scholarly journals Vitamin A deficiency causes islet dysfunction by inducing islet stellate cell activation via cellular retinol binding protein 1

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 947-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunting Zhou ◽  
Junming Zhou ◽  
Bo Sun ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Ming Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Stellate Cell ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Islet Dysfunction ◽  
Cellular Retinol Binding Protein

scholarly journals The early changes in retinol-binding protein and prealbumin concentrations in plasma of protein–energy malnourished children after treatment with retinol and an improved diet

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Large ◽  
G. Neal ◽  
J. Glover ◽  
O. Thanangkul ◽  
R. E. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

1. Changes in total retinol-binding protein (RBP), the holoprotein (holoRBP) and prealbumin (PA) concentrations have been monitored in plasma of thirty protein- and vitamin A-deficient preschool children from within a few hours up to 7 weeks after treatment with retinol and a good-quality protein diet.2. The children were classified into groups according to nutritional status as having either kwashiorkor, marasmus-kwashiorkor or marasmus, and given formula diets whose protein and energy contents increased stepwise from 1 g and 105 kJ/kg body-weight respectively up to 4 g and 733 kJ/kg body-weight after 4 weeks. Retinol was administered in the forms of retinyl palmitate either orally or intramuscularly.3. PA and total RBP were determined by electroimmunoassay procedures and the holoRBP by its fluorescence after separation from other plasma proteins.4. RBP in plasma of the vitamin A-deficient child is largely denatured and incapable of binding administered retinol, which must first be taken up by the liver before native holoRBP is released. An increased pool of native apoprotein accumulates in the liver during vitamin A deficiency which is released into plasma quickly after retinol uptake to form peak concentrations of total and holoRBP approximately 3 h after dosing intramuscularly and 6 h orally.5. The accumulated pool of RBP was highest in livers from the marasmus group and lowest in those from the kwashiorkor group, reflecting their relative capacities to synthesize plasma proteins.6. The mean plasma concentrations of total and holoRBP for the various groups were minimal 24–48 h after dosing with retinol and then improved almost linearly over the following week.7. Mean plasma PA concentrations of the various groups on admission were also in order of the severity of their malnutrition. There was little or no change in this protein concentration over the first 24 h after dosing with retinol, but thereafter the mean values rose almost linearly over 2 weeks. Albumin on the other hand changed little during the first week. The results show that PA is the more sensitive measurement of protein nutritional status.

scholarly journals Use of the retinol-binding protein : transthyretin ratio for assessment of vitamin A status during the acute-phase response

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Filteau ◽  
Juana F. Willumsen ◽  
Keith Sullivan ◽  
Karin Simmank ◽  
Mary Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Plasma Retinol

The ratio plasma retinol-binding protein (RBP) : transthyretin (TTR) has been proposed as a means to improve the assessment of vitamin A status of individuals with concurrent infection or inflammation. We have measured RBP and TTR in stored sera from South African children who had accidentally ingested kerosene. Samples were collected from these children in hospital when suffering acute inflammation and respiratory distress, and from them and neighbourhood control children 3 months later. Vitamin A status was defined by modified relative dose response (MRDR) tests of liver retinol stores at 3 months and by serum retinol concentration both when children were ill and when they were well. Illness was defined as either being in hospital or, at follow-up, as having a raised plasma α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) level. The RBP : TTR value was significantly decreased by both illness and low liver retinol stores. When the effects on RBP : TTR of illness and vitamin A stores were considered together for the 3-month follow-up samples, only vitamin A status significantly decreased the value. We calculated sensitivity and specificity of the RBP : TTR ratio against established measures of vitamin A status using a cut-off value of 0·3 for RBP : TTR and standard cut-off values for MRDR (0·06) and plasma retinol (0·7 μmol/l). Compared with MRDR, RBP : TTR had sensitivities of 76 % and 43 % and specificities of 22 % and 81 % to detect vitamin A deficiency in hospitalized and well children respectively. Compared with plasma retinol, sensitivities were 88 % and 44 % and specificities were 55 % and 64 % in hospitalized and well children respectively. Only for the case of clinically well children with biochemical evidence of subclinical inflammation did sensitivity (62 % and 100 % against MRDR and plasma retinol respectively) and specificity (100 % and 60 % against MRDR and retinol) approach useful levels for an assessment tool. Overall, although a trend supporting the theory behind the use of the RBP : TTR for assessment of vitamin A status in infection was observed in the current study, the ratio did not provide adequate sensitivity and specificity to be a useful assessment tool.

scholarly journals Vitamin A–Sensitive Tissues in Transgenic Mice Expressing High Levels of Human Cellular Retinol-Binding Protein Type I Are Not Altered Phenotypically

1999 ◽  
Vol 129 (9) ◽  
pp. 1621-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunhild Trøen ◽  
Winnie Eskild ◽  
Sigurd H. Fromm ◽  
Luigi M. De Luca ◽  
David E. Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cellular Retinol Binding Protein

scholarly journals Rapid diagnostic testing platform for iron and vitamin A deficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (51) ◽  
pp. 13513-13518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengda Lu ◽  
Dakota O’Dell ◽  
Balaji Srinivasan ◽  
Elizabeth Rey ◽  
Ruisheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Laptop Computer ◽  
Reactive Protein

Micronutrient deficiencies such as those of vitamin A and iron affect a third of the world’s population with consequences such as night blindness, higher child mortality, anemia, poor pregnancy outcomes, and reduced work capacity. Many efforts to prevent or treat these deficiencies are hampered by the lack of adequate, accessible, and affordable diagnostic methods that can enable better targeting of interventions. In this work, we demonstrate a rapid diagnostic test and mobile enabled platform for simultaneously quantifying iron (ferritin), vitamin A (retinol-binding protein), and inflammation (C-reactive protein) status. Our approach, enabled by combining multiple florescent markers and immunoassay approaches on a single test, allows us to provide accurate quantification in 15 min even though the physiological range of the markers of interest varies over five orders of magnitude. We report sensitivities of 88%, 100%, and 80% and specificities of 97%, 100%, and 97% for iron deficiency (ferritin <15 ng/mL or 32 pmol/L), vitamin A deficiency (retinol-binding protein <14.7 μg/mL or 0.70 μmol/L) and inflammation status (C-reactive protein >3.0 μg/mL or 120 nmol/L), respectively. This technology is suitable for point-of-care use in both resource-rich and resource-limited settings and can be read either by a standard laptop computer or through our previously developed NutriPhone technology. If implemented as either a population-level screening or clinical diagnostic tool, we believe this platform can transform nutritional status assessment and monitoring globally.

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