scholarly journals Recombinational origin of the nuclear introns

1970 ◽  
pp. 329-334
Author(s):  
O. V. Pidpala ◽  
L. L. Lukash
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Spliceosomal Introns ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Nuclear Introns ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
Agt Gene

Aim. It has been analyzed the intron sequences homologs O6-methylguanin-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT, AGT) genes on the early stages of their formation in eukaryotic organisms. Methods. Homologous regions have been defined by the program BLASTN 2.6.1. Searching and identifying of the MGEs have been realized by using CENSOR. Results. It has been found that same homologous fragments without introns genes MGT1 S. cerevisiae and agt D. melanogaster may be take part in the formation of different structure part of the agt-1 C. elegans gene. Also it has been found the fragments of homology between various introns and exons of the agt-1 C. elegans and mgmt D. rerio genes. Conclusions. The obtained results allow suggested about recombinogenic nature of the formation of spliceosomal introns. Keywords: O6-methylguanin-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT or AGT) gene homologs, spliceosomal introns, origin of introns, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), recombinogenesis.

scholarly journals The analisis of human MGMT gene orthologous in protests

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
O. V. Pidpala ◽  
L. L. Lukash
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Gene Evolution ◽  
Intron Loss ◽  
Group Ii Introns ◽  
Orthologous Genes ◽  
Spliceosomal Introns ◽  
Mgmt Gene ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
Social Amoebae

Aim. The intron sequences of orthologous О6-methylguanin-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) genes in Protists on the early stages of their formation in eukaryotic organisms have been analysed. Methods. Homologous regions have been defined by the program BLASTN 2.6.1. Nucleotide sequences of the bacterial and mitochondrial group II introns have been taken from Database for Bacterial Group II Introns. Searching and identifying the MGEs have been realized by using CENSOR. Results. It has been shown that the evolution of the gene does not always coincide with the evolution of the organism. This is shown on the example of intron loss and gain in social amoebae Dictyostelium. Also it has been found the fragmentary nature of homology between various introns and exons of the orthologous genes. Conclusions. The obtained results allow offer a suggestion about the endogenous mosaic character of the evolutional formation of the gene structural units. Keywords: О6-methylguanin-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene orthologous, Protists, gene evolution, spliceosomal introns, intron loss and gain.

scholarly journals ArdA proteins from different mobile genetic elements can bind to the EcoKI Type I DNA methyltransferase of E. coli K12

2014 ◽  
Vol 1844 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Marcel Reuter ◽  
Bansi Sanghvi ◽  
Gareth A. Roberts ◽  
Laurie P. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Type I ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Genetic Elements

ISSR-PCR markers and mobile genetic elements in horse (Equus caballus) genome

2014 ◽  
pp. 42-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Bardukov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Feofilov ◽  
T.T. Glazko ◽  
V.I. Glazko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equus Caballus ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Pcr Markers ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Issr Pcr

scholarly journals Arabidopsis MORC proteins function in the efficient establishment of RNA directed DNA methylation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xue ◽  
Zhenhui Zhong ◽  
C. Jake Harris ◽  
Javier Gallego-Bartolomé ◽  
Ming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Transposable Element ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms

AbstractThe Microrchidia (MORC) family of ATPases are required for transposable element (TE) silencing and heterochromatin condensation in plants and animals, and C. elegans MORC-1 has been shown to topologically entrap and condense DNA. In Arabidopsis thaliana, mutation of MORCs has been shown to reactivate silent methylated genes and transposons and to decondense heterochromatic chromocenters, despite only minor changes in the maintenance of DNA methylation. Here we provide the first evidence localizing Arabidopsis MORC proteins to specific regions of chromatin and find that MORC4 and MORC7 are closely co-localized with sites of RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). We further show that MORC7, when tethered to DNA by an artificial zinc finger, can facilitate the establishment of RdDM. Finally, we show that MORCs are required for the efficient RdDM mediated establishment of DNA methylation and silencing of a newly integrated FWA transgene, even though morc mutations have no effect on the maintenance of preexisting methylation at the endogenous FWA gene. We propose that MORCs function as a molecular tether in RdDM complexes to reinforce RdDM activity for methylation establishment. These findings have implications for MORC protein function in a variety of other eukaryotic organisms.

scholarly journals Genomic evolution of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon ◽  
Markus Hans Kristofer Johansson ◽  
Patrick Munk ◽  
Burkhard Malorny ◽  
Magdalena Skarżyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Genetic Elements

AbstractThe emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest health threats globally. In addition, the use of antimicrobial drugs in humans and livestock is considered an important driver of antimicrobial resistance. The commensal microbiota, and especially the intestinal microbiota, has been shown to have an important role in the emergence of AMR. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) also play a central role in facilitating the acquisition and spread of AMR genes. We isolated Escherichia coli (n = 627) from fecal samples in respectively 25 poultry, 28 swine, and 15 veal calf herds from 6 European countries to investigate the phylogeny of E. coli at country, animal host and farm levels. Furthermore, we examine the evolution of AMR in E. coli genomes including an association with virulence genes, plasmids and MGEs. We compared the abundance metrics retrieved from metagenomic sequencing and whole genome sequenced of E. coli isolates from the same fecal samples and farms. The E. coli isolates in this study indicated no clonality or clustering based on country of origin and genetic markers; AMR, and MGEs. Nonetheless, mobile genetic elements play a role in the acquisition of AMR and virulence genes. Additionally, an abundance of AMR was agreeable between metagenomic and whole genome sequencing analysis for several AMR classes in poultry fecal samples suggesting that metagenomics could be used as an indicator for surveillance of AMR in E. coli isolates and vice versa.

scholarly journals Microevolution within ST11 group Clostridioides difficile isolates through mobile genetic elements based on complete genome sequencing

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Wu ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Wen-Ge Li ◽  
Wen Zhu Zhang ◽  
Zheng Jie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Hospitalized Elderly ◽  
Great Heterogeneity ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Clade 5 Clostridioides difficile diverges significantly from the other clades and is therefore, attracting increasing attention due its great heterogeneity. In this study, we used third-generation sequencing techniques to sequence the complete whole genomes of three ST11 C. difficile isolates, RT078 and another two new ribotypes (RTs), obtained from three independent hospitalized elderly patients undergoing antibiotics treatment. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs), antibiotic-resistance, drug resistance genes, and virulent-related genes were analyzed and compared within these three isolates. Results Isolates 10,010 and 12,038 carried a distinct deletion in tcdA compared with isolate 21,062. Furthermore, all three isolates had identical deletions and point-mutations in tcdC, which was once thought to be a unique characteristic of RT078. Isolate 21,062 (RT078) had a unique plasmid, different numbers of transposons and genetic organization, and harboring special CRISPR spacers. All three isolates retained high-level sensitivity to 11 drugs and isolate 21,062 (RT078) carried distinct drug-resistance genes and loss of numerous flagellum-related genes. Conclusions We concluded that capillary electrophoresis based PCR-ribotyping is important for confirming RT078. Furthermore, RT078 isolates displayed specific MGEs, indicating an independent evolutionary process. In the further study, we could testify these findings with more RT078 isolates of divergent origins.

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