scholarly journals El acceso al pasado en una sociedad acelerada

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 11-32
Author(s):  
Iker Samper Ayape

Tras los acontecimientos bélicos que asolaron el mundo durante el siglo XX, en concreto, a partid de 1980, aumento el interés y el acercamiento teórico sobre el pasado y la memoria. Partiendo de ello, la cuestión a tratar en el presente trabajo es: qué características tiene nuestro presente y cómo esto determina algunas formas de acceso al pasado. Para luego preguntarnos sobre la relación que se establece con los memoriales, es decir, en qué medida el contexto o condiciones del sujeto mediatizan su relación con la memoria. Dado que la reflexión acerca de la memoria puede estar condicionada por las características propias de nuestro contexto: aceleración social. El acercamiento que puede tener un sujeto perteneciente a las generaciones más alejadas de lo acontecido en el siglo XX difiere mucho de la relación que pueden tener aquellos que vivieron el suceso o las consecuencias de una forma más inmediata. Por ello, debemos preguntarnos: ¿Hemos -sobre todo las generaciones más jóvenes- volcado la memoria y el conocimiento en objetos externos a los que recurrir y de esa manera no llevar el peso y poder adaptarnos al contexto actual? Estos objetos portadores de la memoria y conocimiento, como las imágenes, internet, o los memoriales, etc. ¿Están sólo bajo una lógica del consumo inmediato?, o ¿es el tipo de uso más potenciado? ¿Qué relación establecemos con los memoriales? Monumentos creados con el fin de recordar. After the warlike events that devastated the world during the 20th century, specifically, from 1980, interest and the theoretical approach on the past and memory increased. Starting from this, the question to be dealt with in the present work is: what characteristics does our present have and how this determines some forms of access to the past. To then ask ourselves about the relationship that is established with memorials, that is, to what extent the context or conditions of the subject mediate his relationship with memory. Since the reflection on memory can be conditioned by the characteristics of our context: social acceleration. The approach that a subject belonging to the generations furthest away from what happened in the twentieth century may have differs greatly from the relationship that those who experienced the event or the consequences can have in a more immediate way. For this reason, we must ask ourselves: Have we - especially the younger generations - turned memory and knowledge into external objects to turn to and thus not carry the weight and be able to adapt to the current context? These objects that carry memory and knowledge, such as images, the internet, or memorials, etc. Are they only under a logic of immediate consumption? Or is it the most enhanced type of use? What relationship do we establish with the memorials? Monuments created in order to remember.

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (67) ◽  
pp. 123-141
Author(s):  
Flaviano de Souza Alves

O homem consegue conversar com o mundo inteiro por meio da Internet, fazendo despertar para esta era de inovações e crescimento tecnológico. Embora pareça que, com o surgimento dessas redes, tenha-se estreitado laços entre pessoas de diversas partes do mundo, ao mesmo tempo, esta prática tem aumentado a vulnerabilidade das pessoas. O trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar a rede de atos criminosos existentes dentro da Deep Weeb. A justificativa para este estudo é o crescente interesse sobre o assunto, sobretudo nos meios acadêmicos, militares, nas áreas de Defesa e Segurança e em áreas policiais, visando também à grande necessidade de informar, analisar, investigar e alertar todos os cidadãos sobre os perigos e os riscos aos quais toda a sociedade está exposta. É necessário continuar com novas pesquisas e apontar novos mecanismos de combate para esses crimes cibernéticos, desenvolver melhores softwares (browser, antivírus, firewall etc.) e a configuração ideal desses softwares para acesso seguro a essa camada da rede. Na Deep Web depende de cada um escolher o que buscar.   Man mange to communicate with the entire world through the Internet and have awaked to this era of innovations and technological growth. Although it seems that ties between people from several parts of the world have been strengthened with the emergence of such networks, at the same time, this practice has increased the vulnerability of people. The paper aims to show the criminal acts network within the Deep Web. The rationale for this study is the rising interest on the subject, especially in the academic, military, defense and security areas and in police areas, seeking as well the great need to inform, analyze, investigate and alert all citizens about the dangers and the threats society has been exposed to. It is a need to continue with new researches and point out original mechanisms to combat these cyber crimes, develop better software (browser, antivirus, firewall, etc.) and its ideal configuration for a secure access to this network layer. At Deep Web, the search depends on everyone’s choice.   El hombre logra comunicarse con el mundo entero a través de Internet, haciendo despertar para esta era de innovaciones y crecimiento tecnológico. Aunque parezca que con el surgimiento de esas redes ha estrechado lazos entre personas de diversas partes del mundo, al mismo tiempo, esta práctica ha aumentado la vulnerabilidad de las personas. El trabajo tiene como objetivo de mostrar la red de actos criminales existentes dentro de Deep Weeb. La justificación para este estudio es el creciente interés sobre el tema, sobre todo en los medios académicos, en los militares, en las áreas de Defensa y Seguridad y en áreas policiales, buscando también la gran necesidad de informar, analizar, investigar y alertar a todos los ciudadanos sobre los mismos peligros y los riesgos a los que toda la sociedad está expuesta. Es necesario continuar con nuevas investigaciones y apuntar nuevos mecanismos de combate para esos crímenes cibernéticos, desarrollar mejores softwares (navegador, antivirus, firewall, etc.) y su configuración ideal para acceso seguro a esa capa de la red. En Deep web depende de lo que cada uno elija.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-442
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Le Baillif

Paris, “The Centre of All Centres”. Is It Still the Case? In La République Mondiale des Lettres published in 1999 and 2008, Ms. Casanova wrote: “Paris is the Greenwich meridian for literature” for the 19th and 20th centuries. Writers and artists have come to the city in the past because it was extremely attractive for creative and economic reasons. But at the beginning of the 21st century, with the rise of the New Media for writing, publishing and diffusing, is it correct to say that Paris is still supreme? Is location more important than the time devoted to writing and reading? The claims on which Ms. Casanova builds her assertions are not supported by the facts of recent history and geography. She refers to “La belle santé économique et la liberté” in Paris but she forgot to mention why artists came from central Europe. It was just because the life was cheaper in Paris than in Berlin, as Walter Benjamin observed in 1926. She notes that Paris was the world centre for high fashion and that writers came together there to be inspired by the place and each other. But these things are no longer true: Paris is one of the most unaffordable cities in the world. Fashion in clothes is determined in many centres, with fashion weeks held in New York, Milan and China; aesthetics no longer depend on a single country. Literary creativity has spread across many continents and the internet and social media provide access to millions of people around the globe. Globalisation has unified the world, note Jean-Philippe Toussaint and Sylvain Tesson, and brought the standardization of cultures. There is also the matter of the dominant language today. The French language has not changed since Ms. Casanova was doing her research, but French writers now dream of being translated into English to reach the largest audience around the world. Publishers also favour English to make the most profit because literature and art are now worldwide commodities. Writers and researchers use the Internet, which connects them with documents, libraries and people all over the world. Newspapers such as Le Monde and Le Figaro in France provide literary reviews from around the world; for example, Histoire de la Traduction Littéraire en Europe Médiane, compiled by Antoine Chalvin, Marie Vrinat-Nikolov, Jean-Léon Muller and Katre Talviste, was written up in Cahiers Littéraires du Monde. What about the readership? If publishing and merchandizing are accelerating and globalizing because of how the Internet changes time and distance, the writer still has to follow the rhythm of the subject.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Kamid Kamid ◽  
Yelli Ramalisa

Abstrak Matematika memiliki banyak nilai di dalamnya, namun dalam pembelajaran capaian yang diinginkan adalah penguasaan konsep materi bersifat teoritis yang belum menyentuh sisi kehidupan peserta didik. Media dan sarana belajar perlu mempertimbangkan lingkungan peserta didik serta kearifan lokal yang dapat mewarnai pembelajarannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan modul matematika dalam kerangka kajian budaya Jambi yang bermuatan budaya Jambi dan  nilai karakter dalam Matematika atau sebaliknya. Untuk jangka panjang, budaya jambi dapat dilestarikan dan dikembangkan melalui dunia pendidikan. Pengambilan data pada penelitian di bidang pendidikan matematika ini menggunakan  teknik data validasi ahli, observasi dan wawancara. Masing-masing teknik digunakan  sebagai triangulasi data yang dihasilkan dari subjek budayawan dan guru matematika serta pembelajaran di sekolah. Studi referensi digunakan menentukan data tentang nilai-nilai yang telah terjadi pada waktu lampau hingga kini. Observasi digunakan untuk menentukan data dari produk budaya di Jambi. Wawancara digunakan untuk memastikan data yang telah diperoleh dari dua teknik sebelumnya. Analisis data dilakukan untuk menentukan keterkaitan antara nilai-nilai dalam matematika dan nilai-nilai karakter dalam budaya Jambi atau sebaliknya. Hasil pengembangan berupa modul yang praktis dan dapat digunakan pada subjek autis. Disamping itu, modul juga memberikan efek yang positif pada motivasi belajar peserta didik karena muatan budaya yang digunakan konten yang menarik untuk dipelajari. Kata kunci: modul, siswa autis, budaya Jambi   Abstract Mathematics has many value ​​contained in it, however in the desired learning outcomes the mastery of the material concepts is still theoretical which has not touched the lives of students. Media and learning facilities need to consider the environment of students and local wisdom that can color part of their learning. This development research aims to develop modules for mathematical material within the framework of Jambi cultural studies. The desired achievement is the availability of modules that contain Jambi culture and character values ​​in Mathematics or vice versa. Furthermore, for the long term, Jambi culture can be preserved and developed through the world of education. Retrieval of data in research in the field of mathematics education uses data techniques expert validation, observation and interviews. Each technique is used as a triangulation of data generated from the subject of culture and the teacher of mathematics and learning in school. Reference studies are used to determine data about values ​​that have occurred in the past until now. Observation was used to determine data from cultural products in Jambi. Whereas interviews are used to ascertain data that has been obtained from the two previous techniques. Data analysis was performed to determine the relationship between values ​​in mathematics and character values ​​in Jambi culture or vice versa. The results of the development are practical modules and can be used on autistic subjects. Besides that, the module also has a positive effect on students' learning motivation because of the cultural content used by interesting content to learn. Keywords: module, autistic students, Jambi culture


Human Affairs ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Passini

AbstractIn the past few years, a wave of protest has spread across the world. The particularity of these uprisings lies in the way the Internet is used to support them. Scholars have analyzed these movements as being closely related to a generation that relies on the Internet as a means of organizing themselves as a force of social change. That is, the Internet is seen as a way of promoting the active participation of young people in political issues. Public opinion and the mass media hail the Arab Spring revolutions as movements beneficial to the democratization of oppressive regimes. By contrast, when disobedient movements emerge in democratic countries, they are generally more cautious in evaluating these movements as enriching democracy. This cautious opinion also concerns the use of social media. In this article, the so-called Twitter revolutions are discussed in light of the theories of social psychology that analyze the relationship between disobedience and democracy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-105
Author(s):  
Dorota Kozaryn ◽  
Agnieszka Szczaus

The subject of the analysis in the article are the etymological explanations presented in the old non-literary texts (i.e. the texts that function primarily outside literature, serving various practical purposes), i.e. in the sixteenth-century Kronika, to jest historyja świata (Chronicle, that is the history of the entire world) by Marcin Bielski and in two eighteenth-century encyclopaedic texts: Informacyja matematyczna (Mathematical information) by Wojciech Bystrzonowski and Nowe Ateny (New Athens) by Benedykt Chmielowski. The review of the etymological comments allows us to take notice of their considerable substantive and formal diversity. These comments apply to both native and foreign vocabulary. On the one hand, they provide information on the origin of proper names (toponyms and anthroponyms), and on the other hand, a whole range of these etymological comments concern common names. A depth of etymological comments presented in non-literary texts is significantly diversified and independent of the nature of the vocabulary to which these comments apply – they can be merely tips on sources of borrowings of foreign words, but they can also constitute a deeper analysis of the meaning and structure of individual words, both native and foreign. These comments are usually implementations of folk etymology. The role of etymological considerations in former non-literary texts is significant. First of all, these texts have a ludic function, typical of popularised texts – they are supposed to surprise, intrigue and entertain readers. Secondly, they serve a cognitive function typical of non-literary texts – they are supposed to expand the readers’ knowledge about the world and language. Thirdly, they have a persuasive function, which is a distinctive feature of both popularised and non-literary texts – they are supposed to provoke the readers’ thoughts on the relationship between non-linguistic reality and the linguistic way of its interpretation, they also stimulate linguistic interests, which was particularly important in the past when the reflection on the native language was poor.


2016 ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Pier Giuseppe Rossi

The subject of alignment is not new to the world of education. Today however, it has come to mean different things and to have a heuristic value in education according to research in different areas, not least for neuroscience, and to attention to skills and to the alternation framework.This paper, after looking at the classic references that already attributed an important role to alignment in education processes, looks at the strategic role of alignment in the current context, outlining the shared construction processes and focusing on some of the ways in which this is put into effect.Alignment is part of a participatory, enactive approach that gives a central role to the interaction between teaching and learning, avoiding the limits of behaviourism, which has a greater bias towards teaching, and cognitivism/constructivism, which focus their attention on learning and in any case, on that which separates a teacher preparing the environment and a student working in it.


Author(s):  
Gerhard Preyer

The study of meaning in language embraces a diverse range of problems and methods. Philosophers think through the relationship between language and the world; linguists document speakers’ knowledge of meaning; psychologists investigate the mechanisms of understanding and production. Up through the early 2000s, these investigations were generally compartmentalized: indeed, researchers often regarded both the subject matter and the methods of other disciplines with skepticism. Since then, however, there has been a sea change in the field, enabling researchers increasingly to synthesize the perspectives of philosophy, linguistics, and psychology and to energize all the fields with rich new intellectual perspectives that facilitate meaningful interchange. One illustration of the trend is the publication of Lepore and Stone’s ...


1893 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 401-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl A. von Zittel

In a spirited treatise on the ‘Origin of our Animal World’ Prof. L. Rütimeyer, in the year 1867, described the geological development and distribution of the mammalia, and the relationship of the different faunas of the past with each other and with that now existing. Although, since the appearance of that masterly sketch the palæontological material has been, at least, doubled through new discoveries in Europe and more especially in North and South America, this unexpected increase has in most instances only served as a confirmation of the views which Rutimeyer advanced on more limited experience. At present, Africa forms the only great gap in our knowledge of the fossil mammalia; all the remaining parts of the world can show materials more or less abundantly, from which the course followed by the mammalia in their geological development can be traced with approximate certainty.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6222
Author(s):  
Kacper Szewczyk ◽  
Aleksandra Chojnacka ◽  
Magdalena Górnicka

Tocopherols and tocotrienols are natural compounds of plant origin, available in the nature. They are supplied in various amounts in a diet, mainly from vegetable oils, some oilseeds, and nuts. The main forms in the diet are α- and γ-tocopherol, due to the highest content in food products. Nevertheless, α-tocopherol is the main form of vitamin E with the highest tissue concentration. The α- forms of both tocopherols and tocotrienols are considered as the most metabolically active. Currently, research results indicate also a greater antioxidant potential of tocotrienols than tocopherols. Moreover, the biological role of vitamin E metabolites have received increasing interest. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge of tocopherol and tocotrienol bioactivity, with a particular focus on their bioavailability, distribution, and metabolism determinants in humans. Almost one hundred years after the start of research on α-tocopherol, its biological properties are still under investigation. For several decades, researchers’ interest in the biological importance of other forms of vitamin E has also been growing. Some of the functions, for instance the antioxidant functions of α- and γ-tocopherols, have been confirmed in humans, while others, such as the relationship with metabolic disorders, are still under investigation. Some studies, which analyzed the biological role and mechanisms of tocopherols and tocotrienols over the past few years described new and even unexpected cellular and molecular properties that will be the subject of future research.


1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Susan Brady

Over the past decade academic and research libraries throughout the world have taken advantage of the enormous developments in communication technology to improve services to their users. Through the Internet and the World Wide Web researchers now have convenient electronic access to library catalogs, indexes, subject bibliographies, descriptions of manuscript and archival collections, and other resources. This brief overview illustrates how libraries are facilitating performing arts research in new ways.


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