II. Basic properties

1962 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 589-590
Author(s):  
Richard W. Feldmann
Keyword(s):  
Basic Properties ◽  
New Concepts

After Cayley published his expository articles on the theory of matrices, many mathematicians published papers expanding Cayley's ideas and developing new concepts, notations, and terminology. Some of these were fruitful and are still used, while others never turned up in print again.

scholarly journals Involution Abel–Grassmann’s Groups and Filter Theory of Abel–Grassmann’s Groups

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Zhang ◽  
Xiaoying Wu
Keyword(s):  
Congruence Relation ◽  
Filter Theory ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Structure Theorems

In this paper, some basic properties and structure characterizations of AG-groups are further studied. First, some examples of infinite AG-groups are given, and weak commutative, alternative and quasi-cancellative AG-groups are discussed. Second, two new concepts of involution AG-group and generalized involution AG-group are proposed, the relationships among (generalized) involution AG-groups, commutative groups and AG-groups are investigated, and the structure theorems of (generalized) involution AG-groups are proved. Third, the notion of filter of an AG-group is introduced, the congruence relation is constructed from arbitrary filter, and the corresponding quotient structure and homomorphism theorems are established.

scholarly journals Ordered Convex Metric Spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ismat Beg
Keyword(s):  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Convex Metric Spaces

The aim of this article is to introduce a new notion of ordered convex metric spaces and study some basic properties of these spaces. Several characterizations of these spaces are proven that allow making geometric interpretations of the new concepts.

scholarly journals Symmetry in Hyperstructure: Neutrosophic Extended Triplet Semihypergroups and Regular Hypergroups

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Zhang ◽  
Florentin Smarandache ◽  
Yingcang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Disjoint Union ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
New Concepts

The symmetry of hyperoperation is expressed by hypergroup, more extensive hyperalgebraic structures than hypergroups are studied in this paper. The new concepts of neutrosophic extended triplet semihypergroup (NET- semihypergroup) and neutrosophic extended triplet hypergroup (NET-hypergroup) are firstly introduced, some basic properties are obtained, and the relationships among NET- semihypergroups, regular semihypergroups, NET-hypergroups and regular hypergroups are systematically are investigated. Moreover, pure NET-semihypergroup and pure NET-hypergroup are investigated, and a strucuture theorem of commutative pure NET-semihypergroup is established. Finally, a new notion of weak commutative NET-semihypergroup is proposed, some important examples are obtained by software MATLAB, and the following important result is proved: every pure and weak commutative NET-semihypergroup is a disjoint union of some regular hypergroups which are its subhypergroups.

scholarly journals Almost Periodic Time Scales and Almost Periodic Functions on Time Scales

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongkun Li ◽  
Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Almost Periodic Functions ◽  
Almost Periodic ◽  
Periodic Functions ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Almost Periodic Time Scales

We propose some new concepts of almost periodic time scales and almost periodic functions on time scales and give some basic properties of these new types of almost periodic time scales and almost periodic functions on time scales. We also give some comments on a recent paper by Wang and Agarwal (2014) concerning a new almost periodic time scale.

Some New Concepts on int-soft Ideals in Ordered Semigroups

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
G. Muhiuddina ◽  
Ebtehaj N. Alenzea ◽  
Ahsan Mahboobb ◽  
Anas Al-Masarwahc
Keyword(s):  
Soft Set ◽  
Ordered Semigroup ◽  
Ordered Semigroups ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Soft Point

In the present paper, we introduce some new notions on ordered semigroup. In fact, notion of a convex soft set in an ordered semigroup is introduced, and its basic properties are investigated. Moreover, we consider a characterization of a convex soft set. Furthermore, relations between a convex soft set and an int-soft [Formula: see text]-ideal (or, int-soft [Formula: see text]-ideal) are studied. Finally, int-soft [Formula: see text]-ideals (or, int-soft [Formula: see text]-ideals) generated by an ordered soft point are established.

scholarly journals Coloured Petri Nets Extended with Place Capacities, Test Arcs and Inhibitor Arcs

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (398) ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Christensen ◽  
Niels Damgaard Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coloured Petri Nets ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
The One ◽  
Net Framework ◽  
Informal Description

In this paper we show how to extend Coloured Petri Nets (CP-nets), with three new modelling primitives - place capacities, test arcs and inhibitor arcs. The new modelling primitives are introduced to improve the possibilities of creating models that are on the one hand compact and comprehensive and on the other hand easy to develop, understand and analyse. A number of different place capacity and inhibitor concepts have been suggested earlier, e.g. integer and multi-set capacities and zero-testing and threshold inhibitors. These concepts can all be described as special cases of the more general place capacity and inhibitor concepts defined in this paper. We give an informal description of the new concepts and show how the concepts can be fonnally defined and integrated in the Petri net framework keeping the basic properties of CP-nets. In contrast to a number of the previously suggested extensions to CP-nets the new modelling primitives preserve the concurrency properties of CP-nets. We show how CP-nets with place capacities, test arcs and inhibitor arcs can be transformed into behaviourally equivalent CP-nets without these primitives. From this we conclude that the basic properties of CP-nets are preserved and that the theory developed for CP-nets can be applied to the extended CP-nets. Finally, we discuss how to generalise the analysis methods of CP-nets to cover the place capacities, test arcs and inhibitor arcs.

Weak and strong forms of fuzzy \(\alpha\)-open (closed) sets and its applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakeem Ahmed Ali ◽  
Alanod M. Sibih
Keyword(s):  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Connected Space ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Continuous Mappings ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Fuzzy Topological Spaces ◽  
Closed Mappings

In this paper, we generalize the concept of infra-\(\alpha\)-open (closed) and supra-\(\alpha\)-open (closed) sets to fuzzy topological spaces and basic properties of these new concepts have been introduced. Some applications on fuzzy (supra-) infra-\(\alpha\)-open (closed) sets, likely, fuzzy (supra-) infra-\(\alpha\)-continuous mappings, fuzzy (supra-) infra-\(\alpha\)-open (closed) mappings, fuzzy supra-\(\alpha\)- irresolute mapping and fuzzy supra-\(\alpha\)-connected space are introduced. The relations and converse relations between these new concepts and others kinds of fuzzy open sets and fuzzy continuous mappings are discussed. Special results about these new concepts are investigated and studied.

Novel Approaches to Low-Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
Arthur V. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electron Optics ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Opportune Time ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Voltage Scanning ◽  
Scanning Electron

In comparison with the developers of other forms of instrumentation, scanning electron microscope manufacturers are among the most conservative of people. New concepts usually must wait many years before being exploited commercially. The field emission gun, developed by Albert Crewe and his coworkers in 1968 is only now becoming widely available in commercial instruments, while the innovative lens designs of Mulvey are still waiting to be commercially exploited. The associated electronics is still in general based on operating procedures which have changed little since the original microscopes of Oatley and his co-workers.The current interest in low-voltage scanning electron microscopy will, if sub-nanometer resolution is to be obtained in a useable instrument, lead to fundamental changes in the design of the electron optics. Perhaps this is an opportune time to consider other fundamental changes in scanning electron microscopy instrumentation.

New Concepts in Congenital Deafness

1971 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-443
Author(s):  
LaVonne Bergstrom ◽  
Janet Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Deafness ◽  
New Concepts
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document