scholarly journals In Search for Pheromone Receptors: Certain Members of the Odorant Receptor Family in the Desert Locust Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Are Co-expressed with SNMP1

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 911-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Pregitzer ◽  
Xingcong Jiang ◽  
Ewald Grosse-Wilde ◽  
Heinz Breer ◽  
Jürgen Krieger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Odorant Receptor ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Receptor Family

scholarly journals A Subset of Odorant Receptors from the Desert Locust Schistocerca gregaria Is Co-Expressed with the Sensory Neuron Membrane Protein 1

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Pablo Pregitzer ◽  
Xingcong Jiang ◽  
René-Sebastian Lemke ◽  
Jürgen Krieger ◽  
Jörg Fleischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Sensory Neuron ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Odorant Receptor ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Neuron Membrane ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sensory Neuron Membrane Protein

In the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (S. gregaria), pheromones are considered to be crucial for governing important behaviors and processes, including phase transition, reproduction, aggregation and swarm formation. The receptors mediating pheromone detection in olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) on the antenna of S. gregaria are unknown. Since pheromone receptors in other insects belong to the odorant receptor (OR) family and are typically co-expressed with the “sensory neuron membrane protein 1” (SNMP1), in our search for putative pheromone receptors of S. gregaria, we have screened the OR repertoire for receptor types that are expressed in SNMP1-positive OSNs. Based on phylogenetic analyses, we categorized the 119 ORs of S. gregaria into three groups (I–III) and analyzed a substantial number of ORs for co-expression with SNMP1 by two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization. We have identified 33 ORs that were co-expressed with SNMP1. In fact, the majority of ORs from group I and II were found to be expressed in SNMP1-positive OSNs, but only very few receptors from group III, which comprises approximately 60% of all ORs from S. gregaria, were co-expressed with SNMP1. These findings indicate that numerous ORs from group I and II could be important for pheromone communication. Collectively, we have identified a broad range of candidate pheromone receptors in S. gregaria that are not randomly distributed throughout the OR family but rather segregate into phylogenetically distinct receptor clades.

THE HISTOLOGY OF THE GIANT FIBRE SYSTEM IN THE ABDOMINAL VENTRAL NERVE CORD OF THE DESERT LOCUST

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1163-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Giant Fibre ◽  
Metathoracic Ganglion ◽  
Giant Fibres ◽  
Giant Fibre System

AbstractSchistocerca gregaria possess four neurones of giant fibre proportions within the abdominal ventral nerve cord. These fibres arise from single cell bodies in the terminal ganglionic mass and pass without interruption to the metathoracic ganglion. Fibres become reduced in diameter when passing through a ganglion. Branching of the giant fibres occurs in abdominal ganglia 6 and 7.

A Gregarizing Factor Present in the Egg Pod Foam of the Desert Locust Schistocerca gregaria

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. McCaffery ◽  
Stephen J. Simpson ◽  
M. Saiful Islam ◽  
Peter Roessingh
Keyword(s):  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Desert Locust

The vibrational startle response of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria

1999 ◽  
Vol 202 (16) ◽  
pp. 2151-2159 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Friedel
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Startle Response ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Intracellular Recordings ◽  
Stimulus Amplitude ◽  
Co Activation ◽  
Motor Neurones ◽  
Fast Twitch

Substratum vibrations elicit a fast startle response in unrestrained quiescent desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria). The response is graded with stimulus intensity and consists of a small, rapid but conspicuous movement of the legs and body, but it does not result in any positional change of the animal. With stimuli just above threshold, it begins with a fast twitch of the hindlegs generated by movements of the coxa-trochanter and femur-tibia joints. With increasing stimulus intensity, a rapid movement of all legs may follow, resulting in an up-down movement of the whole body. The magnitude of both the hindleg movement and electromyographic recordings from hindleg extensor and flexor tibiae muscles increases with stimulus amplitude and reaches a plateau at vibration accelerations above 20 m s(−)(2) (peak-to-peak). Hindleg extensor and flexor tibiae muscles in unrestrained animals are co-activated with a mean latency of 30 ms. Behavioural thresholds are as low as 0. 47 m s(−)(2) (peak-to-peak) at frequencies below 100 Hz but rise steeply above 200 Hz. The response habituates rapidly, and inter-stimulus intervals of 2 min or more are necessary to evoke maximal reactions. Intracellular recordings in fixed (upside-down) locusts also revealed co-activation of both flexor and extensor motor neurones with latencies of approximately 25 ms. This shows that the neuronal network underlying the startle movement is functional in a restrained preparation and can therefore be studied in great detail at the level of identified neurones.

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