  
Merve Usta ◽  
Gülen Doğusoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Antral Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Tissue ◽  
Negative Controls

Aim. To determine gastric tissue lactoferrin (Lf) levels ofHelicobacter pylori-(Hp-) positive and -negative patients and its effect on anemia.Methods. Cases in which initial presentation was of abdominal pain and that were Hp-positive at endoscopy were included. Hp-positive cases and -negative controls were divided into two groups.Results. The study included 64 cases (average: years, 39 male and 25 female). Lf levels were subsequently studied on 61 cases. 45 (73.8%) of these were Hp-positive, while 16 (22.2%) were Hp-negative. In Hp-positive cases, mean staining percentages and density of glands in the antral mucosa were % and , respectively. Hp-negative cases showed significantly different values of % and , respectively. Hemoglobin and serum ferritin values of Hp-positive cases were /dL and /mL, but these were comparable with Hp-negative cases (/dL and /mL).Conclusions.Tissue Lf was significantly higher in Hp-positive cases compared to Hp-negative cases, but no difference was observed between the two groups with regards to hemoglobin and ferritin level. As a result, it is difficult to say that this rise in Lf plays a role in the development of iron deficiency anemia in Hp-positive patients.

Investigation of ischemia modified albumin levels in iron deficiency anemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibel Bilgili ◽  
Giray Bozkaya ◽  
Funda Kırtay Tütüncüler ◽  
Murat Akşit ◽  
Mehmet Yavuz
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anemia Group

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), before and after oral iron supplementation in iron deficiency anemia and to determine the correlations between IMA and hemoglobin values.Study design:IMA, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, ferritin, iron, total iron binding capacity and albumin levels were measured in 140 female patients with newly established as iron deficiency anemia before and after treatment and in 84 female healthy controls.Results:IMA levels were higher in the anemia group [0.340±0.082 absorbance units (ABSU)] compared to control group (0.291±0.077 ABSU). After oral iron therapy we saw that IMA values (0.392±0.080 ABSU) were higher than the IMA levels of the anemia group and the control group (p<0.05). Only in the anemia group there were negative correlations between IMA and hemoglobin, hematocrit.Conclusion:We conclude that the high levels of IMA in the anemia group might be attributed to hypoxia due to low hemoglobin levels. Iron is an oxidant element and oral iron supplementation may be associated with oxidative stress and may increase IMA levels by changing the albumin molecule. We thought that, IMA can be demonstrative of the severity of anemia since it was correlated with hemoglobin in the anemia group.

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