scholarly journals La construcción de sujetos en torno a la institucionalización de políticas públicas de género en Chile.

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-131
Author(s):  
Paulina Orellana

Este artículo analiza cómo se construyen sujetos por parte del Estado en torno a la institucionalización de políticas de género en un contexto neoliberal, sustentada en mi investigación de maestría “La paradoja entre los discursos de igualdad y las prácticas desiguales. La construcción de sujetos en torno al género en Chile: El caso del Servicio Nacional de la Mujer”. Se hace revisión a los condicionamientos estructurales del neoliberalismo y las relaciones entre Estado y política pública en el contexto de institucionalización de las demandas del movimiento feminista “Concertación Nacional de Mujeres por la Democracia”[1] en la creación del Servicio Nacional de la Mujer en 1991. [1] A lo largo del texto se utilizará la sigla “CNMD”. This article analyzes how is the State’s subject construction on gender policies institutionalization on a neoliberal context. It’s based on my master's thesis research called “The paradox between equality discourses and unequal practices. Subject’s construction around gender in Chile: The case of the National Women's Service”. It reviews neoliberalism structural conditionings, the relationship between State and public policy on the context of institutionalization of feminist movement “Women`s National Concentration for Democracy” demands on the creation of the National Women's Service on 1991.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Rafael De Figueiredo Lopes ◽  
Wilson De Souza Nogueira

O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o Cinema no Amazonas, apresentando aspectos da produção audiovisual desde o início do século XX à contemporaneidade, dando ênfase a produção de cineastas locais. Propomos a configuração de um “ecossistema comunicacional” a partir da relação entre contexto histórico, artistas, meio ambiente, políticas públicas, estéticas e ideologias. A abordagem teórico-metodológica parte da ideia de sociologia das ausências e emergências, de Boaventura de Sousa Santos, em diálogo com autores amazônicos, como João de Jesus Paes Loureiro, e de teóricos da cultura e do audiovisual. Além da pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizado um estudo de campo para mapear a situação do setor audiovisual regional. Percebe-se que, por diversos fatores ao longo da história, o cinema amazonense é um segmento que se mantém praticamente imperceptível ou ignorado, pois além de estar apartado do sistema industrial de produção, distribuição e exibição, ainda não conquistou o reconhecimento do público regional.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ecossistemas comunicacionais; Sociologia das emergências; cinema no Amazonas; Imaginário.     ABSTRACT This paper proposes a reflection on the Cinema in the Amazon, presenting aspects of audiovisual production since the beginning of the twentieth century to the contemporary, emphasizing the production of local filmmakers. We propose setting up a “communication ecosystem” from the relationship between historical context, artists, environment, public policy, aesthetics and ideologies. The theoretical and methodological approach of the idea of ​​sociology of absences and emergencies, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, in dialogue with Amazonian authors like Paes Loureiro, and theorists of culture and audiovisual. In addition to the literature search was conducted a field study to map the situation of the regional audiovisual sector. It is perceived that by various factors throughout history, the Amazonas film is a segment that remains almost invisible or ignored, as well as being separated from the industrial system of production, distribution and exhibition, has not won the recognition of the regional public.   KEY WORDS: Communicational ecosystems; Sociology of emergencies; Cinema in Amazon; Imaginary.     RESUMEN El artículo propone una reflexión sobre el cine en la Amazonía, la presentación de los aspectos de la producción audiovisual desde principios del siglo XX a lo contemporáneo, con énfasis en la producción de realizadores locales. Se propone la creación de un “ecosistema de comunicación” de la relación entre el contexto histórico, los artistas, el medio ambiente, la política pública, la estética y las ideologías. El enfoque teórico y metodológico parte de la idea de la sociología de las ausencias y emergencias de Boaventura de Sousa Santos, en diálogo con autores de la Amazonía, como Juan de Jesus Paes Loureiro, y los teóricos de la cultura y audiovisual. Además de la búsqueda bibliográfica se llevó a cabo un estudio de campo para mapear la situación del sector audiovisual regional. Se dio cuenta de que, por diversos factores a lo largo de historia, la película en Amazonas es un segmento que permanece casi invisible o ignorada, además de estar separada del sistema industrial de producción, distribución y exhibición, no ha ganado el reconocimiento del público regional.   PALABRAS CLAVE: Ecosistemas comunicacionales; Sociología de las emergencias; Películas em Amazonas; Imaginario.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Acácia Barros Fernandes Dutra ◽  
Marta Maria Castanho Almeida Pernambuco

O artigo ora exposto é fruto de uma pesquisa de mestrado concluída em 2018 e que teve como objetivo refletir acerca da educação do campo e suas interfaces; privilegiou-se observar a relação existente entre o debate de uma educação que respeita a particularidade dos povos do campo e as práticas educativas executadas historicamente pelos movimentos sociais populares do campo, práticas essas, que ao nosso ver nascem na década de 1960 atrelada a perspectiva da educação popular, vindo ao decorrer dos anos reverberar em ações e políticas públicas a exemplo do Programa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária/ Pronera, que ganhou nas últimas décadas status de política pública, completando vinte anos de existência em 2018. Neste entendimento, perceber a relação da educação do campo e da educação popular, da construção do Pronera enquanto projeto coletivo historicamente calcado no seio dos movimentos sociais, bem como o que diferenciam as práticas educativas na perspectiva do Pronera daquelas tradicionais é de suma importância em tempos de exceção.Palavras-chaves: Educação do campo; Educação Popular; Movimentos Sociais; Pronera. ABSTRACT: The article presented here is the result of a master 's study completed in 2018 and aimed to reflect on the countryside education and its interfaces; it was necessary to observe the relation between the debate of an education that respects the particularity of the rural people and the educational practices historically carried out by the popular social movements of the countryside, which we believe were born in the 1960s, linked to the perspective of popular education, over the years reverberate in actions and public policies such as the National Program for Education in Agrarian Reform, which has gained public policy status in the last decades, completing twenty years of existence in 2018. In this understanding, perceive the relationship of education of the countryside and popular education, the construction of the Pronera as a collective project historically based on social movements, as well as what differentiates educational practices from the Pronera perspective of those traditions is of paramount importance in times of exception.Keywords: Countryside education; Popular education; Social movements; Pronera.


2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Celecina de Maria Veras Sales ◽  
Lidiany Alexandre Azevedo

O artigo objetiva avaliar a experiência do enfrentamento à violência contra as mulheres em Maracanaú-CE. Pauta-se em um paradigma experiencial de avaliação de políticas públicas, que toma como base os preceitos da abordagem qualitativa e com uma aproximação da realidade orientada no método etnográfico. Faz uso de pesquisa documental, observação, registro em diário de campo e entrevistas compreensivas. Percebe que a experiência local, apesar da falta de investimento do governo municipal em políticas de gênero, bem como de não seguir todas as orientações propostas pelo texto da Política Nacional de Enfrentamento à Violência contra a Mulher, tem conseguido realizar o enfrentamento à violência contra as mulheres na perspectiva de integração dos quatro eixos que o compõe (prevenção, combate, assistência e garantia de direitos) e da atuação ético-política dos atores institucionais.Palavras-chave: Violência. Gênero. Avaliação de Política Pública. Enfrentamento à violência contra a mulher.THE EXPERIENCE OF CONFRONTING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN MARACANAÚ-CEAbstractThe article aims to evaluate the experience of confronting violence against women in Maracanaú-CE. It is guided by an experiential paradigm of public policies evaluation, which is based on the precepts of the qualitative approach and with an approximation of reality oriented in the ethnographic method. We made use of documentary research, observation, field journaling and comprehensive interviews. We realize that local experience, despite the municipal government's lack of investment in gender policies, as well as not following all the guidelines proposed by the text of the National Policy againstViolence against Women, has been able to address violence against women. women in the perspective of integrating the four axes that compose it (prevention, combat, assistance and guarantee of rights) and the ethical-political performance of institutional actors.Keywords: Violence. Gender. Public policy evaluation. Confronting violence against women.


2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Claudia Espinosa Díaz ◽  
Daniel Vázquez Valencia

Hay tres procesos políticos que interactúan en algunos países de América Latina: el giro a la izquierda, la generación de movimientos constituyentes impulsados por dichos gobiernos, y un cada vez más relevante papel de los derechos humanos (DH) en la formulación de política pública (PP). Daremos cuenta de la convergencia de estos procesos situándonos en el último: la PP con perspectiva de DH (PPDH). La constitucionalización de los derechos humanos es un tema extensamente trabajado; sin embargo, la vinculación de este con la política pública es un ámbito de análisis relativamente nuevo, aunque fundamental para entender las brechas entre el cumplimiento y el ejercicio de los derechos humanos. Nos preguntamos: ¿cuál es la relación entre las constituciones emitidas por los gobiernos del giro a la izquierda y la formulación de PPDH? Se esperaría que el papel que tomaron los DH en las nuevas constituciones tuviera un impacto sostenido en la formulación de la PP;  no obstante, esto no es necesariamente así. Si bien hay interacción entre las constituciones y las PP, hay dos aspectos interesantes por subrayar: el proceso de resignificación, en el caso ecuatoriano, y la segunda vuelta institucional, en el caso venezolano. Public policies with a human rights perspective in the shift to the left. From rupture to the second round in Venezuela and Ecuador  Abstract  There are three processes that interact in certain countries in Latin America: the shift to the left, movements to develop new constitutions driven by left wing governments , and the increasingly relevant role played by human rights in the development of public policy. We will make evident these interactions by analyzing this last point: public policy with a human rights perspective (PPHR). The inclusion of human rights in constitutions is something that has been thoroughly analyzed; yet the link of this inclusion with pubic policy is an area that is relatively new despite it being key in understanding the gaps between the fulfillment and enjoyment of human rights. We ask: what is the relationship between constitutions issued by left wing governments and the development of PPHR? One would expect that the role played by human rights in new constitutions would have a sustained impact in the development of PP. This is not necessarily the case: although there is interaction between constitutions and PP, there are two interesting aspects to highlight: the rebranding in the case of Ecuador and the second round in the case of Venezuela.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Nogueira Menezes Mourão ◽  
Mariana E Almeida ◽  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral

Title in Portuguese: Seguro-desemprego e formalidade no mercado de trabalho brasileiroAbstract: This paper analyzes the relationship between unemployment benefits and formal employment in the Brazilian labor market. The central hypothesis is that these policies have a negative impact on the incidence of formal employment, after receiving the benefits. The databases used are the 1999–2009 Brazilian household surveys (PNAD). Logistic regression models were estimated, in order to evaluate the effect of unemployment benefits on the Brazilian labor market. The dependent variable indicates the occurrence of formal employment for workers. In addition to a set of independent variables (survey year, region of residence, census area, sex, race, age and education), the models include a public policy evaluation variable (unemployment benefits), as well as variables to analyze the trend of this public policy over time. After receiving unemployment benefits, the incidence of formal employment among workers decreases by 42%. The analysis of interactive terms indicates that increases in the real values of the benefits, held since 1999, have not caused significant effects on the dependent variable.Resumo: Este trabalho analisa a relação entre seguro-desemprego e emprego formal no mercado de trabalho brasileiro. A hipótese central é de que o recebimento deste benefício tem efeito negativo sobre a formalidade do trabalho no período posterior ao seu recebimento. São usados dados da PNAD (1999-2009). Para avaliar o efeito do seguro-desemprego sobre o mercado de trabalho brasileiro, foram estimados modelos de regressão logística. A variável dependente indica a formalidade no trabalho principal. Além de uma série de variáveis independentes (ano da pesquisa, região de residência, situação censitária, sexo, raça, idade e escolaridade), os modelos contêm uma variável de avaliação de política pública (seguro-desemprego) e variáveis para analisar a tendência desta política pública no decorrer do tempo. O recebimento do benefício do seguro-desemprego apresenta efeito negativo de 42% sobre a formalidade no trabalho principal no momento posterior ao recebimento do benefício. A análise dos termos interativos permite indicar que reajustes dos valores do benefício, realizados desde 1999, não causaram efeitos relevantes na formalização do trabalho.


2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Duff

On 1 April 1996, a rather odd provision was introduced into the Scottish criminal justice process, namely a duty on both prosecution and defence to try to agree uncontroversial evidence in advance of criminal trial.1 As far as the writer is aware, such a provision is unique, although the philosophy underlying its introduction is not totally alien to inquisitorial systems of criminal justice.2 What is particularly peculiar about this duty is that there is no sanction for a failure, however unreasonable, to agree uncontroversial evidence.3 The lack of a sanction resulted from a concern that the creation of any penalty would impinge unjustifiably upon the rights of the accused. The intention in this article is to explore in detail the relationship between the duty to agree uncontroversial evidence and the position of the accused, and to suggest that the imposition of a sanction for a breach of this duty is not as problematic as was thought by those responsible for the legislation.


Panggung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Sahid

ABSTRACTRevolutionary struggle in order to compete for the independence of Indonesia has been a source of inspiration Indonesian artists, including Bambang Soelarto who wrote drama Domba-domba Re- volusi (DDR). DDR studied drama is quite interesting because it tries to criticize the freedom fight- ers. This study aims to: first to know the theme and the problem plays DDR; second to determine the relationship of the socio - historical struggle in 1948 with the sociological elements of drama DDR themes and issues. This study uses sociological theory of art. The basic principles of the sociology of art is the fact that the creation of works of art influenced by the historical social conditions where the work was created. Research using content analysis of Krippendorf, the methods used to examine the symbolic phenomena with the aim to explore and express the observed phenomenon which is the content, meaning, and an essential element of the literary work. Based results of this research is that Bambang Soelarto as the author tries to capture di?erence between fighters during the struggle for the political aspirations for 1948 are expressed in a work of drama. Historical events inspired the creation of drama DDR. Soelarto want to respond to the political aspirations of the di?erence between historical figures and wanted to provide an assessment and outlook through DDR.Keywords: themes, drama, sociology of art, social historical ABSTRAKRevolusi perjuangan dalam rangka memperebutkan kemerdekaan Indonesia telah men- jadi sumber inspirasi para seniman Indonesia, termasuk Bambang Soelarto yang menulis drama Domba-domba Revolusi (DDR). Drama DDR cukup menarik diteliti karena mencoba mengkritisi para pejuang kemerdekaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: pertama, mengeta- hui tema dan permasalah drama DDR; kedua, mengetahui hubungan kondisi sosio-histo- ris perjuangan pada tahun 1948 dengan unsur-unsur sosiologis terimplisir pada unsur tema dan masalah drama DDR. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sosiologi seni. Prinsip dasar dari sosiologi seni adalah adanya fakta bahwa penciptaan karya seni dipengaruhi oleh kon- disi sosial historis tempat karya itu diciptakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode con- tent analysis dari Krippendorf, yakni metode yang dipergunakan untuk meneliti fenome- na-fenomena simbolik dengan tujuan untuk menggali dan mengungkapkan fenomena yang teramati yang merupakan isi, makna, dan unsur esensial karya sastra. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa Bambang Soelarto sebagai penulis mencoba un- tuk menangkap perbedaan antara pejuang aspirasi politik selama perjuangan tahun 1948 untuk diekspresikan dalam sebuah karya drama. Peristiwa sejarah mengilhami penciptaan drama DDR. Soelarto ingin menanggapi aspirasi politik perbedaan antara tokoh-tokoh se- jarah dan ingin memberikan penilaian dan pandangan pandangannnya melalui DDR.Kata kunci: tema, drama, sosiologi seni, sosial historis


2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
N. V. Khalikovа

The article considers the functions of the system of verbal imagery’s in the creation of the scientific style of V.V. Vinogradov. The figurativeness of basic, background and metaphorical terms is described. The semantic structure of the image of the basic term «style» is analyzed, figurative paradigms of the concepts Language, Speech and Style are revealed. The article shows the relationship between scientific thinking and metaphorical style, the role of sustainable cognitive metaphors in the creation, storage and transfer of pragmatic information and the creation of a cultural and historical context.


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