The Rise of the Hydrofoil and the Displacement of the Hull: The Design, Construction and Performance Measurement of a 6m Flying Catamaran

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Chapman ◽  
George Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Height Control ◽  
Structural Fragility ◽  
Ultimate Failure ◽  
Lifting Surfaces ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Design Construction

The evolution of an all-round 6-metre hybrid displacement/flying day-sailing catamaran is described. A 4.9m prototype was a relatively conventional, but wide, beach-cat type platform with a single fractional rig. Fitted with mechanically incidence-controlled horizontal lifting surfaces beneath the twin daggerboards and a single inverted T rudder, the boat could be sailed in one of three modes: fully displacement with the lifting foils locked in neutral; one hull displacement and the other flying under automatic height control; two hull flying. The small size and structural fragility of the 4.9m boat led to the construction of a 2-man 6m version which, despite being overweight, performs satisfactorily over a wider range of operating conditions than her predecessor. A simple VPP suggested that a second pair of lifting foils with greater area would enlarge the fully oilborne performance envelope upwind, although reducing top speeds on other courses. In practice these foils performed poorly other than on flat water. Other errors contributed to the ultimate failure of one foil-strut assembly, the mode of which is described in detail. Prior to this it was found that operating the foils as stabilisers, i.e. in their active mode but with the hulls in the water, provided a remarkably comfortable, safe and fast ride, particularly upwind in gusty weather. Subsequently, "flying displacement" became the preferred upwind mode, with the original, smaller lifters. Because the author's working hours have limited the opportunity to sail against other similar sized beach cats, instruments to record the boat's performance have been developed. Based around readily available low cost microcontroller technology, the data gathered is processed to identify short, steady periods of sailing. The resulting polar diagrams have compared favourably with predicted performance. Supporting the weight of a boat, as well as resisting roll and pitch moments, through a more subtle combination of dynamic foil lift and hull displacement than presented here provides a continuing opportunity for further developments.

scholarly journals Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation of a Dual-Powered Cooker

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-85
Author(s):  
A. A. Adegbola ◽  
A. D. Ogunsola ◽  
R. O. Olanrewaju ◽  
O. O. Olaleye
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Multiple Features ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Electric Source ◽  
Design Construction

A dual-powered cooker is a combination of components that makes possible the use of alternative heat sources. Due to the irregular power supply common in developing countries, as well as the growing high cost of hydrocarbon fuel sources, the need arises for the development of a dual energy source that uses both electricity and gas for heating and cooking. The aim of this research work is to design, construct and carry out a performance evaluation of a dual-powered cooker. The materials for the research work were locally sourced and selected based on suitability in reference to the design requirement of the cooker. The cooker consists of two divisions, each fitted with a burner operating on distinct energy sources, electricity and gas. Within the electric burner is a heating element that generates and dissipates heat across a hotplate. On the other hand, cooking gas is supplied to the burner located at the other segment of the cooker via a threaded pipe connection to a gas cylinder, secured unto a control mechanism that allows the burning rate to be varied progressively and continuously. The temperature of the water was allowed to synergize with the ambient temperature of the room before testing. Several important findings can be drawn from this assessment. The gas cooker has a  higher overall thermal efficiency between (57.50% [without lid] - 62.84% [with lid]) as opposed to the efficiency of its electric counterpart, which falls between (29.78% [without lid] - 39.12% [with lid]). The dual-powered cooker was successfully designed, constructed and evaluated. The gas cooker has a higher efficiency than the electric cooker. Primarily, the gas cooker is at an advantage as it does not need to preheat or rely on power from an electric source subject to fluctuation in voltage before cooking, unlike the electric cooker; therefore, making it better at a wider range of cooking operations.It combines the best of gas and electric cookers. Gas hobs that are quick to heat up and easy to control, plus electric ovens with more accurate heat settings and multiple features.

Performance Analysis of CAES Power Plant Energy Storage Sub-System for Wind Power

2011 ◽  
Vol 130-134 ◽  
pp. 4002-4005
Author(s):  
Wen Yi Liu ◽  
Gang Xu ◽  
Yong Ping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
The Other ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Energy Storage Capacity ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Optimization And Performance

Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is besides pumped hydropower, the other solution for large energy storage capacity. It can balance fluctuations in supply and demand of electricity. It can meet the challenge of load fluctuations of wind power especially. In CAES technology, air is compressed with a motor/generator using low cost, off-peak or discarded electricity from wind power and stored underground in caverns or porous media. This is called energy storage subsystem. The energy storage subsystem of CAES include: compressing air process and air lose heat process. The equipments of it are organized with different schemes in this paper. Optimization and performance simulation of it are made. The performance data are contrasted.

Design, Modeling, and Performance Optimization of a Reversible Heat Pump/Organic Rankine Cycle System for Domestic Application

2015 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Quoilin ◽  
Olivier Dumont ◽  
Kristian Harley Hansen ◽  
Vincent Lemort
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Thermal Source ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
And Performance

In this paper, an innovative system combining a heat pump (HP) and an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) process is proposed. This system is integrated with a solar roof, which is used as a thermal source to provide heat in winter months (HP mode) and electricity in summer months (ORC mode) when an excess irradiation is available on the solar roof. The main advantage of the proposed unit is its similarity with a traditional HP: the HP/ORC unit only requires the addition of a pump and four-way valves compared to a simple HP, which can be achieved at a low cost. A methodology for the optimal sizing and design of the system is proposed, based on the optimization of both continuous parameters such as heat exchanger size or discrete variables such as working fluid. The methodology is based on yearly simulations, aimed at optimizing the system performance (the net yearly power generation) over its whole operating range instead of just nominal sizing operating conditions. The simulations allow evaluating the amount of thermal energy and electricity generated throughout the year, yielding a net electric power output of 3496 kWh throughout the year.

Paper 10: Commissioning of Power Plant

1968 ◽  
Vol 183 (15) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
B. Hernen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Logical Sequence ◽  
Equivalent Basis ◽  
Design Construction

This paper discusses some of the major organizational and technical problems encountered in commissioning modern power plant. The way in which these problems were approached at the 2000-MW Fawley Power Station are discussed. The author advances the view that the advent of complex and high capital cost plant necessitates the development of commissioning expertise as a specialized branch of engineering on an equivalent basis to the related skills of design, construction, and operation. The adoption of this further specialization requires careful integration with the other project functions and one way of achieving this is outlined. Most plant items are first subjected to their designed operating conditions when a unit is initially operated at its rated load. Failures of components at this time can impose heavy revenue losses on the operator, and it is therefore advisable to subject components to their designed operating conditions before a unit is put on load. This procedure enables repairs or modifications to be carried out before components are required for service. Commissioning of computer control equipment can be integrated with other commissioning activities, but a logical sequence must be employed. Techniques used at Fawley are outlined.

Control Design Strategies for Semi-Active Suspension System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Gissella Maradey Lazaro ◽  
Helio Esteban Villegas ◽  
Brajan Ruiz ◽  
Andrés Aldana
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Control Laws ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Semi-Active Suspension Systems are very important to achieve comfort, ride handling, ground contact of the tyre, road-friendliness and works in a large range of operation. Its use an active dampers and the action of control is very good because of low energy consumption. The force of the damper is regulated according to the operating conditions. Magnetorheological Dampers are commonly used because of his yield resistance, low power, fast response and low cost of production. However, they behave in a non-linear way, following a dynamic of hysteresis so you should give a more sophisticated mathematical treatment. In this paper, we describe the modelling and design of two control strategies for Semi-Active Suspension System. Two control laws will be developed; classical PID and Fuzzy Logic controls law with the simulation and evaluate the stability and performance properties of our controllers in several different scenarios through analysis and simulation simultaneously. The performance of the system is determined by computer simulation in Matlab/ Simulink. The results obtained to compare and prove the effectiveness of these control approaches.

scholarly journals Design of a Three Surfaces R/C Aircraft Model

10.14311/314 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Coiro ◽  
F. Nicolosi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Flight Behavior ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Aircraft Model ◽  
Lifting Surfaces ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
High Angles Of Attack

Design of a three lifting surfaces radio-controlled model has been carried out at Dipartimento di Progettazione Aeronautica (DPA) by the authors in the last year. The model is intended to be a UAV prototype and is now under construction. The main goal of this small aircraft's design is to check the influence of the canard surface on the aircraft's aerodynamic characteristics and flight behavior, especially at high angles of attack. The aircraft model is also intended to be a flying platform to test sensors, measurement and acquisition systems for research purposes and a valid and low-cost teaching instrument for flight dynamics and flight maneuvering. The aircraft has been designed to fly with and without canard, and all problems relative to aircraft balance and stability have been carefully analyzed and solved. The innovative configuration and the mixed wooden-composite material structure has been obtained with very simple shapes and all the design is focused on realizing a low-cost model. A complete aerodynamic analysis of the configuration up to high angles of attack and a preliminary aircraft stability and performance prediction will be presented.

scholarly journals An online radon monitor for low-background detector assembly facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pelczar ◽  
G. Zuzel ◽  
M. Wójcik ◽  
A. Pocar ◽  
An. Ianni
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Decay Products ◽  
Alpha Emitter ◽  
Radon Decay ◽  
Radon Monitor ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Detector Materials ◽  
Design Construction

AbstractBackgrounds from long-lived radon decay products are often problematic for low-energy neutrino and rare-event experiments. These isotopes, specifically $${}^{210}\hbox {Pb}$$ 210 Pb , $${}^{210}\hbox {Bi}$$ 210 Bi , and $${}^{210}\hbox {Po}$$ 210 Po , easily plate out onto surfaces exposed to radon-loaded air. The alpha emitter $${}^{210}\hbox {Po}$$ 210 Po is particularly dangerous for detectors searching for weakly-interacting dark matter particles. Neutrons produced via ($$\upalpha $$ α , n) reactions in detector materials are, in some cases, a residual background that can limit the sensitivity of the experiment. An effective solution is to reduce the $${}^{222}\hbox {Rn}$$ 222 Rn activity in the air in contact with detector components during fabrication, assembly, commissioning, and operation. We present the design, construction, calibration procedures and performance of an electrostatic radon detector made to monitor two radon-suppressed clean rooms built for the DARKSIDE-50 experiment. A dedicated data acquisition system immune to harsh operating conditions of the radon monitor is also described. A record detection limit for $${}^{222}\hbox {Rn}$$ 222 Rn specific activity in air achieved by the device is $$0.05\,\hbox {mBqm}^{-3}$$ 0.05 mBqm - 3 (STP). The radon concentration of different air samples collected from the two DARKSIDE-50 clean rooms measured with the electrostatic detector is presented.

Design of Thin Film Solar Cell Material Structures for Reliability and Performance Robustness

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nita Yodo ◽  
Pingfeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Robust Design Optimization ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Performance Robustness

An exponential growth of photovoltaic (PV) technologies in the past decade has paved a path to a sustainable solar-powered world. The development of alternative PV technologies with low-cost and high-stability materials has attracted a growing amount of attention. One of these alternatives is the use of second generation thin film PV technologies. However, even in the presence of their bandgap properties, a major issue faced by most thin film solar cells is the low output efficiency due to manufacturing variability and uncertain operating conditions. Thus, to ensure the reliability and performance robustness of the thin film PV technologies, the design of the solar cell is studied. To represent the thin film PV technologies, a copper gallium (di)selenide (CIGS) solar cell model is developed and optimized with Reliability-based Robust Design Optimization (RBRDO) method. This model takes into account the variability of the structure and the material properties of the CIGS solar cells, and assumes an ideal-weather operating condition. This study presents a general methodology to optimize the design of the CIGS PV technologies and could be used to facilitate the development and assessment of new PV technologies with more robust performance in efficiency and stability.

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