scholarly journals Development of the new method eliciting swallowing reflex -Effect of temperature in eliciting swallowing reflex by esophageal stimulation-

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-25
Author(s):  
Hiroshige Taniguchi ◽  
Yoichiro Aoyagi
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Reflex Effect ◽  
Swallowing Reflex

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON SWALLOWING REFLEX IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 2143-2144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Watando ◽  
Satoru Ebihara ◽  
Takae Ebihara ◽  
Tatsuma Okazaki ◽  
Hidenori Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Swallowing Reflex

scholarly journals Cost analysis of drying process by studying its kinetic parameters: A new study in Mexican chillies

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 375-387
Author(s):  
José Carrera-Escobedo ◽  
Oscar Cruz-Domínguez ◽  
César Guzmán-Valdivia ◽  
Víctor Carrera-Escobedo ◽  
Mario García-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Effective Diffusivity ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
New Method ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Kinetics Parameters ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
The Cost

The drying process of vegetables is a widely used technique for food conservation. However, this process can be expensive, and the cost highly depends on the ventilation, drying temperature and drying characteristics of the chillies. The contribution of this new study was to obtain the drying kinetics parameters of two different types of Mexican Capsicum annuum (Puya and Mulato) and model it at different temperatures with two different ventilation levels. The aim of this study is to provide a method to analyse the cost of the drying process by studying its drying kinetics parameters. The experimental results were fitted to Weibull distribution and Newton’s model, obtaining an adequate numerical fit at different drying temperatures. The Weibull distribution demonstrates to be a better fit than Newton’s model. Drying kinetics parameters were also studied by a diffusive model with effective diffusivity. The effect of temperature on the diffusivity was described by the Arrhenius equation with activation energy of 49.7 kJ mol−1 for Puya and 24.1 kJ mol−1 for Mulato. The ventilation effect on chilli drying kinetics parameters was qualitatively assessed. As expected, the ventilation effect improved the drying rate and reduced the drying time, and consequently the cost of the drying process was reduced. In addition, a new method is presented to evaluate the cost of the drying process considering the kinetic parameters obtained. This new method allows evaluating the cost of the drying process in a simple way and with little experimental work. Consequently, it is possible to greatly reduce the cost of the drying process.

Effect of Temperature on Activity of Salvelinus fontinalis

1942 ◽  
Vol 5c (5) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Elson
Keyword(s):  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
New Method ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Maximal Amount ◽  
Sigmoid Curve

The distances moved in response to varied stimuli are measured, at constant temperature, by a new method. A sigmoid curve shows the relation between strength of stimulus and distance moved. For any strength of stimulus maximal amount of movement occurs at about 10 °C. Laboratory experiments and field observations reveal response temperatures (more active behaviour of the fish) at 15 and 20°, which may somewhat increase the distance moved at and above these temperatures.

Effect of Temperature on Low Energy Consumption Electrolytic Preparation of Manganese Dioxide Using Oxygen Depolarized Electrode

2014 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 355-361
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Hui Min Meng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
New Method ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Electrolysis Process ◽  
Electrolytic Manganese

A new method of an oxygen depolarization gas diffusion electrode (GDE) is proposed to reduce the energy consumption of the electrolysis process for electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD). Substitute oxygen reduction reaction for hydrogen evolution reaction can reduce energy consumption, avoid acid mist, improve working environment, as well as reduce hidden danger. The effect of temperature on electrodeposition was researched. The results show that the cell voltage and the energy consumption of new method by using GDE (Pt/C type) is 4/5-2/3 of that by using Cu or Pt cathode at 40-90°C. The current efficiency is up to 95%, when the temperature is greater than 70°C. The optimum temperature of the new electrolysis process is 80°C, while the life span reaches 400 h. The as-gained EMD belongs to γ-MnO2 when temperature reaches 60°C. The performance of EMD fulfills the industrial requirements when the temperature reaches 70°C. By greatly influence the dissolution rate of Ni net, temperature affects the life span of GDE.

Nucleation of Disorder in Fe3Al Alloys

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 312-313
Author(s):  
P. R. Swann ◽  
W. R. Duff ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Antiphase Domain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
The One

Recently we have investigated the phase equilibria and antiphase domain structures of Fe-Al alloys containing from 18 to 50 at.% Al by transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer techniques. This study has revealed that none of the published phase diagrams are correct, although the one proposed by Rimlinger agrees most closely with our results to be published separately. In this paper observations by transmission electron microscopy relating to the nucleation of disorder in Fe-24% Al will be described. Figure 1 shows the structure after heating this alloy to 776.6°C and quenching. The white areas are B2 micro-domains corresponding to regions of disorder which form at the annealing temperature and re-order during the quench. By examining specimens heated in a temperature gradient of 2°C/cm it is possible to determine the effect of temperature on the disordering reaction very precisely. It was found that disorder begins at existing antiphase domain boundaries but that at a slightly higher temperature (1°C) it also occurs by homogeneous nucleation within the domains. A small (∼ .01°C) further increase in temperature caused these micro-domains to completely fill the specimen.

Selective Sampling and Orientation of Non-Homogeneous Tissues

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 98-99
Author(s):  
C. C. Clawson ◽  
L. W. Anderson ◽  
R. A. Good
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
New Method ◽  
Microscope Examination ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Selective Sampling ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Specific Orientation

Investigations which require electron microscope examination of a few specific areas of non-homogeneous tissues make random sampling of small blocks an inefficient and unrewarding procedure. Therefore, several investigators have devised methods which allow obtaining sample blocks for electron microscopy from region of tissue previously identified by light microscopy of present here techniques which make possible: 1) sampling tissue for electron microscopy from selected areas previously identified by light microscopy of relatively large pieces of tissue; 2) dehydration and embedding large numbers of individually identified blocks while keeping each one separate; 3) a new method of maintaining specific orientation of blocks during embedding; 4) special light microscopic staining or fluorescent procedures and electron microscopy on immediately adjacent small areas of tissue.

The effect of temperature on high-resolution TEM image contrast

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
T. Geipel ◽  
W. Mader ◽  
P. Pirouz
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Waller Factor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Debye Waller Factor ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Atomic Form Factor

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).

A new method for the determination of nitrates

1960 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
P WEST ◽  
G LYLES
Keyword(s):  
New Method
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