scholarly journals Long-Term Data from Fields Recovering after Sugarcane, Banana, and Pasture Cultivation in Ecuador

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall W. Myster
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Crop Types ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Maquipucuna Reserve ◽  
Term Data

I report here on an ongoing permanent plot study in areas recovering from agriculture in Ecuador. These plots were set up in 1995 at Maquipucuna Reserve where the forest is tropical lower montane. The study consists of replicate fields in three past crop types (Sugarcane, Banana, and Pasture) for a total of six fields. Each field was first divided into 25 continuous 2 m × 5 m subplots which together form a 10 m × 25 m plot with the longest side bordering the adjacent forest. Then starting in 1996, and continuing annually every year since, each subplot has been sampled for percent cover of all plants and diameter at breast height (dbh) for all trees whose dbh is greater than or equal to 1 cm. I have used that data in these published studies: (1) species composition and life form, richness, and basal area trends, (2) computation of all positive and negative pairwise species associations, (3) relationships between richness and productivity over time, (4) dominance-diversity curves, and (5) definition and quantification of old field plant communities. Finally with the help of the LTER program in Puerto Rico, this sampling continues, with 2012 marking the sixteenth year of continuous annual sampling.

scholarly journals Methodology for the Re-location of Permanent Plot Markers Using Spatial Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin D. Small ◽  
Jeremy S. Wilson ◽  
Alan J. Kimball
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Dynamics ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Permanent Plot ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Spatial Coordinates ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Term Data

Abstract A well-designed method of establishing, maintaining, and remeasuring permanent plots plays an essential role in long-term data collection. This article describes the re-location of plots set up 25 years earlier using conventional techniques of paced distances and compass directions. As a result, we needed to design and use a method for re-locating plot markers originally established without the benefit of spatial coordinates. Preplanned ground searches using a GIS, digital orthophotoquads, landmark maps, and aerial photographs improved our plot location efficiency and success. In 2003, we were able to re-locate 90% of the plots set up in 1978 to measure the vegetation dynamics after a fire in Baxter State Park, Maine. The spatial coordinates of these permanent plots were documented for future measurement. Lessons learned and techniques developed for this project can facilitate the re-location of permanent plots in other studies and can also be used to improve the documentation of newly established plot locations.

scholarly journals Managing data recovery for Long Term Data Preservation

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 04012
Author(s):  
Stefano Dal Pra ◽  
Antonio Falabella ◽  
Enrico Fattibene ◽  
Pier Paolo Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Software Tools ◽  
Data Recovery ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Data Preservation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Term Data

In the latest years, CNAF worked at a project of Long Term Data Preservation (LTDP) for the CDF experiment, that ran at Fermilab after 1985. A part of this project has the goal of archiving data produced during Run I into recent and reliable storage devices, in order to preserve their availability for further access through not obsolete technologies. In this paper, we report and explain the work done to manage the process of retrieving the aforementioned data, which were stored into about four thousands 2.5/5GB 8mm tape cartridges of different producers, which were widely popular in the nineties. The hardware setup for tape reading is briefly detailed. Particular focus is on describing in-house software tools and backend database that have been set up to drive and orchestrate the tape readers and to deal with the high number of possible problems arising during the process of reading data from hardly reliable media. The outcome of each operation is accounted into the database, making possible to monitor the overall progress and to retry unsuccessful read attempts at a later stage. The implemented solution has proved effective at reading a first 20% of the total amount. The process is currently ongoing. Even though a few aspects of this work are strictly dependant on how the CDF experiment organized its datasets, we believe that several decisions taken and the overall organization still make sense on a variety of use cases, where a relevant amount of data has to be retrieved from obsolete media.

scholarly journals Stand-level windthrow patterns and long-term dynamics of surviving trees in natural secondary stands after a stand-replacing windthrow event

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Shibuya ◽  
Satoshi Ishibashi
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Canopy Layer ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Initiation Stage

Abstract We examined typhoon windthrow patterns in stand-scale permanent plots within three natural forests and the long-term dynamics of surviving trees in two of these plots. The aim was to verify whether pre-disturbance composition and structure affected windthrow damage and stand recovery. The stands, which were in Hokkaido, the northernmost main island of Japan, differed in pre-disturbance composition (coniferous, mixed and broadleaved stands) and structure, and the basal area losses by the windthrow event were 81–93 per cent. Tree mortality was significantly related to tree size (diameter at breast height) and species. The windthrow patterns differed among the three stands; and, windthrow severity was affected by the pre-disturbance composition and structure. The mortality of trees that survived the windthrow event was ~60 per cent in the two plots. The surviving trees comprised a majority of the canopy layer in the secondary stands. The relative basal area of surviving trees decreased rapidly with increasing tree density in the stand initiation stage but differed between plots. Consequently, the pre-disturbance composition and structure influenced windthrow severity, stand recovery and secondary succession in the recovered stands.

Hydrogeological responses in tropical mountainous springs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Term Data

This study presents a hydrogeochemical analysis of spring responses (2013-2017) in the tropical mountainous region of the Central Valley of Costa Rica. The isotopic distribution of δ18O and δ2H in rainfall resulted in a highly significant meteoric water line: δ2H = 7.93×δ18O + 10.37 (r2=0.97). Rainfall isotope composition exhibited a strong dependent seasonality. The isotopic variation (δ18O) of two springs within the Barva aquifer was simulated using the FlowPC program to determine mean transit times (MTTs). Exponential-piston and dispersion distribution functions provided the best-fit to the observed isotopic composition at Flores and Sacramento springs, respectively. MTTs corresponded to 1.23±0.03 (Sacramento) and 1.42±0.04 (Flores) years. The greater MTT was represented by a homogeneous geochemical composition at Flores, whereas the smaller MTT at Sacramento is reflected in a more variable geochemical response. The results may be used to enhance modelling efforts in central Costa Rica, whereby scarcity of long-term data limits water resources management plans.

Morphometric studies of artemia males from different populations of the Altai region

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
L. Vesnina ◽  
G. Lukerina ◽  
T. Ronzhina ◽  
A. Savos’kin ◽  
D. Surkov
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Hydrogen Index ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Altai Region ◽  
Sexual Structure ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Artemia Population ◽  
Term Data ◽  
Brine Salinity

The long-term data from morphometric studies of Artemia males from bisexual and parthenogenetic populations from hyperhaline reservoirs of the Altai region (Bolshoe Yarovoe Lake, Maloe Shklo Lake, and the Tanatar Lakes system) is analyzed in this paper. The description of signs of sexual dimorphism and sexual structure in different populations is given. The influence of brine salinity and hydrogen index on morphometric parameters of males was analyzed. There are differences in the sexual structure of the Artemia population: in the lakes Maloe Shklo and the thanatar system, the populations are bisexual (the share of males is 28.5 — 75.0 %), in the lake Bolshoe yarovoe — parthenogenetic (the share of males on average does not exceed 3 %). At the same time, sexual dimorphism is typical for both types of populations: females are larger than males, males have a larger head (the distance between the eyes is greater by 15.5 %, the diameter of the eye is 26.1 %, the length of the antenna is 22.3 %) and a larger number of bristles (36.1 %). The greatest variability is observed in the parameters of the Furka structure associated with the salinity of water by feedback and the pH — line indicator. Significant differences between the samples of males were revealed. The largest number of significant differences in morphometric indicators was found between samples of males from bisexual populations (lake thanatar and lake Maloe Shklo), the smallest — between males from the parthenogenetic population of lake Bolshoe yarovoe and males from lake Maloe Shklo.

scholarly journals Effects of disk tillage on soil condition, crop yield and weed infestation

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
M. Birkás ◽  
T. Szalai ◽  
C. Gyuricza ◽  
M. Gecse ◽  
K. Bordás
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Levels

This research was instigated by the fact that during the last decade annually repeated shallow disk tillage on the same field became frequent practice in Hungary. In order to study the changes of soil condition associated with disk tillage and to assess it is consequences, long-term tillage field experiments with different levels of nutrients were set up in 1991 (A) and in 1994 (B) on Chromic Luvisol at Gödöllö. The effects of disk tillage (D) and disk tillage combined with loosening (LD) on soil condition, on yield of maize and winter wheat, and on weed infestation were examined. The evaluation of soil condition measured by cone index and bulk density indicated that use of disking annually resulted in a dense soil layer below the disking depth (diskpan-compaction). It was found, that soil condition deteriorated by diskpan-compaction decreased the yield of maize significantly by 20 and 42% (w/w), and that of wheat by 13 and 15% (w/w) when compared to soils with no diskpan-compaction. Averaged over seven years, and three fertilizer levels, the cover % of the total, grass and perennial weeds on loosened soils were 73, 69 and 65% of soils contained diskpan-compaction.

Diel, lunar and seasonal vertical migration in the deep western Gulf of Mexico evidenced from a long-term data series of acoustic backscatter

2021 ◽  
pp. 102562
Author(s):  
Laura Ursella ◽  
Sara Pensieri ◽  
Enric Pallàs-Sanz ◽  
Sharon Z. Herzka ◽  
Roberto Bozzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Acoustic Backscatter ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Term Data

scholarly journals Spectrum Based Power Management for Congested IoT Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2681
Author(s):  
Kedir Mamo Besher ◽  
Juan Ivan Nieto-Hipolito ◽  
Raymundo Buenrostro-Mariscal ◽  
Mohammed Zamshed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Channel Allocation ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Packet Routing ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Set Up

With constantly increasing demand in connected society Internet of Things (IoT) network is frequently becoming congested. IoT sensor devices lose more power while transmitting data through congested IoT networks. Currently, in most scenarios, the distributed IoT devices in use have no effective spectrum based power management, and have no guarantee of a long term battery life while transmitting data through congested IoT networks. This puts user information at risk, which could lead to loss of important information in communication. In this paper, we studied the extra power consumed due to retransmission of IoT data packet and bad communication channel management in a congested IoT network. We propose a spectrum based power management solution that scans channel conditions when needed and utilizes the lowest congested channel for IoT packet routing. It also effectively measured power consumed in idle, connected, paging and synchronization status of a standard IoT device in a congested IoT network. In our proposed solution, a Freescale Freedom Development Board (FREDEVPLA) is used for managing channel related parameters. While supervising the congestion level and coordinating channel allocation at the FREDEVPLA level, our system configures MAC and Physical layer of IoT devices such that it provides the outstanding power utilization based on the operating network in connected mode compared to the basic IoT standard. A model has been set up and tested using freescale launchpads. Test data show that battery life of IoT devices using proposed spectrum based power management increases by at least 30% more than non-spectrum based power management methods embedded within IoT devices itself. Finally, we compared our results with the basic IoT standard, IEEE802.15.4. Furthermore, the proposed system saves lot of memory for IoT devices, improves overall IoT network performance, and above all, decrease the risk of losing data packets in communication. The detail analysis in this paper also opens up multiple avenues for further research in future use of channel scanning by FREDEVPLA board.

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