scholarly journals UNINTENDED NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF CLIENT PROJECT COST CONTROLS: A SYSTEM DYNAMICS APPROACH

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Mutizwa Chitongo ◽  
Leon Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Cost Controls

A System Dynamics Model and Interface for the Simulation and Analysis of Milk Supply Chains

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-135
Author(s):  
Georgios Tsaples ◽  
Theodore Tarnanidis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
System Dynamics Model ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Milk Supply ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Interactive Approach ◽  
Adjustment Time

The objective of this chapter is the development of a System Dynamics model for the study of the milk supply chain and how an extreme event can affect its behavior. A simple interface is developed that can be used to increase the ease of communication and provide an interactive approach to the decision-making process. The model contains three echelons: farmers, processors and retailers. The main results show that under normal circumstances, the behavior of the system reaches equilibrium after a few oscillations. However, these oscillations can be smoothed out if the adjustment time of the order placement is increased. Under an extreme event that reduces the demand for milk, behavior changes and the system remains in dis-equilibrium for the entire simulation. Once again, adjustment times remain the leverages that can influence and mitigate those negative effects. Finally, a more robust and collaborative decision-making process among the actors of the chain could be beneficial for all not only under normal circumstances, but also in the presence of extreme uncertainty.

Based on the System Dynamics Construction Phase of the Project Cost Control Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 2691-2694
Author(s):  
Wen Zhou Yan ◽  
Peng Chen
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Cost Control ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Construction Project Management ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Management By Objectives ◽  
Control Feedback ◽  
The Impact

The traditional method of project cost control management by objectives based, is a passive expost control, and system dynamics model through the establishment of a strategiclevel description of the project, emphasizing the active control of project costs, focused on the complexity of factors that are difficult to accurately quantify analysis is an important complement to traditional methods. Construction phase of the project cost control of construction project management is one of the main construction phase of the construction project in accordance with established cost control feedback effect diagram, analyze the main factors affecting cost control, qualitative analysis of the impact of the construction phase of the project cost control various factors and cost control effect brought. Proven system dynamics approach applied in the construction phase of the project feasibility.

scholarly journals Simulation Modelling of Marine Diesel Engine Cooling System

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Stanivuk ◽  
Branko Lalić ◽  
Jelena Žanić Mikuličić ◽  
Marko Šundov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Engine Cooling

Every internal combustion engine operates on the principle of converting thermal energy into mechanical work. During fuel combustion in the engine cylinders, the heat is released. It also has its negative effects; one is overheating of the engine cylinders and the engine in general. Since the engine parts are made of metal with its own thermal characteristics, the optimal temperature must be achieved in order to protect the components from overheating and, thus, from undesirable consequences of overheating. For this purpose, cooling medium is used as a means of maintaining the optimum temperature. Keeping the system functional as long as possible and minimizing possible deviations are very complex and difficult tasks. The complexity of the marine cooling system requires finding the optimal modes of operation, which results in an increased use of simulation models. This paper indicates advantages of using system dynamics as a tool for simulating certain events in a very realistic and economically acceptable way to prevent negative consequences for the entire marine system. System dynamics became an indispensable segment of designing various systems as well as the diesel engine cooling system.

scholarly journals Project Cost Escalation Prediction Models Based on System Dynamics Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Suponco Wisnu Broto ◽  
Tri Joko Wahyu Adi ◽  
Erma Suryani ◽  
Jojok Widodo Soetjipto
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Project Cost

scholarly journals Analysis on the Influence of "Replacement of Business Tax by Value-added Tax" on the Cost of Highway Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanzhi Kou
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Highway Projects ◽  
Business Tax ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Vat Reform ◽  
Highway Project

The "Replacement of Business Tax by VAT reform" (hereby refer to as "VAT reform" for short) is a newly promulgated and implemented tax policy, and its impact on various industries in China is very different, and the highway project industry is no exception. The implementation of the "VAT reform" will not only have a positive impact on the cost of highway projects, but will also have some negative impacts. For this reason, highway project construction corporates must actively respond. The author explores and analyzes the positive and negative effects of the "VAT reform" on the cost of highway projects, and proposes a reform strategy for highway project cost work under the background of the "VAT reform", in hope of helping with bringing out the intrinsic value of highway project cost management work.

scholarly journals The Analysis of a Simulation of a Port–City Green Cooperative Development, Based on System Dynamics: A Case Study of Shanghai Port, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Lin ◽  
Huang
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Port City ◽  
City Development ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Cooperative Development ◽  
Waste Solid ◽  
Countermeasures And Suggestions

Ports are important network nodes for cargo transportation between cities and even countries, and they play vital roles in stimulating urban economies. However, at the same time, port production activities also consume various resources, such as water, electricity, coal, and land. In addition, ports inevitably produce waste—solid, water, gas, and other pollutants—which damages the environment of their hinterland cities, hindering the growth of urban GDP. Therefore, this study sought to build a reasonable system dynamics model to measure the positive and negative effects of ports on cities, and to put forward countermeasures and suggestions for promoting port–city green cooperative development. We selected Shanghai Port as a case study, estimated its parameters with 2010–2017 data, and tested the historical fitness of the model. We then carried out a scheme simulation by changing relevant parameters and comparing coordinated port–city development under different schemes. The simulation results show that increases in sea transportation activity and economic pull coefficients help to propel the growth of port–city GDP to a certain extent, but also cause environmental pollution and resource wastage. Therefore, effective energy-saving and emission-reduction measures are needed to achieve the coordinated development of economic growth and green environmental protection in ports and cities.

A System Dynamics Model and Interface for the Simulation and Analysis of Milk Supply Chains

2017 ◽  
pp. 311-335
Author(s):  
Georgios Tsaples ◽  
Theodore Tarnanidis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
System Dynamics Model ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Milk Supply ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Interactive Approach ◽  
Adjustment Time

The objective of this chapter is the development of a System Dynamics model for the study of the milk supply chain and how an extreme event can affect its behavior. A simple interface is developed that can be used to increase the ease of communication and provide an interactive approach to the decision-making process. The model contains three echelons: farmers, processors and retailers. The main results show that under normal circumstances, the behavior of the system reaches equilibrium after a few oscillations. However, these oscillations can be smoothed out if the adjustment time of the order placement is increased. Under an extreme event that reduces the demand for milk, behavior changes and the system remains in dis-equilibrium for the entire simulation. Once again, adjustment times remain the leverages that can influence and mitigate those negative effects. Finally, a more robust and collaborative decision-making process among the actors of the chain could be beneficial for all not only under normal circumstances, but also in the presence of extreme uncertainty.

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