Yes, We CAtaN Understand Probability

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Susanna Molitoris-Miller ◽  
Amy Hillen
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Game Play ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Entry Points

This article presents ways to explore mathematical concepts using Catan, a popular board game. After a brief overview of game play, we explore considerations with many potential entry points for mathematical modeling, such as which resource is the best, which resources will be rare or plentiful, where to build, and risk assessment.

scholarly journals The impact of super-spreader cities, highways, and intensive care availability in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. L. Nicolelis ◽  
Rafael L. G. Raimundo ◽  
Pedro S. Peixoto ◽  
Cecilia S. Andreazzi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
Boomerang Effect ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care Availability

AbstractAlthough international airports served as main entry points for SARS-CoV-2, the factors driving the uneven geographic spread of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Brazil remain mostly unknown. Here we show that three major factors influenced the early macro-geographical dynamics of COVID-19 in Brazil. Mathematical modeling revealed that the “super-spreading city” of São Paulo initially accounted for more than 85% of the case spread in the entire country. By adding only 16 other spreading cities, we accounted for 98–99% of the cases reported during the first 3 months of the pandemic in Brazil. Moreover, 26 federal highways accounted for about 30% of SARS-CoV-2’s case spread. As cases increased in the Brazilian interior, the distribution of COVID-19 deaths began to correlate with the allocation of the country’s intensive care units (ICUs), which is heavily weighted towards state capitals. Thus, severely ill patients living in the countryside had to be transported to state capitals to access ICU beds, creating a “boomerang effect” that contributed to skew the distribution of COVID-19 deaths. Therefore, if (i) a lockdown had been imposed earlier on in spreader-capitals, (ii) mandatory road traffic restrictions had been enforced, and (iii) a more equitable geographic distribution of ICU beds existed, the impact of COVID-19 in Brazil would be significantly lower.

scholarly journals Language in Game Rules and Game Play: A Study of Emergence in Pandemic

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Masuda ◽  
Jonathan DeHaan
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Academic Vocabulary ◽  
Game Play ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
Compare And Contrast

<p class="western"> </p><p>Language and games are both creative activities that can exhibit unexpected behaviors and meanings. Previous studies in the connections between games and language have focused on digital games. The current study investigated the emergence of language in a modern cooperative board game (Pandemic) and used discourse analysis tools to compare and contrast the textual rule book and oral discussions in observed gameplay in terms of speech acts and vocabulary. Unexpected language did emerge in the gameplay, and in general, the longer text and sentences of the rulebook contained more academic vocabulary, and the shorter game play language contained more slang and expressives. Limitations of the study are elucidated and suggestions for future research and uses of analog games for learners of foreign languages are offered.<strong></strong></p><p class="western"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span><br /></span></span></span></p>

Party Time

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 462-465
Author(s):  
Sarah Quebec Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Fifth Graders ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Negative Numbers ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Problem Solvers

In this month's Problem Solvers Solutions, second and fifth graders solve a problem that provides a real-world context relevant to students' lives, while addressing mathematical concepts including addition, division, negative numbers, and the mean. The experiences of the diverse grade range of students demonstrate that the task has multiple entry points and can be implemented in a variety of ways. Each month, this section of the Problem Solvers department showcases students' in-depth thinking and discusses the classroom results of using problems presented in previous issues of Teaching Children Mathematics. Find detailed submission guidelines for all departments at http://www.nctm.org/WriteForTCM.

scholarly journals Risk assessment of cyber-attacks on telemetry-enabled cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaëla Ngamboé ◽  
Paul Berthier ◽  
Nader Ammari ◽  
Katia Dyrda ◽  
José M. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intellectual Property Theft

Abstract Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) are vulnerable to radio frequency (RF) cyber-attacks. Besides, CIED communicate with medical equipment whose telemetry capabilities and IP connectivity are creating new entry points that may be used by attackers. Therefore, it remains crucial to perform a cybersecurity risk assessment of CIED and the systems they rely on to determine the gravity of threats, address the riskiest ones on a priority basis, and develop effective risk management plans. In this study, we carry out such risk assessment according to the ISO/IEC 27005 standard and the NIST SP 800-30 guide. We employed a threat-oriented analytical approach and divided the analysis into three parts, an actor-based analysis to determine the impact of the attacks, a scenario-based analysis to measure the probability of occurrence of threats, and a combined analysis to identify the riskiest attack outcomes. The results show that vulnerabilities on the RF interface of CIED represent an acceptable risk, whereas the network and Internet connectivity of the systems they rely on represent an important potential risk. Further analysis reveals that the damages of these cyber-attacks could spread further to affect manufacturers through intellectual property theft or physicians by affecting their reputation.

Maximizing Area and Perimeter Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Eskelson ◽  
Brian E. Townsend ◽  
Elizabeth K. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Real World ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Area And Perimeter ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
Real World Problems

Use this context and technological tool to assist students in embracing the mathematical and pragmatic nuances of “real-world” problems so they become fertile opportunities to explore mathematical concepts, express reasoning, and engage in mathematical modeling.

scholarly journals Categorical structures as expressing tool for differential calculus

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Steingartner ◽  
Davorka Radaković
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Differential Calculus ◽  
Mathematical Structure ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Special Category

AbstractCategory is a mathematical structure consisting of objects and morphisms between objects with some specific properties. Categories examine in abstract way the properties of particular mathematical concepts by formalizing them as collections of objects and morphisms. Categorical structures are widely used in computer science for exact mathematical modeling. This paper highlights the most typical use of categories for constructing the model of part of differential calculus by using special category named arrow category; and codomain and domain functors.

Mathematical Modeling of Reproductive and Developmental Toxic Effects for Quantitative Risk Assessment

Risk Analysis ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph L. Kodell ◽  
Richard B. Howe ◽  
James J. Chen ◽  
David W. Gaylor
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Toxic Effects

scholarly journals GeoGebra como herramienta mediadora de un fenómeno físico

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Freddy Yesid Villamizar Araque
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Instrumental Orchestration ◽  
Scenarios Simulation

RESUMENUna de las dificultades en la enseñanza de las ciencias está relacionada con la ausencia de prácticas de laboratorio, debido a esto, el presente artículo propone el uso de GeoGebra como un recurso mediador para la experimentación del fenómeno de caída libre y la modelización de la energía mecánica, generando una propuesta de laboratorio portable a través de la creación de un escenario virtual. La metodología aplicada de tipo cualitativo describe por medio de algunos puntos de la orquestación instrumental, cómo configurar y utilizar un escenario virtual para la experimentación simulada. Resultados sobre la orquestación instrumental del uso de GeoGebra, evidencian que éste software es una alternativa de laboratorio portable que brinda recursos para la simulación. Por otra parte, el uso de un escenario virtual con GeoGebra, permitió a un grupo de estudiantes de secundaria mediar procesos de modelización matemática de la energía mecánica de manera experimental, promoviendo la comprensión de conceptos físicos y matemáticos a través de los diversos registros de representación. Palabras claves: escenarios virtuales; simulación, modelización matemática. RESUMOUma das dificuldades no ensino das ciências está relacionada com a ausência de práticas laboratoriais, devido por um isto, o presente artigo propicia o uso da GeoGebra como um recurso de mediador para a experimentação do fenômeno da queda livre e a modelagem da energia mecânica, gerando uma proposta de laboratório portátil através a criação de um cenário virtual. A metodologia aplicada de tipo qualitativo descreve por meio da orquestração instrumental, como configurar e usar um cenário virtual para a experiência simulada. Resultados sobre a orquestração instrumental de uso da GeoGebra, evidência de que este software é uma alternativa de laboratório portátil que fornece recursos para simulação. Por outro lado, o uso de um cenário virtual com a GeoGebra, permitiu que um grupo de estudantes secundários mediará processos de modelagem matemática da energia mecânica de maneira experimental, promovendo a compreensão de conceitos físicos e matemáticos a partir de vários registros de representação.Palavras-chave: cenários virtuais; simulação, modelagem matemática. ABSTRACTOne of the difficulties in teaching Sciences is related to the absence of laboratory practices, due to this, this article proposes the use of GeoGebra as a mediating resource for the experimentation of the phenomenon of free fall and mechanics energy modeling, generating a portable laboratory proposal through the creation of a virtual scenario. The qualitative methodology applied describes through some points of instrumental orchestration, about how to configure and use a virtual scenario for simulated experimentation. Results on the instrumental orchestration of the use of GeoGebra show that this software is a portable laboratory alternative that provides resources for simulation. On the other hand, the use of a virtual scenario with GeoGebra, allowed a group of secondary school students to mediate processes of mathematical modeling of mechanical energy in an experimental way, promoting the understanding of physical and mathematical concepts through the various representation registers.Keywords: virtual scenarios; simulation, mathematical modeling

scholarly journals Playing with the Anthropocene: Board game imaginaries of islands, nature, and empire

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Fair
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Environmental Intervention ◽  
Game Play ◽  
Board Games ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
The Relationship

The figure of the island as a metonym for the planet is central to many allegories of the Anthropocene. These allegories build upon pre-existing discourses of islands as remote, vulnerable, and timeless, and often portray contemporary island nations as helpless, doomed, and disposable. This article focuses on one allegorical terrain that has received limited discursive and cultural analysis: analogue board games. Board game representations of islands are relevant to island studies both due to the popularity of island themes and because of the resonances between common island imaginaries and the form of board game play itself. Looking at three explicitly island-themed board games (Taluva, Vanuatu, and Spirit Island), I explore the extent to which these games reiterate or contest discourses of islands as sites of ahistorical insularity and alterity. I investigate the presence and absence of islanders in these fictional landscapes, the relationship between these ludic cartographies and imaginaries of ecological collapse and environmental intervention, and the articulations of nature, humanity, and empire that are literally at play. Particularly in the case of Spirit Island, these board game representations reflect the potential for the figure of the island to be reconfigured in order to imagine the Anthropocene otherwise.

scholarly journals FIRE RISKS OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (444) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Sergiy Yemelyanenko ◽  
◽  
Andriy Ivanusa ◽  
Roman Yakovchuk ◽  
Andriy Kuzyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Color Scale

The complex research method is used in the work, which includes: analysis and generalization of scientific achievements in the field of fire safety, application and processing of statistical data; application as analytical methods of research by collecting, generalizing and analyzing the current normative documents of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine and statistical methods of probability theory, geospatial, mathematical modeling, methods of system analysis. Research Object: The risk of death from fire in public buildings and structures. The purpose of the work is risk evaluation of death from fires in public buildings. Research methods. The complex method of researches is used in the work, which includes: analysis and application of statistical methods of data processing, verification of reliability of the obtained results, mathematical modeling and other analytical methods. The concept of the risk is described in the article and the main normative documents are outlined that treat them. The basic methods and methods of risk assessment for public buildings are analyzed. Fire risk assessment is the calculation of individual fire risk for residents, staff and visitors in a public building. The numerical expression of an individual fire risk is the frequency of exposure of hazardous fire factors to a person in a building or structure. The frequency of exposure to hazardous fire factors is determined for fire-hazardous situations, which are characterized by the greatest danger to the life and health of people in the building. The CFAST program simulated the occurrence of limit concentrations of hazardous factors during fires for two typical public buildings. It is also suggested how to evaluate the results on a specific color scale that allows you to create risk maps for visualization. The draft methodology proposes to consider the follow-up time of fire and rescue units when determining the evacuation time. The main methods and methodologies of risk assessment for buildings and public facilities have been analyzed. For two facilities, the risk of death from fire in buildings and facilities has been estimated. The results of evaluation have been suggested in a color scale, which allows creating maps to visualize the risks. The simulation of the limit concentrations of hazardous factors during the fires for two typical public facilities has been done in CFAST software. Mapping the risks of death from a fire in the appropriate group in the appropriate colors allows you to build a map of the risks of death from a fire and fire and rescue workers know the possible risks and dangers of the objects. The start time of the evacuation, in the absence of warning systems, is determined depending on the time the fire and rescue units follow to the fire site. The proposed calculation methodology and visualization tools allow the rescuer, who makes the decision, to comprehensively assess the situation during the design and to avoid the possible consequences of an emergency, which will increase the level of security.

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