scholarly journals Lessons from the past for the future: The definition and mobilisation of Hindu nationhood by the Hindu nationalist movement of India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sammyh S. Khan ◽  
Ted Svensson ◽  
Yashpal A. Jogdand ◽  
James H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Theory Of History ◽  
Historical Trajectory ◽  
Definition Of

Guided by a self-categorisation and social-identity framework of identity entrepreneurship (Reicher & Hopkins, 2001), and social representations theory of history (Liu & Hilton, 2005), this paper examines how the Hindu nationalist movement of India defines Hindu nationhood by embedding it in an essentialising historical narrative. The heart of the paper consists of a thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) of the ideological manifestos of the Hindu nationalist movement in India, “Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?” (1928) and “We, or Our Nationhood Defined” (1939), written by two of its founding leaders – Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and Madhav Sadashiv Golwalkar, respectively. The texts constitute authoritative attempts to define Hindu nationhood that continue to guide the Hindu nationalist movement today. The derived themes and sub-themes indicate that the definition of Hindu nationhood largely was embedded in a narrative about its historical origins and trajectory, but also its future. More specifically, a ‘golden age’ was invoked to define the origins of Hindu nationhood, whereas a dark age in its historical trajectory was invoked to identify peoples considered to be enemies of Hindu nationhood, and thereby to legitimise their exclusion. Through its selective account of past events and its efforts to utilise this as a cohesive mobilising factor, the emergence and rise of the Hindu nationalist movement elucidate lessons that further our understanding of the rise of right-wing movements around the world today.

GREEN ECONOMIC MODEL: PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Елена Александровна Тарханова
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

За последние двадцать лет в мире сформировалась концепция «зеленой» экономики, которая соединила в себе комплексную увязку двух ключевых компонентов: экономического и экологического. Такая модель экономики должна способствовать более гармоничному согласованию между этими компонентами, которое было бы уместно для всех государств. В статье изучены предпосылки становления и развития «зеленой» экономической модели. Проведено исследование подходов международных организаций к определению понятия «зеленая» экономика. Over the past twenty years, the concept of a "green" economy has emerged in the world, which combines a complex alignment of two key components: economic and environmental. Such an economic model should contribute to a more harmonious harmonization between these components, which would be appropriate for all groups of countries. The article studies the prerequisites for the formation and development of a "green" economic model. A study of the approaches of national and international organizations to the definition of the concept of "green" economy.

scholarly journals Contemporary understanding of the spiritual message of the Kosovo myth

2019 ◽  
pp. 313-325
Author(s):  
Borislav Grozdic ◽  
Valerija Dabetic
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Value System ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Common Value ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spiritual Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

In the aggressive dominance of critical rational thinking over the mythical worldview, myth as a historical and effective force does not lose its actuality and importance, because myths often hide deeper messages than what history can offer. In such a social context, the significance of the spiritual message of the Kosovo myth - the commitment to the Heavenly Kingdom, as a lasting common value of the Serbian people, returns as a theme. In spite of its omnipresence, the opinion prevails that the myth belongs to the past, and if it is not yet obsolete, it certainly should be. The authors advocate the idea that myth, as a comprehensive experience of the world, and therefore the Kosovo myth as well, is a factor of national integration, a part of collective identity, and a common value system. Analysing the secular and spiritual understanding of the Kosovo myth, the authors point out the importance of the vivid memory of the prince Lazar?s commitment to the Heavenly Kingdom. For Christians, this represents the value and goal above all others and it forms the core of the Serbian historical consciousness and spiritual community. The paper shows that the spiritual message of the Kosovo myth is not understood or it is misunderstood nowadays, since the commitment to Kosovo is perceived as a call and an obligation to die for it. The authors conclude that the Kosovo myth is not a call to die in the war, on the contrary, it is a struggle for external and internal freedom, as well as for the highest values that are implied by the definition of the Heavenly Kingdom ? peace, love, honour, justice, dignity, and others.

scholarly journals History and Historiography in Early Christian Ireland

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (33) ◽  
pp. 197-227
Author(s):  
Dominique Santos
Keyword(s):  
Early Christian ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theory Of History ◽  
Bilingual Literacy

Despite modern writers noticing the importance of Premodern historiographical phenomena for a deeper comprehension of both Theory of History and History of Historiography, the Irish contribution to the subject is often left aside. Topics such as the Seanchas Tradition and Medieval Irish Classicism are not well integrated into such historiographical narrative. The Seanchaidh, the Irish Artifex of the Past, for example, is broadly mentioned as not a historian, but a chronicler, antiquary, genealogist, hagiographer or pedigree systematizer. This article addresses these issues and, more specifically, we focus on two Irish narratives produced in 7th century by Muirchú and Tírechán. Since they belong to the world of orality and bilingual literacy of Early Christian Ireland, perhaps their works could be understood as bounded by the Seanchas Tradition and Medieval Irish Classicism, hence, both could be considered as great examples of the producers of History and Historiography at the time.

Curatorial Expeditions: The Ramallah Safari

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Sherwell
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Art Practices ◽  
The World ◽  
Stuart Hall ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

The last twenty-five years have witnessed significant transformation in the geopolitics of Palestinian art.[2] From the outset, we need to consider a definition of Palestinian art by recognizing that it is not art that is specifically created in one place, but that, owing to the history of dispossession and diaspora, Palestinian artists can be found all over the world. Therefore, Palestinian art necessarily starts from multiple sites of enunciation and is inevitably influenced by site and location. As Stuart Hall suggests, “identities are the names we give to the different ways we are positioned by, position ourselves within, the narratives of the past.”[3] For the purposes of this paper, I will mainly be focusing on the art of Palestinians from the Occupied Territories, while touching on the production of artists based in various other locations around the globe. I will first provide some context to the development of art practices, before specifically going on to speak about curatorial practices in relation to how the work of Palestinian artists is curated by international curators.

Frenemy: A New Addition to the Bullying Circle

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051988016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Wójcik ◽  
Wojciech Flak
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relations ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Being Bullied ◽  
Bullying Behavior ◽  
Participant Role ◽  
Definition Of

Greater knowledge on the social complexities of bullying is crucial to reduce actual bullying behavior. Two main approaches have been used to study bullying: the participant role approach and the bullying circle. In this study, we explored bullying through interviewing adults who had been victims of school bullying in the past, investigating how they perceived their experiences, and how they interpreted the bullying context and their surrounding peer relations. We interviewed 20 participants (more than 18 years old), all of whom had experience of being bullied for more than 1 year. The interview data were then analyzed with a thematic analysis. We found that participants had a different definition of bullying compared with the standard definition formulated by researchers. They also confirmed the fluidity of participants’ roles and the changes in behavioral patterns toward victims, depending on the peer context. Most importantly, we revealed a new participant in the bullying circle: the frenemy, whose intervention style changes from pro-victim when alone with the victim to neutral or pro-aggressor when surrounded by members of the bullying circle. This new addition adds to our understanding of the bullying process and the relationships within the bullying circle, which may help with more effective prevention.

scholarly journals THEORY OF THE HISTORICAL NARRATIVE IN THE CONTEMPORARY MYTHODOLOGICAL DISCOURSES

2016 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
A. Kosheliev
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Analytical Philosophy ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Analytic Tradition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Text ◽  
Theory Of History ◽  
The Common

Article says about process of the development theory historical narrative during second half XX – XXI centuries. Attention is paid on questions of the connection between the historical narrative and past reality and on the influence subject-objective attitude in the process demonstration of the historian's research results. Article concerns the transformation of the perception by theoreticians of history the connection between texts and the past reality. Research of the theory of historical narrative begins with a review of vision in the analytic tradition the connection between historical text and the past, what he researches. Emphasize on the logical-deductive element of formation the historical research results, considering the specific of perception the problem by analytics. Building on the achievements of analytical philosophy of history article says about the postmodern narrative theory of history, which was formed by H. White. Research of this theory based on connection with analytic tradition; traces the common roots of both directions and difference between them. Attention is paid on the poetic element of the historical narrative.

scholarly journals Halal entrepreneurship from Maqasid-al-Sharia’h perspective: inseparable concept for Halalpreneurs

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Abdullah ◽  
M.S.E. Azam
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conference Papers

Entrepreneurship has become one of the vital activities for economic development. It is synonymous with job creation, innovation, improvement in the societal well-being and economic growth in developed and developing countries alike. There is great interest in entrepreneurship globally as well as in Malaysia. Over the past few years, many individuals, as well as families, are actively engaged with the small business. Also, in light of the 2013 GEM study, 12.7% of Americans are effectively occupied with beginning a business or are the proprietor/director of a business that is under three years of age. Simultaneously, the Halal industry, that represents the global Islamic economy, is the fastest-growing market in the world with $2.3 trillion market value. Halal entrepreneurs (Halalpreneurs) are the major contributors to this achievement as they constitute a significant portion of the total establishment in most of the Muslim countries. That is the reason Entrepreneurship has turned into a conventional term that depicts a wide range of practices that include being innovative, devilish and tricky. Entrepreneurship has been defined by many scholars, researchers, industry players, and academicians globally which have also been perceived in the same way by most of the economies around the world. However, the Islamic economy looks at the concept of ‘entrepreneurship’ in a different way and perceives it as ‘Halalpreneurship’. To define entrepreneurship in the halal industry, although, the term ‘Halalpreneurship’ is being used, surprisingly the term has not been defined properly yet. It is essential for the Muslim entrepreneurs to have a proper understanding of Halalpreneurship from Maqasid-al-Shariah perspective. Such point of view is crucial to justify the term in the Halal industry and differentiate from conventional entrepreneurs. On this context, this paper provides concept and definition of Halalpreneurship justifying from the perspective of Maqasid-al-Sharia’h. It also identifies the differences between Halalpreneurs and entrepreneurs using secondary resources available in the forms of literature, research papers, journal papers, articles, conference papers, online publications, etc. The findings of the study will clarify the concept of Halalpreneurship from Maqasid-al-Sharia’h perspective and recognize Halalpreneurs distinguished from conventional entrepreneurs.

Reimagining Community Past and Present in Ezra and Nehemiah

2018 ◽  
pp. 275-289
Author(s):  
Melody D. Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Persian Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Working Through ◽  
The World ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Social Markers ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Temple

As the books of Ezra and Nehemiah employ literary modes and genres to reconstruct the past, they construct and promote a distinct definition of community. The variety of modes and genres perform literary functions such as characterization and plot development even as they enact ideological ones by promoting attitudes about key social markers. Working through sections of the books in order, this chapter examines the modes of direct, dramatic, and documentary narrative in connection with genres such as prayer, list, genealogy, and “memoir,” to see the ways in which the books construe their religion and their community anew in the Persian period. The accounts of the rebuilding of the temple and wall construct a vision of the Diaspora community working together with Yehud, supported by their powerful God who is using the Persian imperium to enact the divine way in the world.

scholarly journals Introduction

Transfers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Mayurakshi Chaudhuri ◽  
Viola Thimm
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Special Section ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Trajectory ◽  
Power Negotiations

The past decade has witnessed an exponential growth in literature on the diverse forms, practices, and politics of mobility. Research on migration has been at the forefront of this field. Themes in this respect include heterogeneous practices that have developed out of traditions of resistance to a global historical trajectory of imperialism and colonialism. In response to such historical transformations of recent decades, the nature of postcolonial inquiry has evolved. Such changing postcolonial trajectories and power negotiations are more pronounced in specific parts of the world than in others. To that end, “Postcolonial Intersections: Asia on the Move” is a special section that engages, examines, and analyzes everyday power negotiations, focusing particularly on Asia. Such everyday negotiations explicitly point to pressure points and movements across multiple geosocial scales where gender, religion, age, social class, and caste, to name a few, are constantly negotiated and redefined via changing subjectivities.

Take back the past

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-467
Author(s):  
GEORGE WATSON
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Health Plans ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Take Back ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theory Of History ◽  
Surprising Fact ◽  
The Welfare State

The surprising fact about the 20th century was the return of the liberal free market, circling back to where it began. It was helped because liberalism, unlike socialism, was never a theory of history and could not be falsified by events. But, socialist historians still control the past, and it is still widely believed that the welfare state was created by socialism and that genocide is right-wing. In fact, socialist leaders, fearful of preserving capitalism, opposed the welfare state, which in Britain was the creation of Asquith. Between the wars, Labour had no national health plans, and it was the last of the British parties to accept the Beveridge report. Repetition and suppression have entrenched the myth, which is widely accepted, that welfare equals socialism. The first history of socialism, by a French radical, Alfred Sudre, was opposed to socialism as a conservative idea; Marx and Engels, Ruskin and Morris were openly conservative and the Bolsheviks proudly elitist.

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