scholarly journals Plasma Exosome-derived MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers of Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Wang ◽  
Haoli Ma ◽  
Yuxian Zhang ◽  
Rong Zeng ◽  
Jiangtao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

scholarly journals Plasma extracellular vesicles as a source of biomarkers in traumatic brain injury

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ross C. Puffer ◽  
Luz M. Cumba Garcia ◽  
Benjamin T. Himes ◽  
Mi-Yeon Jung ◽  
Frederic B. Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Altered Consciousness ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Organismal Development

OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to isolate extracellular vesicles (EVs) from plasma in a cohort of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and analyze their contents for novel biomarkers that could prove useful for rapid diagnosis and classification of brain injury during initial evaluation.METHODSPlasma EVs were isolated by serial ultracentrifugation from patients with TBI (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 5). Samples were obtained from the TRACK-TBI biorepository (2010–present). Size and concentration were determined by nanoparticle tracking. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) concentration was determined in EV protein. EV RNA was isolated and deep sequencing of short noncoding RNA was performed.RESULTSPlasma EVs are physically similar but contained approximately 10 times more GFAP in TBI patients with altered consciousness than patients and controls with normal consciousness. Eleven highly differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified between these groups. Genes targeted by these miRNAs are highly associated with biologically relevant cellular pathways, including organismal injury, cellular development, and organismal development. Multiple additional coding and noncoding RNA species with potential biomarker utility were identified.CONCLUSIONSIsolating plasma EVs in patients with TBI is feasible. Increased GFAP concentration—a validated plasma TBI marker—in EVs from TBI patients with altered consciousness, along with differential expression of multiple miRNAs targeting TBI-relevant pathways, suggests that EVs may be a useful source of TBI biomarkers. Additional evaluation in larger patient cohorts is indicated.

MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Mild and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1948-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Di Pietro ◽  
Marco Ragusa ◽  
David Davies ◽  
Zhangjie Su ◽  
Jon Hazeldine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Plasma PrPC and ADAM-10 as novel biomarkers for traumatic brain injury and concussion: a pilot study

Brain Injury ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Amit Persad ◽  
Nam Pham ◽  
Farzad Moien-Afshari ◽  
William Gormley ◽  
Sandra Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Cognitive control constrains memory attributions

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Kelley ◽  
Larry L. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Control

Abstract Cognitive control constrains retrieval processing and so restricts what comes to mind as input to the attribution system. We review evidence that older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease, and people with traumatic brain injury exert less cognitive control during retrieval, and so are susceptible to memory misattributions in the form of dramatic levels of false remembering.

Lessons Learned From Coaching Postsecondary Students With Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Mary R. T. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Exhaustive List

Purpose The purpose of this clinical focus article is to provide speech-language pathologists with a brief update of the evidence that provides possible explanations for our experiences while coaching college students with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method The narrative text provides readers with lessons we learned as speech-language pathologists functioning as cognitive coaches to college students with TBI. This is not meant to be an exhaustive list, but rather to consider the recent scientific evidence that will help our understanding of how best to coach these college students. Conclusion Four lessons are described. Lesson 1 focuses on the value of self-reported responses to surveys, questionnaires, and interviews. Lesson 2 addresses the use of immediate/proximal goals as leverage for students to update their sense of self and how their abilities and disabilities may alter their more distal goals. Lesson 3 reminds us that teamwork is necessary to address the complex issues facing these students, which include their developmental stage, the sudden onset of trauma to the brain, and having to navigate going to college with a TBI. Lesson 4 focuses on the need for college students with TBI to learn how to self-advocate with instructors, family, and peers.

The Speech-Language Pathologists' Role in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Middle and High School–Age Children: Viewpoints on Guidelines From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1363-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Brown ◽  
Katy O'Brien ◽  
Kelly Knollman-Porter ◽  
Tracey Wallace
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Purpose The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently released guidelines for rehabilitation professionals regarding the care of children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Given that mTBI impacts millions of children each year and can be particularly detrimental to children in middle and high school age groups, access to universal recommendations for management of postinjury symptoms is ideal. Method This viewpoint article examines the CDC guidelines and applies these recommendations directly to speech-language pathology practices. In particular, education, assessment, treatment, team management, and ongoing monitoring are discussed. In addition, suggested timelines regarding implementation of services by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are provided. Specific focus is placed on adolescents (i.e., middle and high school–age children). Results SLPs are critical members of the rehabilitation team working with children with mTBI and should be involved in education, symptom monitoring, and assessment early in the recovery process. SLPs can also provide unique insight into the cognitive and linguistic challenges of these students and can serve to bridge the gap among rehabilitation and school-based professionals, the adolescent with brain injury, and their parents. Conclusion The guidelines provided by the CDC, along with evidence from the field of speech pathology, can guide SLPs to advocate for involvement in the care of adolescents with mTBI. More research is needed to enhance the evidence base for direct assessment and treatment with this population; however, SLPs can use their extensive knowledge and experience working with individuals with traumatic brain injury as a starting point for post-mTBI care.

Traumatic Brain Injury: The Day My World Changed

ASHA Leader ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (13) ◽  
pp. 38-38
Author(s):  
G. Gayle Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury
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