Experimental Programs: A study of the effectiveness of classroom teaching techniques following a closed-circuit television presentation in mathematics

1963 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Horace E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Educational Research ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Classroom Teaching ◽  
Medium Of Instruction ◽  
Teaching Techniques ◽  
Closed Circuit Television ◽  
The Past ◽  
Television Presentation

Discussion, study, and research concerning the use of television as a medium of instruction have been taking place for slightly more than a decade. For the past five years this type of educational research has proceeded at a fast, accelerating rate. Past research has indicated, with demonstrated validity in a number of cases, that televised instruction can be an effective means of educating students.

scholarly journals Embodied Attraction: Can Body Postures Influence Attraction?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darin Challacombe
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Interpersonal Attraction ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Closed Circuit Television ◽  
Body Postures

Attraction researchers have identified nonverbal positions people in relationships subconsciously take to express their feelings, while social embodiment or embodied cognition researchers have identified various body positions that can temporarily affect mood. This study brings together both fields in establishing an embodiment effect with two nonverbal positions identified in past research to express interpersonal attraction: Lean and body posture. Participants interacted with a video-taped confederate in a mock closed-circuit television setting while induced into either a forward lean with an open body posture or a backward lean with a closed body posture. Results show that leaning forward more significantly decreased attraction through mediation by greater unhappiness. Having a more open body posture was not found to be a variable influencing attraction directly, but in an interaction with type of inducement into positions, it did increase attraction through mediations by lesser unhappiness and by lesser depression.

X-ray image intensifiers: applications and current limitations

1979 ◽  
Vol 292 (1390) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Closed Circuit Television ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Close Study ◽  
Television Presentation

Early intensifiers having small fields of view and poor contrast were so difficult to use with normal patient tables that specialized use was the rule, and routine work unusual, though rewarding in patient dosage and detail rendition, when aerial images were used. Deposited amorphous screens suffered traumatic voids, severe halation and short lifetimes. Closed-circuit television presentation led to widespread acceptance of intensifiers for gastro-intestinal work and provided variable contrast for cardiac and renal examinations, but quantum and shot noise were suppressed by increased radiation dosage. Lag prevented close study of moving organs. Caesium iodide input screens provide physical stability, reduced halation, high contrast, improved definition, short lag, with increased quantum absorption efficiency at ‘diagnostic energies’. Reduced closed-circuit television gain and noise improve low contrast soft tissue differentiation, particularly with relative motion; lung metastases are detected before radiographs confirm, and small contrast-filled vessels are sharply defined for cineradiography. Current developments include compact intensifiers, whose field of view accepts cardiopulmonary images or includes the liver, spleen and both kidneys, or the kidneys and a considerable length of both ureters, for functional or vascular studies.

A Method of Assessing a Visually Impaired Person's Ability to Use a Closed Circuit Television Reading Machine

1985 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 347-351
Author(s):  
Alan J. Suttie ◽  
Robert Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Closed Circuit Television ◽  
Working Distance

The following study represents an attempt to devise a more effective means of assessing potential users on closed-circuit television reading machines. It concluded that by establishing corrective values for factors such as age, magnification and working distance used, reliable predictions of reading speed are possible.

scholarly journals Research on the Examination Method of Zoology Experimental Course

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Bowen Li
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Test Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Subject ◽  
Classroom Teaching ◽  
Final Examination ◽  
The Past ◽  
Teaching Reform ◽  
Examination Method ◽  
Experimental Skills

Zoology is an experimental subject. Zoology experiments are an indispensable part of zoology teaching, and it is an organic whole that complements classroom teaching. The good zoology experiment course is a necessary prerequisite for learning zoology, and the examination of the zoology experiment course is an effective means to test the teaching effect of the zoology experiment course. In the past, most of the examinations for the Zoology Experimental Course were carried out together with the final examination of the final theoretical course after the completion of all the experimental courses. There are obvious drawbacks to this kind of papertalk test method. First of all, it can t comprehensively and realistically assessstudents experimental skills and level; on the other hand, it makes students not pay attention to the experimental course, because it can pass the test only by memorizing the results of the experiment. The irrationality of this traditional examination method has greatly affected the teaching effect of zoology and limited the teaching reform and development of zoology.

Exploring the Boundaries of the Number–Temporal Order Association

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Ganor-Stern
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Numerical Comparison ◽  
Negative Number ◽  
Comparison Task ◽  
Negative Numbers ◽  
The Past

Past research has shown that numbers are associated with order in time such that performance in a numerical comparison task is enhanced when number pairs appear in ascending order, when the larger number follows the smaller one. This was found in the past for the integers 1–9 ( Ben-Meir, Ganor-Stern, & Tzelgov, 2013 ; Müller & Schwarz, 2008 ). In the present study we explored whether the advantage for processing numbers in ascending order exists also for fractions and negative numbers. The results demonstrate this advantage for fraction pairs and for integer-fraction pairs. However, the opposite advantage for descending order was found for negative numbers and for positive-negative number pairs. These findings are interpreted in the context of embodied cognition approaches and current theories on the mental representation of fractions and negative numbers.

scholarly journals Multi-Task Optimization and Multi-Task Evolutionary Computation in the Past Five Years: A Brief Review

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 864
Author(s):  
Qingzheng Xu ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Qian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Computation ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Typical Application ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Evolution Algorithms ◽  
Application Fields

Traditional evolution algorithms tend to start the search from scratch. However, real-world problems seldom exist in isolation and humans effectively manage and execute multiple tasks at the same time. Inspired by this concept, the paradigm of multi-task evolutionary computation (MTEC) has recently emerged as an effective means of facilitating implicit or explicit knowledge transfer across optimization tasks, thereby potentially accelerating convergence and improving the quality of solutions for multi-task optimization problems. An increasing number of works have thus been proposed since 2016. The authors collect the abundant specialized literature related to this novel optimization paradigm that was published in the past five years. The quantity of papers, the nationality of authors, and the important professional publications are analyzed by a statistical method. As a survey on state-of-the-art of research on this topic, this review article covers basic concepts, theoretical foundation, basic implementation approaches of MTEC, related extension issues of MTEC, and typical application fields in science and engineering. In particular, several approaches of chromosome encoding and decoding, intro-population reproduction, inter-population reproduction, and evaluation and selection are reviewed when developing an effective MTEC algorithm. A number of open challenges to date, along with promising directions that can be undertaken to help move it forward in the future, are also discussed according to the current state. The principal purpose is to provide a comprehensive review and examination of MTEC for researchers in this community, as well as promote more practitioners working in the related fields to be involved in this fascinating territory.

scholarly journals Ecodesign—A Review of Reviews

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Malte Schäfer ◽  
Manuel Löwer
Keyword(s):  
Success Factors ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Past Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Review Articles ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
Review Of Reviews ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Over Time

With the intent of summing up the past research on ecodesign and making it more accessible, we gather findings from 106 existing review articles in this field. Five research questions on terminology, evolution, barriers and success factors, methods and tools, and synergies, guide the clustering of the resulting 608 statements extracted from the reference. The quantitative analysis reveals that the number of review articles has been increasing over time. Furthermore, most statements originate from Europe, are published in journals, and address barriers and success factors. For the qualitative analysis, the findings are grouped according to the research question they address. We find that several names for similar concepts exist, with ecodesign being the most popular one. It has evolved from “end-of-pipe” pollution prevention to a more systemic concept, and addresses the complete life cycle. Barriers and success factors extend beyond the product development team to management, customers, policymakers, and educators. The number of ecodesign methods and tools available to address them is large, and more reviewing, testing, validation, and categorization of the existing ones is necessary. Synergies between ecodesign and other research disciplines exist in theory, but require implementation and testing in practice.

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