scholarly journals The estimation of organic acids effectiveness as biotic elicitors via changes of endogenous peroxid content

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
I. V. Zhuk ◽  
A. P. Dmitriev ◽  
Ju. V. Shylina ◽  
G.M. Lysova ◽  
L. O. Kucherova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Signal Molecule

Aim. The usage of biotic elicitors for elicitation of defense responses may induce plant disease resistance and prevent increased environmental pollution by pesticides. Hydrogen peroxide is a well-known signal molecule for photosynthetic status and for stomatal movements, and systemic acquired resistance to pathogens in plants proposed to be dependent on H2O2. The aim of research was to analyze in field trials the effect of oxalic, ferulic and kojic acid on H2O2 content and winter wheat resistance against Septoria tritici. Methods. Content of endogenous H2O2 was measured in elicitor treated and inoculated by S. tritici wheat plants (cv. Oberig) during different ontogenesis phases. The extent of disease development, morphometric parameters and yield structure were analyzed. Results. It is shown that the lowest level of hydrogen peroxide in leaves at the necrotrophic stage of pathogen infection was after oxalic acid treatment, and the highest – after koijc acid influence. Conclusions. The data obtained suggest that elicitors induced defense responses in winter wheat against S. tritici and hydrogen peroxide content is an important and valuable parameter. Keywords: biotic elicitors, hydrogen peroxide, induced resistance, Triticum aestivum L., Septoria tritici Rob et Desm.

scholarly journals The influence of kojic acid and donor NO on Triticum aestivum L. under biotic stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
I. V. Zhuk ◽  
O. P. Dmitriev ◽  
G. M. Lysova ◽  
L. O. Kucherova
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Signal Molecule

Aim. The usage of biotic elicitors for elicitation of defense responses may induce plant disease resistance and prevent increased environmental pollution by pesticides. Hydrogen peroxide (HP) is a signal molecule for photosynthetic status and for stomatal movements, and systemic acquired resistance to pathogens in plants proposed to be dependent on H2O2. It is shown in our previous research that biotic elicitors influence on H2O2 content in plants. Kojic acid inhibits tyrosinase activity in melanin synthesis. In plant-pathogen interaction melanin plays role for filaments growth of fungal agent. The aim of research was to analyze in field trials effect of kojic acid with additional donor NO treatment of winter wheat under biotic stress. Methods. Content of endogenous H2O2 was measured in kojic acid and NO donor treated wheat plants (cv. Legenda Myronivska) during different ontogenesis phases. The extent of morphometric parameters and yield structure were analyzed. Results. The data obtained suggest that kojic acid and donor NO decreased the HP content in wheat leaves and increased the grain number and yield. Conclusions. Kojic acid with donor NO is effective combination and could be used as biotic elicitor. Keywords: winter wheat, kojic acid, NO, biotic elicitors, induced resistance, Triticum aestivum L., Septoria tritici Rob.et Desm.

scholarly journals Participation of ferulic acid in elicitation of winter wheat plants resistance against Septoria tritici infection

1970 ◽  
pp. 190-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Zhuk ◽  
O. P. Dmytriev ◽  
G. M. Lisova ◽  
L. O. Kucherova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Induced Defense Responses

Aim. The usage of biotic elicitors for elicitation of defense responses may induce plant disease resistance and prevent increased environmental pollution by pesticides. The aim of research was to analyze in field trials participation of ferulic acid in elicitation of winter wheat resistance against Septoria tritici blotch agent. Methods. Content of endogenous H2O2, peroxidase, catalase and ascorbatperoxidase activities were measured in elicitor-treated and inoculated by S. tritici blotch winter wheat plants (cv. Poliska 90) during different ontogenesis phases. The extent of disease development, morphometric parameters and yield structure were analyzed. Results. The data obtained suggest that ferulic acid induced defense responses in winter wheat against S. tritici blotch agent. Initiation of defense responses in elicitor-treated plants occurred shortly. Hydrogen peroxide content was enhanced in elicitor-treated plants. Conclusions. Ferulic acid could be used as biotic elicitor. It increased the wheat grain quantity. Elicitation of biochemical nature of induced defense responses revealed increased peroxidase activities for lignin biosynthesis and mechanical strengthening of the plant cell walls. Keywords: winter wheat, biotic elicitors, induced resistance, ferulic acid, Triticum aestivum L., Septoria tritici.

scholarly journals Induce the plant resistance to pathogen infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ezzat ◽  
Z. Szabó ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Direct Toxicity

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a mechanism of induced defense that confers long-lasting protection against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. Salicylic acid (SA) is the signal molecule which is required for induce SAR and is associated with accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins, which are thought to contribute to resistance. SA paly vital role in some related resistance gene expression in plant cell which have direct or indirect effect on pathogen growth as SA has direct toxicity for pathogen and in the same time has stimulation effect for some enzyme related to reduce the oxidative burst.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis thaliana EDS4 Contributes to Salicylic Acid (SA)-Dependent Expression of Defense Responses: Evidence for Inhibition of Jasmonic Acid Signaling by SA

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaijayanti Gupta ◽  
Michael G. Willits ◽  
Jane Glazebrook
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
Resistance Response

The Arabidopsis enhanced disease susceptibility 4 (eds4) mutation causes enhanced susceptibility to infection by the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. Maculicola ES4326 (Psm ES4326). Gene-for-gene resistance to bacteria carrying the avirulence gene avrRpt2 is not significantly affected by eds4. Plants homozygous for eds4 exhibit reduced expression of the pathogenesis-related gene PR-1 after infection by Psm ES4326, weakened responses to treatment with the signal molecule salicylic acid (SA), impairment of the systemic acquired resistance response, and reduced accumulation of SA after infection with Psm ES4326. These phenotypes indicate that EDS4 plays a role in SA-dependent signaling. SA has been shown to have a negative effect on activation of gene expression by the signal molecule jasmonic acid (JA). Two mutations that cause reduced SA levels, eds4 and pad4, cause heightened responses to inducers of JA-dependent gene expression, providing genetic evidence to support the idea that SA interferes with JA-dependent signaling. Two possible working models of the role of EDS4 in governing activation of defense responses are presented.

scholarly journals Research progress of NPR genes in signal pathway of salicylic acid mediated plant disease resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 01038
Author(s):  
Pan Wang ◽  
Meiqin Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
Pathogenesis Related

Salicylic acid (SA) is considered to be an endogenous signal molecule in plants, and it is related to many resistances in plants. In Arabidopsis, Non-expressor of pathogenesis-related gene1 (NPR1) mediates the expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PRs) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) induced by SA. NPR1 is a key factor in SA signaling pathway, and the research shows that NPR1, NPR3 and NPR4 play a key role in SA mediated plant disease resistance. In this review, the interaction between NPR and transcription factors is discussed, and we also describe the progress of NPR in SA mediated SAR signal transduction pathway, likewise, we introduce the relationship between NPR1 and its paralogues NPR3/NPR4. This paper analyzes the research prospect of NPR as the intersection of multiple signal paths.

scholarly journals Protein Elicitor PemG1 from Magnaporthe grisea Induces Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) in Plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1239-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hai Peng ◽  
De-Wen Qiu ◽  
Li-Fang Ruan ◽  
Chen-Fei Zhou ◽  
Ming Sun
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Protein Elicitor

Elicitors can stimulate defense responses in plants and have become a popular strategy in plant disease control. Previously, we isolated a novel protein elicitor, PemG1, from Magnaporthe grisea. In the present study, PemG1 protein expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli improved resistance of rice and Arabidopsis to bacterial infection, induced transient expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, and increased accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in rice. The effects of PemG1 on disease resistance and PR gene expression were mobilized systemically throughout the rice plant and persisted for more than 28 days. PemG1-induced accumulation of OsPR-1a in rice was prevented by the calcium channel blockers LaCl3, BAPTA, EGTA, W7, and TFP. Arabidopsis mutants that are insensitive to jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene showed increased resistance to bacterial infection after PemG1 treatment but PemG1 did not affect resistance of mutants with an impaired salicylic acid (SA) transduction pathway. In rice, PemG1 induced overexpressions of the SA signal-related genes (OsEDS1, OsPAL1, and OsNH1) but not the JA pathway-related genes (OsLOX2 and OsAOS2). Our findings reveal that PemG1 protein can function as an activator of plant disease resistance, and the PemG1-mediated systemic acquired resistance is modulated by SA- and Ca2+-related signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Influence of Messenger on Corn Yield and Mycotoxin Contamination in Mississippi

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed K. Abbas ◽  
H. Arnold Bruns
Keyword(s):  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Zea May ◽  
Over The Top

Harpin, a bacterial protein that elicits systemic acquired resistance increasing plant disease resistance in several species, is reported to enhance yield and quality of several crops including corn (Zea may L.). This experiment examined the effect of Harpin on corn yield, suppression of aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination, and Aspergillus colonization in corn grain. The experiment was conducted in 2002 and 2003 on two different soils at Stoneville, MS. Plots of a commercial corn hybrid were inoculated with Aspergillus flavus strain F3W4, formulated on autoclaved wheat (Triticum aestivum L) kernels, and applied to the soil surface at growth stages V5-V6 of the corn. Fusarium verticillioides was allowed to infect the grain naturally. Harpin was applied at a rate of 160 g/ha as a spray over the top of corn plants at growth stages V1 to V2 and again at V5 to V6. No differences in yield were observed nor did harpin have any effect on aflatoxin or fumonisin contamination. Aspergillus colonization was unaffected by harpin at one site and was lower than the untreated controls when applied at growth stages V1 to V2 at the other. Accepted for publication 20 July 2006. Published 16 October 2006.

scholarly journals Systemic Acquired Resistance in Canola Is Linked with Pathogenesis-Related Gene Expression and Requires Salicylic Acid

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 794-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobha D. Potlakayala ◽  
Darwin W. Reed ◽  
Patrick S. Covello ◽  
Pierre R. Fobert
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Avirulent Strain ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Pathogenesis Related

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is an induced defense response that confers long-lasting protection against a broad range of microbial pathogens. Here we show that treatment of Brassica napus plants with the SAR-inducing chemical benzo-(1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH) significantly enhanced resistance against virulent strains of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola and the fungal pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans. Localized preinoculation of plants with an avirulent strain of P. syringae pv. maculicola also enhanced resistance to these pathogens but was not as effective as BTH treatment. Single applications of either SAR-inducing pretreatment were effective against P. syringae pv. maculicola, even when given more than 3 weeks prior to the secondary challenge. The pretreatments also led to the accumulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, including BnPR-1 and BnPR-2, with higher levels of transcripts observed in the BTH-treatment material. B. napus plants expressing a bacterial salicylate hydroxylase transgene (NahG) that metabolizes salicylic acid to catechol were substantially compromised in SAR and accumulated reduced levels of PR gene transcripts when compared with untransformed controls. Thus, SAR in B. napus displays many of the hallmarks of classical SAR including long lasting and broad host range resistance, association with PR gene activation, and a requirement for salicylic acid.

scholarly journals NIM1 Overexpression in Arabidopsis Potentiates Plant Disease Resistance and Results in Enhanced Effectiveness of Fungicides

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1114-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Friedrich ◽  
Kay Lawton ◽  
Robert Dietrich ◽  
Michael Willits ◽  
Rebecca Cade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Rapid Induction ◽  
Dependent Signal

The NIM1 (for noninducible immunity, also known as NPR1) gene is required for the biological and chemical activation of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of NIM1 in wild-type plants (hereafter referred to as NIM1 plants or lines) results in varying degrees of resistance to different pathogens. Experiments were performed to address the basis of the enhanced disease resistance responses seen in the NIM1 plants. The increased resistance observed in the NIM1 lines correlated with increased NIM1 protein levels and rapid induction of PR1 gene expression, a marker for SAR induction in Arabidopsis, following pathogen inoculation. Levels of salicylic acid (SA), an endogenous signaling molecule required for SAR induction, were not significantly increased compared with wild-type plants. SA was required for the enhanced resistance in NIM1 plants, however, suggesting that the effect of NIM1 overexpression is that plants are more responsive to SA or a SA-dependent signal. This hypothesis is supported by the heightened responsiveness that NIM1 lines exhibited to the SAR-inducing compound benzo(1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-car-bothioic acid S-methyl ester. Furthermore, the increased efficacy of three fungicides was observed in the NIM1 plants, suggesting that a combination of transgenic and chemical approaches may lead to effective and durable disease-control strategies.

scholarly journals NPR1 and Redox Rhythmx: Connections, between Circadian Clock and Plant Immunity

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Zhang ◽  
Ziyu Ren ◽  
Yuqing Zhou ◽  
Zheng Ma ◽  
Yanqin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Pr Genes ◽  
Pathogen Infection ◽  
Physiological Reactions

The circadian clock in plants synchronizes biological processes that display cyclic 24-h oscillation based on metabolic and physiological reactions. This clock is a precise timekeeping system, that helps anticipate diurnal changes; e.g., expression levels of clock-related genes move in synchrony with changes in pathogen infection and help prepare appropriate defense responses in advance. Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone and immune signal involved in systemic acquired resistance (SAR)-mediated defense responses. SA signaling induces cellular redox changes, and degradation and rhythmic nuclear translocation of the non-expresser of PR genes 1 (NPR1) protein. Recent studies demonstrate the ability of the circadian clock to predict various potential attackers, and of redox signaling to determine appropriate defense against pathogen infection. Interaction of the circadian clock with redox rhythm promotes the balance between immunity and growth. We review here a variety of recent evidence for the intricate relationship between circadian clock and plant immune response, with a focus on the roles of redox rhythm and NPR1 in the circadian clock and plant immunity.

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