scholarly journals Peculiarities of the mutagenic effect of γ-rays and N-nitrosomethylurea in different periods of the DNA synthesis phase

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Kh. A. Khakimov ◽  
A. K. E. Ergashev ◽  
G. P. Makedonov ◽  
A. P. Akifjev
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Mutagenic Effect

scholarly journals Mutagenic Effect of Proton Beams Characterized by Phenotypic Analysis and Whole Genome Sequencing in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Woo Lee ◽  
Yu-Jeong Kwon ◽  
Inwoo Baek ◽  
Hong-Il Choi ◽  
Joon-Woo Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Beam ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Proton Beam Irradiation ◽  
Proton Beams ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

Protons may have contributed to the evolution of plants as a major component of cosmic-rays and also have been used for mutagenesis in plants. Although the mutagenic effect of protons has been well-characterized in animals, no comprehensive phenotypic and genomic analyses has been reported in plants. Here, we investigated the phenotypes and whole genome sequences of Arabidopsis M2 lines derived by irradiation with proton beams and gamma-rays, to determine unique characteristics of proton beams in mutagenesis. We found that mutation frequency was dependent on the irradiation doses of both proton beams and gamma-rays. On the basis of the relationship between survival and mutation rates, we hypothesized that there may be a mutation rate threshold for survived individuals after irradiation. There were no significant differences between the total mutation rates in groups derived using proton beam or gamma-ray irradiation at doses that had similar impacts on survival rate. However, proton beam irradiation resulted in a broader mutant phenotype spectrum than gamma-ray irradiation, and proton beams generated more DNA structural variations (SVs) than gamma-rays. The most frequent SV was inversion. Most of the inversion junctions contained sequences with microhomology and were associated with the deletion of only a few nucleotides, which implies that preferential use of microhomology in non-homologous end joining was likely to be responsible for the SVs. These results show that protons, as particles with low linear energy transfer (LET), have unique characteristics in mutagenesis that partially overlap with those of low-LET gamma-rays and high-LET heavy ions in different respects.

scholarly journals Influence of Roentgen and60Co Gamma Rays on Dna Synthesis in Hamster Organs

1966 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Lohmann ◽  
W. F. Denny ◽  
W. H. Perkins ◽  
A. J. Moss ◽  
C. F. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Gamma Rays

scholarly journals UNSCHEDULED DNA SYNTHESIS INDUCED IN BARLEY SEEDS BY GAMMA RAYS AND 4-NITROQUINOLINE 1-OXIDE

1975 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIKOYUKI YAMAGUCHI ◽  
ATSUSHI TATARA ◽  
TADAO NAITO
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Unscheduled Dna Synthesis

Induced Mutagenesis for the Creation of New Starting Material in Sunflower Breeding

Helia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (70) ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
V. O. Vasko ◽  
V. V. Kyrychenko
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfate ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Morphological Mutants ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Traits ◽  
Gamma Irradiated ◽  
Genetic Value

AbstractThe article colligates data of studies on the variability of quantitative and qualitative traits in mutant sunflower M1-M3 generations affected by dimethyl sulfate (DMS) (0.01, 0.05 %) and gamma rays (120; 150 Gy), frequencies and range of mutations in M2 and their inheritance in mutant families, chromosome aberrations in meiosis, as well as on the breeding and genetic value of induced mutants and possibilities of their use in breeding. The methodical peculiarities of the mutational breeding of the cross-pollinating crop were defined, and new mutants with changed features were created.Investigating new homozygous self-pollinated sunflower lines, we observed a more negative mutagenic impact of gamma irradiation (120 and 150 Gy) on the germinability of M1 sunflower seeds in the field compared with the DMS effect (0.01 and 0.05 %). The field germinability of DMS-treated seeds was 83–87 % vs. 11–15 % of gamma-irradiated ones.The mutagenic effect of gamma rays (120 and 150 Gy) on M1 meiosis was shown to be stronger than that of DMS (0.01 and 0.05 %). The percentage of cells with alterations varied within 15.79–18.78 % (120 Gy) and 20.38–25.26 % (150 Gy) compared to 0–0.16 % in the control.The effect of gamma rays on the frequency of morphoses in M1 was stronger, in particular, after exposure to 120 Gy or 150 Gy of gamma irradiation, the number of plants with alterations was 43 %, whereas after DMS treatment (0.01 and 0.05 %) this parameter averaged 27–28 %.We determined the inheritance of mutations of quantitative and qualitative traits, which are important for breeding, in mutant M2 families and selected mutant families with inherited altered traits that can be considered as mutations. Among the best mutations, there are morphological mutants with marker traits, mutants with increased content of oil in seeds, increased 1000-seed weight, increased contents of behenic, linoleic and palmitoleic acids as well as with absolute resistance to downy mildew.

scholarly journals Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Chlorophyll Content in the Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
C. Azigwe ◽  
P. A. D. Zoryeku ◽  
I. K. Asante ◽  
F. Oppong-Adjei
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Cowpea Seeds

The experiment was conducted to study the mutagenic effect of gamma rays on chlorophyll content at three different physiological stages in the cowpea: pre-flowering, flowering and post-flowering. Five sets of cowpea seeds were subjected to individual doses of gamma rays: 400 Gy, 450 Gy, 500 Gy, 600 Gy and 0 Gy. The seeds were sown to raise the M1 generation. The M1 generation seeds were collected and sown in the next season to raise the M2 generation. Leaf chlorophyll content was measured for M2 generation plants. Mean chlorophyll content for pre-flowering stage ranged between 38.9 ± 8.17 (control) and 64.2 ± 6.16 (400 Gy). Flowering stage mean chlorophyll content ranged from 48.3 ± 14.4 (600 Gy) to 99.4 ± 6.22 (450 Gy). Post-harvest chlorophyll mean content ranged between 13.1 ±0.98 (600 Gy) and 38.0 ±1.90 (400 Gy). There were significant differences in treatment effects for pre-flowering (P = 0.021), flowering (P = 0.005) and harvest (P = 0.000). At pre-flowering treatment, treatment 400 Gy scored a significant increase of 64 percent (P = 0.02) above the control. The optimum dose for useful induced mutation for increases in chlorophyll concentration in the cowpea was 400 Gy.

scholarly journals Mutagenic Effect on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Seedling Survival of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp)

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ariraman ◽  
S. Gnanamurthy ◽  
D. Dhanavel ◽  
T. Bharathi ◽  
S. Murugan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Vigour Index

In the present investigation the seeds of Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp) were treated with different doses of gamma radiation (05KR, 10KR, 15KR, 20KR, 25KR, 30KR, 35KR, 40KR, 45KR, and 50KR) and concentration of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (05mM, 10mM, 15mM, 20mM, 25mM, 30mM, 35mM, 40mM, 45mM, and 50mM) for studying seed germination, seedling height, (shoot and root), seedling injury, seedling vigour index, and seedling survival of plants at 30th day. The seed germination percentage was decreased with increased in the concentration/doses when compared to control. The LD50 (Lethal dose) value was determined based upon the seed germination percentage. The 50 percentage of seed germination and reduction was observed in 20KR of gamma rays and 25mM of EMS and it is considered as LD50 value for both the treatments. The decrease in seed germination was more prominent with gamma rays than that of EMS treatments. The seedling parameters of gamma rays and EMS treated seedlings were progressively decreased with increase dose/concentration in all mutagenic treatments when compared to control. The maximum seedling parameters were observed in 05KR of gamma rays and 05mM of EMS. Minimum seedling parameters were observed in 50mM of EMS and 50KR of gamma rays respectively.

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