scholarly journals Bioclimatic conditions and thermal seasons of the year in Szczecin

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-299
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Mąkosza
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Thermal Spring ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions

Climate change is an empirical fact evidenced by subsequent IPCC reports. The observed climate change is also manifested in the altered date of occurrence and duration of the seasons in a year. Variability of thermal conditions due to climate warming will have its toll on the bioclimatic conditions. The assessment of bioclimatic conditions was conducted with the use of Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). The present elaboration is based on hourly values of the following meteorological elements: air temperature, relative air humidity, wind speed and cloud cover. The meteorological data were obtained from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB) in Szczecin and cover the period 2000-2019. Variability of bioclimatic conditions is considered per periods corresponding to thermal seasons of the year as identified by the Gumiński (1948) method on the basis of monthly air temperature values. The analysed UTCI values with respect to thermal seasons indicate that mean UTCI values in the period 2000-2019 representative for thermal summer amount to 22.6°C, thermal spring 9,9°C, thermal autumn 8.4°C, thermal winter -10.4°C, early spring -4.6°C, and early winter -7.9°C. For the periods with identified lack of thermal winter, mean UTCI value was -6.6°C. The aim of the present paper is an attempt to assess the variability of biothermal conditions as calculated using the UTCI index against the thermal seasons of the year in Szczecin.

Reduktion von Hitzestress und Überflutungen im urbanen Raum durch Nutzung von Synergien bei Anpassungsmaßnahmen an den Klimawandel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alrun Jasper-Tönnies ◽  
Yannick Back ◽  
Peter Bach ◽  
Wolfgang Rauch ◽  
Thomas Einfalt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New York ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Universal Thermal Climate Index ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Revision Process ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions ◽  
Total Environment

<p>Unsere Städte sind kontinuierlichen Veränderungen unterworfen. Das Bevölkerungswachstum führt zu einem steigenden Bedarf an Wohn-, Gewerbe- und Verkehrsflächen und damit zu voranschreitender Versiegelung von natürlichen Flächen. Durch den Klimawandel sind unter anderem vermehrt auftretende Starkniederschläge, aber auch längere Trockenperioden und Hitzewellen zu erwarten (z.B. IPCC, 2014). Somit sehen sich Städte in naher Zukunft großen Herausforderungen ausgesetzt. Gleichzeitig sind Ressourcen für Anpassungsmaßnahmen begrenzt, und Flächen, die für Anpassungsmaßnahmen benötigt würden, stehen unter hoher Nutzungskonkurrenz. Vor diesem Hintergrund rücken Anpassungsmaßnahmen in den Vordergrund, die einen mehrfachen Nutzen aufweisen, wie dezentrale Entwässerungsmaßnahmen. Durch die Behandlung von Niederschlagswasser direkt vor Ort können gleichzeitig Grünflächen und Schattenplätze geschaffen, sowie Infiltration, Evapotranspiration und die Speicherung von Wasser gesteigert werden. Neben einer Entlastung des städtischen Abwassersystems kommt es damit auch zu einer Verbesserung des urbanen Mikroklimas und zu einer Minderung von Hitzeinseln. Die Auswirkung dezentraler Entwässerungssysteme auf das urbane Mikroklima wurde hier am Beispiel der Stadt Innsbruck näher untersucht. Zukünftige Klimaänderungen wurden anhand von Beobachtungsdaten und regionalen Klimaprojektionen aus EURO-CORDEX/ReKliEs unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener RCP-Szenarien (Abb. 1, 2) abgeschätzt. Indikatoren wie der Universal Thermal Climate Index wurden mittels eines vereinfachten Ansatzes in Abhängigkeit von lokalen Standorteigenschaften in einem GIS (Geoinformationssystem) simuliert (Back et al., 2020). Dieser Ansatz dient der Analyse urbaner Hitze auf mehreren Maßstabsebenen und kann unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener RCP-Szenarien durchgeführt werden (Abb. 3). Eine Koppelung dieses Ansatzes mit einem Ansatz nach Simperler et al. (2018), zur Differenzierung städtischer Strukturtypen und ihrer Potenziale und Einschränkungen für die dezentrale Niederschlagswasserbehandlung, soll prioritäre Gebiete zur Einbettung optimierter Anpassungsmaßnahmen lokalisieren und dadurch Synergieeffekte fördern. Diese Arbeit ist Teil der Projekte CONQUAD (Projekt Nr. KR16AC0K13143) und cool-INN (Projekt Nr. KR19SC0F14953), welche vom Österreichischen Klima- und Energiefonds gefördert werden.</p><p><strong>Literatur</strong></p><p>Back, Y., Bach, P.M., Jasper-Tönnies, A., Rauch, W. und Kleidorfer, M. (2020). A rapid fine-scale approach to modelling urban bioclimatic conditions. Science of the Total Environment. Revision Process.</p><p>Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2014). Summary for policymakers. IN: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II of the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1-32.</p><p>Simperler, L., Himmelbauer, P., Stöglehner, G. und Ertl, T. (2018). Siedlungswasserwirtschaftliche Strukturtypen und ihre Potenziale für die dezentrale Bewirtschaftung von Niederschlagswasser. Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, Wien.</p><p><img src="https://contentmanager.copernicus.org/fileStorageProxy.php?f=gnp.8dc32f38488f51196672061/sdaolpUECMynit/21-TKD&app=m&a=0&c=b90baff20f885e52746c33cca59e5d0c&ct=x&pn=gnp.elif" alt="" width="525" height="378"></p><p><img src="https://contentmanager.copernicus.org/fileStorageProxy.php?f=gnp.9cad14f6488f50856672061/sdaolpUECMynit/21-TKD&app=m&a=0&c=381acd600b8ccddf546902279086aa4b&ct=x&pn=gnp.elif" alt="" width="433" height="291"></p><p><img src="https://contentmanager.copernicus.org/fileStorageProxy.php?f=gnp.3eefdc36488f56936672061/sdaolpUECMynit/21-TKD&app=m&a=0&c=ee59c3cd5d6e5663a3d4c996da0683b7&ct=x&pn=gnp.elif" alt=""></p>

scholarly journals The Universal Thermal Climate Index as an Operational Forecasting Tool of Human Biometeorological Conditions in Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-208
Author(s):  
Claudia Di Napoli ◽  
Alessandro Messeri ◽  
Martin Novák ◽  
João Rio ◽  
Joanna Wieczorek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Universal Thermal Climate Index ◽  
Thermal Climate

AbstractIn operational weather forecasting standard environmental parameters, such as air temperature and humidity, are traditionally used to predict thermal conditions in the future. These parameters, however, are not enough to describe the thermal stress induced by the outdoor environment to the human body as they neglect the human heat budget and personal characteristics (e.g. clothing). The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) overcomes these limitations by using an advanced thermo-physiological model coupled with a state-of-the-art clothing model. Several systems have been recently developed to operationally forecast human biometeorological conditions via the UTCI, i.e. by computing UTCI from the forecasts of air temperature, humidity, wind speed and radiation as provided by numerical weather prediction models. Here we describe the UTCI-based forecasting systems developed in Czech Republic, Italy, Poland, Portugal and at the pan-European scale. Their characteristics are illustrated and their potential as warning systems for thermal hazards discussed.

UTCI as the NWP model ALADIN (CHMI) output – first experiences

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-249
Author(s):  
Martin Novák
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Universal Thermal Climate Index ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Weather Forecasters ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Nwp Model

The article includes a summary of basic information about the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) calculation by the numerical weather prediction (NWP) model ALADIN of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI). Examples of operational outputs for weather forecasters in the CHMI are shown in the first part of this work. The second part includes results of a comparison of computed UTCI values by ALADIN for selected place with UTCI values computed from real measured meteorological data from the same place.

scholarly journals Universal thermal climate index in Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Universal Thermal Climate Index ◽  
Environment Temperature ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Actual Environment ◽  
Almost All

The paper uses the universal thermal climate index (UTCI) to estimate the bioclimate in Russia, initiated by the Commission of the International society of Biometeorology. The UTCI index can be described as equivalent environment temperature (°C), which provides the same physiological impact on humans as the actual environment. Assessment of bioclimatic conditions is shown for the territory of Russia in the period of modern climate change (2001–2015). Cold stress conditions (from low to extreme) were observed in the almost all territory of Russia for about 8–11 months a year. During the rest of the year, the conditions are neutral or comfortable. The period of extreme and very high cold stress is reduced during the modern climate warming (compared to the period 1961–1990), especially in the Arctic, in the European part of Russia, in Western and Eastern Siberia. At the same time, the period with neutral and comfortable thermal conditions increases.

scholarly journals The evaluation of biothermal conditions for various forms of climatic therapy based on UTCI adjusted for activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Lindner-Cendrowska ◽  
Peter Bröde
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activities ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Universal Thermal Climate Index ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
Adjustment Procedure ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Health Resorts ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions

The objective of this study was to assess biothermal conditions in the selected Polish health resorts for specific forms of climatic therapy. We calculated Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) for ten-year period (2008- 2017) and then added adjustment terms, taking into account changes in metabolic rates during various physical activities from resting to vigorous exercise. The adjusted UTCI values increased with rising activity, implying that warmer parts of the year were unsuitable for intensive forms of climatotherapy. These results demonstrate that the UTCI adjustment procedure provides well-balanced assessments of bioclimatic conditions for the purpose of climatic treatment considering the level of activity

scholarly journals Influência de Mudanças Climáticas no Balanço Hídrico da Amazônia Ocidental (Influence of Climate Change on Water Budget of Western Amazonia)

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailton Marcolino Liberato ◽  
José Ivaldo B. De Brito
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Climatological Data ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar possíveis alterações em componentes do balanço hídrico climático, associadas a diferentes cenários (A2 e B2) das mudanças climáticas do IPCC, para a Amazônia Ocidental (Acre, Amazonas, Rondônia e Roraima). Os dados climatológicos de temperatura do ar e totais de precipitação pluvial usados como referência neste estudo, são oriundos do INMET (1961-2005), da CEPLAC (1983-1999) e da reanálise do NCEP/NCAR (1983-1995). O método utilizado na elaboração do balanço hídrico é o de Thornthwaite e Mather (1957) modificado por Krishan (1980). Os resultados das projeções mostram tendência de clima mais seco, diminuição na umidade do solo, redução na vazão dos rios, aumento no risco de incêndio e diminuição no escoamento superficial e sub-superficial para a Amazônia Ocidental até 2100.Palavras-chave: cenários, índices climáticos, Amazônia. Influence of Climate Change on Water Budget of Western Amazonia ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study was investigate possible alterations in the climatic water budget components associated with different scenarios (A2 and B2) of the IPCC to Amazonian Western (Acre, Amazonas, Rondônia and Roraima). The climatological data of air temperature and precipitation from the INMET (1961-2005), CEPLAC (1983-1999) and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis (1983-1995) were used in the present study. The Thornthwaite and Mather (1955) method was used in the elaboration of the climatic water budget modified by Krishan (1980). The results of the projections show drier climate trends and decrease of the soil moisture, reduction in the rivers discharge, increase in the fire risk and decrease in the runoff for the Amazonian Western up to 2100. Keywords: scenarios, climate index, Amazonian.

scholarly journals Bioclimatic Conditions of Paris, Rome and Budapest on the Basis of the Universal Thermal Climate Index

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Idzikowska
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Universal Thermal Climate Index ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Extreme Cold ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the main features of the bioclimatic conditions of three European cities using a new Universal Thermal Climate Index. Daily values of meteorological variables for 12 UTC for the cities for 1990-2001 were used in the study. Using the frequency of UTCI and one-way Anova, the results showed that in all the three cities “no thermal stress” dominated throughout the year. “Extreme” values of heat as well as “cold stress” were observed but in none of the cities “extreme cold stress” occurred. The values of UTCI differed for all the three cities in each studied year. The cities differed from each other in each month during the whole year with the exception of spring - March and April.

scholarly journals Trend analysis of climate change compound indices in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Roshani ◽  
Fatemeh Parak ◽  
Hossein Esmaili
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Spatial Coherence ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Climate Extreme ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Tourism Climate

Abstract The time-placement scheme of climate extreme changes is important. In this regard, a set of a compound indices derived using daily resolution climatic time series data is examined to assess climate change in Iran. The compound indices were examined for 47 synoptic meteorological stations during 1981–2015. The results show that most stations experienced a negative trend for the cool/dry (CD) and cool/wet (CW) index and a positive trend in CW was observed in some dispersed small areas. Both warm/dry (WD) and warm/wet (WW) indices have similar behavior, but the magnitude and spatial consistency of WW days were much less than WD days. The results show that more than 80% of stations experienced a decrease in the annual occurrence of the cold modes and an increase in the annual occurrence of the warm modes. On the other hand, universal thermal climate index (UTCI) change demonstrated a significant increase in the annual occurrence of strong heat stress (32–38 °C) and significant decrease in the annual occurrence of no thermal stress class (9–26 °C). Moreover, trends in tourism climate index (TCI), including TCI≥ 60 and TCI≥ 80, showed similar changes but with weak spatial coherence.

Reflective Parking Lots for Microscale Urban Heat Island Mitigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (8) ◽  
pp. 663-671
Author(s):  
Sushobhan Sen ◽  
Juan Pablo Ricardo Mendèz-Ruiz Fernandèz ◽  
Jeffery Roesler
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Universal Thermal Climate Index ◽  
Parking Lots ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Urban Heat

Paved surfaces, especially parking lots, occupy a significant proportion of the horizontal surface area in cities. The low albedo of many of these parking lots contribute to the urban heat island (UHI) and affect the local microclimate around them. The albedo of six parking lots in Champaign-Urbana, U.S., was measured using a ground-based albedometer and was found to vary between 0.18 and 0.28, with a statistically significant variation in albedo at different points within each parking lot. The numerical model ENVI-met was then employed to model the microclimate around one of these lots to examine the potential of increasing its albedo to mitigate UHI. The higher albedo decreased the air temperature over the parking lot by about 1°C. Furthermore, the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), which combines the effects of air temperature, reflected radiation, wind speed, clothing, metabolism, and humidity, demonstrated that increasing the albedo of the parking lot could improve overall pedestrian thermal comfort and even eliminate it during several hours of the day, and thus mitigate the UHI effect.

scholarly journals Bioclimatic conditions of Lublin based on the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
Mateusz Dobek ◽  
Sylwester Wereski ◽  
Agnieszka Krzyżewska
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Universal Thermal Climate Index ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to describe bioclimatic conditions in Lublin and Radawiec in the period 1976–2015 using the UTCI index. The paper shows that in Lublin and Radawiec, the most frequent biometeorological conditions caused no heat stress and were neutral for the human organism. At the analysed stations, biometeorological conditions causing cold stress occurred more frequently than those causing heat stress. Biometeorological conditions in the analysed period were characterised by high year-to-year variability. We observed that in recent years there was an increase in frequency of conditions favouring heat stress and a decrease in conditions favouring cold stress.

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