scholarly journals Cross-pollination in wheat Triticum aestivum L. and its wild relative Aegilops biuncialis Vis.

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
N. O. Kozub ◽  
I. O. Sozinov ◽  
H. Ya. Bidnyk ◽  
N. O. Demianova ◽  
Ya. B. Blume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Wild Relative ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Gli 1 ◽  
Single Seeds

Aim. The aim of the study was analysis of outcrossing indices in Triticum aestivum L. plants depending on growth conditions and in natural populations of its wild relative Aegilops biuncialis Vis. using storage proteins as genetic markers. Methods. SDS and APAG electrophoresis was used to identify genotypes at the Glu-1 and Gli-1 loci for single seeds from F2 plants of T. aestivum and in samples from natural populations of Ae. biuncialis. Results. In T. aestivum, significant differences in the frequency of cross-pollination were revealed, from 0.3 to 11 % depending on year’s conditions and the dose of the 1BL/1RS translocation. The high outcrossing rate was observed under low humidity and the absence of precipitations. The frequency of cross-pollination is, on average, 2.3 % in T. aestivum and 4.38 % in Ae. biuncialis. Conclusions. Differences in outcrossing indices between genotypes with different doses of 1BL/1RS are realized only in certain conditions: drought at moderate temperatures favors cross-pollination. The rate of outcrossing is similar in T. aestivum and Ae. biuncialis.Keywords: cross-pollination, Triticum aestivum L., Aegilops biuncialis Vis, storage proteins.

scholarly journals Development and studying of Triticum aestivum L. material with introgressions from Aegilops biuncialis Vis.

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 297-301
Author(s):  
N. A. Kozub ◽  
I. A. Sozinov ◽  
H. Ya. Bidnyk ◽  
N. A. Demianova ◽  
A. I. Sozinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Production Lines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gli 1

Aim. The aim of the study was to develop and study T. aestivum material with introgressions from Ae. biuncialis. Methods. Quantitative traits of F4 lines from crossing wheat with Crimean accessions of Ae. biuncialis were studied. SDS and APAG electrophoreses of storage proteins were used to identify alleles at the Glu-1 and Gli-1 loci, including introgressed ones. Results. F4 lines from crosses of wheat with Ae. biuncialis showed a wide range of yield traits. Some lines had a clavate spike and a hairy leaf blade. Using storage proteins as genetic markers the presence of chromosome 1U was identified among the progeny of plants analyzed; some of them had translocation of arm 1UL. Lines with introgressions of chromosome 1M were not revealed. Conclusions. T. aestivum lines with introgressions from Ae. biuncialis were developed without amphidiploid production. Lines with chromosome 1U were selected, including lines with translocations of arm 1UL. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., Aegilops biuncialis Vis., introgression.

scholarly journals Naturally Occurring Ecdysteroids in Triticum aestivum L. and Evaluation of Fenarimol as a Potential Inhibitor of Their Biosynthesis in Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2855
Author(s):  
Anna Janeczko ◽  
Jana Oklestkova ◽  
Danuše Tarkowská ◽  
Barbara Drygaś
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Potential Use

Ecdysteroids (ECs) are steroid hormones originally found in the animal kingdom where they function as insect molting hormones. Interestingly, a relatively high number of these substances can also be formed in plant cells. Moreover, ECs have certain regulatory effects on plant physiology, but their role in plants still requires further study. One of the main aims of the present study was to verify a hypothesis that fenarimol, an inhibitor of the biosynthesis of ECs in the animal kingdom, also affects the content of endogenous ECs in plants using winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. as a model plant. The levels of endogenous ECs in winter wheat, including the estimation of their changes during a course of different temperature treatments, have been determined using a sensitive analytical method based on UHPLC-MS/MS. Under our experimental conditions, four substances of EC character were detected in the tissue of interest in amounts ranging from less than 1 to over 200 pg·g−1 FW: 20-hydroxyecdysone, polypodine B, turkesterone, and isovitexirone. Among them, turkesterone was observed to be the most abundant EC and accumulated mainly in the crowns and leaves of wheat. Importantly, the level of ECs was observed to be dependent on the age of the plants, as well as on growth conditions (especially temperature). Fenarimol, an inhibitor of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, was shown to significantly decrease the level of naturally occurring ECs in experimental plants, which may indicate its potential use in studies related to the biosynthesis and physiological function of these substances in plants.

Lipid remodelling plays an important role in wheat (Triticum aestivum) hypoxia stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Xu ◽  
Rui Pan ◽  
Meixue Zhou ◽  
Yanhao Xu ◽  
Wenying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Hypoxia Stress ◽  
Phosphatidic Acids ◽  
Hypoxia Treatment ◽  
Lower Expression

Membrane lipid remodelling is one of the strategies that plants have developed to combat abiotic stress. In this study, physiological, lipidomic and proteome analyses were conducted to investigate the changes in glycerolipid and phospholipid concentrations in the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars CIGM90.863 and Seri M82 under hypoxia treatment. The growth of CIGM90.863 remained unaffected, whereas Seri M82 was significantly stunted after 8 days of hypoxia treatment. The concentrations of all lipids except lysophosphatidylglycerol were significantly higher in the leaves of Seri M82 than in CIGM90.863 under normal growth conditions. The lipid profile changed significantly under hypoxia stress and varied between genotypes for some of the lipids. Phosphatidic acids remained unchanged in Seri M82 but they were gradually induced in CIGM90.863 in response to hypoxia stress because of the higher phospholipase D expression and lower expression of diglycerol kinase and phosphatidate phosphatases. In contrast, digalactosyldiacylglycerol content was highly stable in CIGM90.863 following hypoxia treatment, although it decreased significantly in Seri M82. Phosphatidylglycerol and lipoxygenase showed a stronger and faster response in CIGM90.863 than in Seri M82 under hypoxia stress. Different membrane lipid adjustments in wheat under oxygen deficiency conditions could be partly responsible for the differing tolerance of Seri M82 and CIGM90.863. This study will help us to better understand how wheat tolerates hypoxia stress by regulating lipid remodelling.

Development of a set of compensating Triticum aestivum – Dasypyrum villosum Robertsonian translocation lines

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 836-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Lili Qi ◽  
Wenxuan Liu ◽  
Wanchun Zhao ◽  
Jamie Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wild Relative ◽  
Dasypyrum Villosum ◽  
Robertsonian Translocations ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Hundred Kernel Weight

Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy, a wild relative of bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), is the source of many agronomically important genes for wheat improvement. Production of compensating Robertsonian translocations (cRobTs), consisting of D. villosum chromosome arms translocated to homoeologous wheat chromosome arms, is one of the initial steps in exploiting this variation. The cRobTs for D. villosum chromosomes 1V, 4V, and 6V have been reported previously. Here we report attempted cRobTs for wheat – D. villosum chromosome combinations 2D/2V, 3D/3V, 5D/5V, and 7D/7V. The cRobTs for all D. villosum chromosomes were recovered except for the 2VS and 5VL arms. As was the case with the 6D/6V combination, no cRobTs involving 2D/2V chromosomes were recovered; instead, cRobT T2BS·2VL involving a nontargeted chromosome was recovered. All cRobTs are fertile, although the level of spike fertility and hundred kernel weight (HKW) varied among the lines. The set of cRobTs involving 12 of the 14 D. villosum chromosomes will be useful in wheat improvement programs. In fact, among the already reported cRobTs, T6AL·6VS carrying the Pm21 gene is deployed in agriculture and many useful genes have been reported on other cRobTs including resistance to stem rust race UG99 on T6AS·6VL.

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