A Cooperative Plan to Share Objective-Type Test Items

1951 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 302-306
Author(s):  
Henry W. Syer
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Secondary Mathematics ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Type Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Teaching Of Mathematics ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Objective Type ◽  
The Ideal

Teachers have long been advised to build and use objective-type test items in their classroom tests in addition to the use of standardized tests which have been constructed and sold by outside authorities. Our own classroom tests reflect the particular topics which we, as teachers, and our students have found interesting and important for our particular class during a particular year. Purchased tests can never fully replace the class tests made and used by the teacher who has carried the class along through the day-by-day development of the subject. However, all who have tried know the time and energy which is required to formulate worthwhile test items in mathematics. Sometimes items which seemed good do not work out in practice at all. If we all had time the ideal procedure would be to use, analyze, revise, use, analyze and discard items in a growing file which would thus be constantly refined and improved. Few teachers have time to follow through such a procedure individually. The purpose of this report is to indicate a procedure which might facilitate the exchange of items concocted by individual teachers of secondary mathematics through the country so that these items could be used by others. The suggested plan is to establish a regular department in The Mathematics Teacher which will collect, classify and publish items supplied by teachers who have written and used them. There is no thought of standardizing the topics or procedure in the teaching of mathematics; the items will be displayed for use, but no teacher is urged to use them if they do not meet the objectives of a particular class. As time goes by this pool of items may contain many which test the same concepts, skills or other objectives. This is all to the good for the bigger the selection, the more interesting the shopping tour.

scholarly journals The appraisal of mathematics teachers in Ghana

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 38-66
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Secondary Mathematics ◽  
Teacher Appraisal ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
Secondary Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Junior Secondary ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Teaching Of Mathematics ◽  
Senior Secondary

Many mathematics teachers in Ghanaian secondary schools have little or no training in the teaching of mathematics, yet they teach the subject because of the shortage of mathematics teachers in Ghana. Such teachers and their trained counterparts, need professional help to enable them guide pupils learn the subject effectively and efficiently especially since the duration for pre-university education in Ghana has been cut by about five. This study aimed to; 1. Examine the nature of teacher appraisal in Ghana . 2. Examine the validity of existing methods of teacher appraisal in Ghana. 3. Determine which variables influence Ghanaian mathematics teachers' views about teacher appraisal and its ability to help them improve their competence of teaching mathematics. Of the 441 secondary mathematics teachers who participated in the study, 193 taught the subject at the junior secondary level and 248 taught it at the senior secondary level. In addition, 44 Ghana Education Service Officials and six heads of secondary schools who appraise mathematics teachers were sampled. Methods used included questionnaires, interviews and observation of appraisers at work. Highly significant relationships were found between mathematics teachers' perceived professional support and appraisal experience, mathematics teaching experience and professional status at the senior secondary level, and between received support and appraisal experience at the junior secondary level. The results indicated a dramatic difference between junior secondary and senior secondary mathematics teachers in their perception of the potential of the teacher appraisal system in Ghana to help them to improve their teaching of mathematics. Senior secondary mathematics teachers were generally more pessimistic about the potential of the appraisal system than their junior secondary counterparts. The study also showed that many education officials who appraise mathematics teachers have little or no training in secondary school mathematics teaching or its appraisal, yet the appraisal system for both formative and summative purposes require these officers to both "help " mathematics teachers improve their work and make judgements about their performance. These findings led to the conclusion that the teacher appraisal system in the Ghana Education Service is not valid. The implications of the findings are discussed.

Is the Average Secondary School Pupil able to Acquire a Thorough Knowledge of all the Mathematics Ordinarily Given in these Schools?

1911 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-128
Author(s):  
Eugene R. Smith ◽  
Maurice J. Babb ◽  
I. J. Schwatt
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Mathematical Knowledge ◽  
Secondary Mathematics ◽  
College Teachers ◽  
Actual Knowledge ◽  
School Pupil ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Teaching Of Mathematics

Before taking up the subject of our discussion, I ought to state that it has always been with the greatest reluctance that I have felt constrained to criticise the teaching of mathematics in the elementary and secondary schools. The reason for my reluctance is the inequity of the situation. We college teachers have an opportunity to test the knowledge of many who have been taught in the elementary and secondary schools, and on the results of this test, our favorable or unfavorable criticism is based. But the inequity exists because we college teachers constitute ourselves a court of last resort, so to speak. True enough, the college student will be judged by the mental capabilities which he possesses, but very few of them will have to show how much actual knowledge of mathematics they have gained while under our instruction. If we college teachers are unsuccessful with the student, we have the defense that he came to us not fully prepared and that the foundation of his mathematical knowledge was not strong enough to put the superstructure on. However, I feel that there is as much need for improvement in the course of study and the method of teaching of college mathematics as there is of the elementary and secondary mathematics.

PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Edsall
Keyword(s):  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
Gas Gangrene ◽  
High Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Guiding Principles ◽  
Routine Procedures ◽  
The Ideal

Passive immunization has existed for over 70 years, ever since Von Behring and Kitasato demonstrated its effectiveness in neutralizing diphtheria toxin. In fact, at first glance one might think that there was little new to say on this subject. However, the very fact that its concepts and practices have been so long accepted and–in the minds of many–have fallen into the pattern of purely routine procedures, is in itself sufficient justification to re-examine the subject. In addition, moreover, there have been a number of changes in the range of diseases for which passive immunization may be employed, the type of antiserum used, and the guiding principles for use of such preparations. Therefore, it may be timely to deal with some of the present considerations that apply to passive immunization, its prospects, its scope, and its limitations. At the risk of repeating old and familiar cliches it appears desirable to summarize, at first, the guiding principles which apply to the effectiveness (or ineffectiveness) of passive immunization. First of all, it is well established that some techniques of passive immunization are highly effective–e.g., diphtheria prophylaxis with antitoxin; some are very useful but fall short of the ideal of routine success with the purpose intended–e.g., the use of gamma-globulin for the modification of measles; whereas others are of relatively uncertain value so that their usefulness in medical practice still continues to be debated–e.g., gas gangrene antitoxin. The reasons for such great disparity in the efficacy of different antisera cannot easily be put into generalizations, but surely the varied pathogenesis of the diseases in question must be a major factor, as well as the fact that high antibody titers can readily be obtained for some such sera, whereas they are difficult or impossible to achieve with others.

Comparative analysis of China (Han) & Bangladesh cultural authentication and transformation context on “Motif Design”

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman ◽  
Md Eanamul Haque Nizam ◽  
Md Tanjubul Hasan ◽  
Md Ahosanul Karim ◽  
Maria Afrin Shammi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Pattern ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Fashion Design ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Historical Progress ◽  
Fashion Designers ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
The Ideal

Now a day, fashion design and clothing manufacturing is going to update day by day. Modern fashion designers are interested to work with the new color, trend, design, pattern, cutline. “Motif Design" and its application may have been a positive way to deal with the ideal tasteful look, while social confirmation and diversification have been considered as key factors. In this study, the author tries to investigate the cultural elements motif between Bangladesh and china (Han). The author investigates different Blogs, magazines, journals, and websites used for the analysis. In order to make this research authentic and credible different local and international published books and articles have been studied. Different websites helped by representing historical progress and reference of the information which adorned in this research. Few Bangladeshi and Chinese apparel fashion brands those who worked with traditional costume were also a way to understand today's influence of Cultural elements. After the analysis, the author finds some features of motif like style, positioning, color and pattern. The research team analyzes those points from the view of two sides. Then the authors finally find out the key similarities from the analysis between the two countries. From the finding, the author designs (flat sketch) a series of dresses for the Contemporary market for future sustainability.

Development and Application of a Concept Test on the Subject of Stars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebru EZBERCI-CEVIK ◽  
Mehmet Altan KURNAZ
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Schools Of Education ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Alpha Reliability ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study is to develop a concept test on the subject of stars that is suitable for model analysis and to evaluate the conformity of this model. The study was performed using a screening model, which is a type of quantitative research method. The study also tried to fill the gap in the existing literature regarding the use of quantitative methods. To develop the test, existing studies on stars were first examined; interviews with candidates who were teachers were conducted; and finally, necessary amendments to test items were made after referring to experts’ opinions. To assure its validity and reliability, the test was applied to a total of 175 candidates who were studying at schools of education in the departments of science teaching of three different universities to become teachers; all candidates took astronomy courses and were educated on the subject matter. The final form of the test comprised of 26 multiple-choice questions, each with 5 possible answers. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of the test was calculated to be 0.735. In addition, the mean strength of the test was found to be 0.370 and the distinctiveness was found to be 0.390. Statistical analyses revealed that the concept test developed in this study is a valid and reliable test that conforms to the model analysis.

scholarly journals Upaya Peningkatan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Kinematika Gerak Lurus Melalui Strategi Siklus Ace Kelas XB SMA Negeri 2 Simpang Hilir

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desi Kamilah
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Physics Learning ◽  
Student Activity ◽  
Test Items ◽  
The Subject

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar fisika siswa dengan menerapkan siklus ACE dalam pembelajaran fisika materi kinematika gerak lurus. Penelitian tindakan dilakukan di SMA Negeri 2 Simpang Hilir Kabupaten Kayong Utara. Subjek penelitian yang akan dilakukan adalas siswa-siswi kelas XB SMA Negeri 2 Simpang Hilir yang berjumlah 34 siswa terdiri atas 13 laki-laki dan 21 perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa lembar observasi untuk mengukur aktivitas belajar siswa dan soal tes untuk mengukur hasil belajar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan aktivitas siswa dikelas masuk kategori cukup aktif. Hasil belajar siswa dengan siklus ACE mencapai ketuntasan 76,67%. Kata Kunci: pembelajaran fisika, siklus ACE, aktivitas belajar, hasil belajar  Abstract: This study aimed to increase physical activity and learning outcomes of students by implementing ACE cycle in physics learning material straight motion kinematics. Action research conducted at SMAN 2 Simpang Hilir North Kayong. The subject of research will be done adalas students of class XB SMAN 2 Simpang Downstream totaling 34 students consisting of 13 male and 21 female. The instrument used in this study is in the form of sheets of observations to measure student learning activities and test items to measure learning outcomes. Based on the results of classroom action research can be concluded that the activity of students in class is categorized quite active. Student learning outcomes with ACE cycle achieve mastery 76.67%. Keywords: physic lesson, cycle ACE, student activity, learning outcome

scholarly journals KONSEP DIRI ANAK PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL YANG TINGGAL DITENGAH MASYARAKAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Fatchun Nikmah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Condition ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Ideal Situation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract  Stigma in today's society considers more sex workers as the dregs of society who only regarded as an immoral person who violates the norms of religion and society, so they are not appreciated. A prostitute is almost the majority have families, both parents, brother, husband or child. Communities usually negative view sex workers family and those views may influence the psychological development of child prostitutes. This study aims to determine the child's self-concept of prostitutes who live in the community.This study uses a qualitative case study approach, which is a special phenomenon that is present in a limited context, although the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not entirely clear. Determination techniques are the subject of the researchers used snowball sampling or chain sampling. The research was conducted in two villages that are within the scope of the district in one district on the island of Java. The subject of this study were children and adolescents aged prostitute who is still undergoing formal schooling.This study found that the first subject has a good self concept. There is not much of a gap between the basic self-concept and ideal self-concept on the subject. The first subject has a perceptual self-concept is not good because the subject is not satisfied with the current physical condition and there are gaps in the basic perceptual components and ideal self-concept. As for the conceptual and attitudinal self concept self concept can be considered a good subject because there is no gap between the conceptual and attitudinal components of the basic categories and ideal self-concept. While the second subject has a poor self-concept, as there are many gaps between the basic self-concept and ideal self concept on the subject. The subject has a perceptual selfconcept is not good, because the subject was not satisfied with his physical condition and his subjects make the situation as a benchmark of the ideal situation for him. In addition, the subject has attitudinal poor self concept.  Keywords: Self-concept, children, sex workers, society, qualitative

scholarly journals Importance of serological testing in the convalescence phase in patients with pulmonary impairment due to COVID 19 - a health care workers analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Rodrigues Pereira ◽  
Ilka Lopes Santoro ◽  
Maria Silvia Biagioni Santos ◽  
Andreia Padilha de Toledo ◽  
Greice Elen Copelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serological Test ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Pulmonary Impairment ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Pulmonary Changes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Convalescence Phase ◽  
The Ideal

1AbstractSince its discovery, more than 37 million people have been infected by SARS-CoV-2 with deaths around 1 million worldwide. The prevalence is not known because infected individuals may be asymptomatic. In addition, the use of specific diagnostic tests is not always conclusive, raising doubts about the etiology of the disease.The best diagnostic method and the ideal time of collection remains the subject of study. The gold standard for diagnosing COVID 19 is the RT PCR molecular test, usually using an oropharynx and nasopharynx swab. Its sensitivity is 70% and drops significantly after the second week of symptoms. Serological tests, in turn, have increased sensitivity after 14 days, and can contribute to the diagnosis when SARS-CoV-2 infection is suspected, even with negative RT PCR.Our study showed sensitivity and specificity of 100% of the serological test (ELISA method) for cases of viral pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus, suggesting that this test could assist in the diagnosis of pulmonary interstitial changes that have not yet been etiologically clarified. We found a greater immune response in men, regardless of the severity of symptoms. The greater the severity, the higher the levels of IgA and IgG, mainly found in patients with multilobar impairment and in need for oxygen. We concluded that the serological test collected around 30 days after the onset of symptoms is the best diagnostic tool in the convalescence phase, not only for epidemiological purposes, but also for the etiological clarification of pulmonary changes that have not yet been diagnosed.

scholarly journals Keadilan Hukum Jeremy Bentham dan Relevansinya bagi Praktik Hukum Kontemporer

Humaniora ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Frederikus Fios
Keyword(s):  
Global Politics ◽  
Jeremy Bentham ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Universe Of Discourse ◽  
British Philosopher ◽  
The Ideal

Fair punishment for a condemned has been long debated in the universe of discourse of law and global politics. The debate on the philosophical level was no less lively. Many schools of thought philosophy question, investigate, reflect and assess systematically the ideal model for the subject just punishment in violation of the law. One of the interesting and urgent legal thought Jeremy Bentham, a British philosopher renowned trying to provide a solution in the middle of the debate was the doctrine or theory of utilitarianism. The core idea is that the fair punishment should be a concern for happiness of a condemned itself, and not just for revenge. Bentham thought has relevance in several dimensions such as dimensions of humanism, moral and utility.  

scholarly journals Control of students' autonomous learning in competency-based teaching of mathematics

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
S. N. Gorlova ◽  
E. A. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Training System ◽  
Autonomous Learning ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Subject Knowledge ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Teaching Of Mathematics ◽  
Teaching Function ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Teaching Learning

Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education have designated a reorientation from the subject-knowledge education model to the competency-based one, when the goal is to develop students' personal and professional features with an emphasis on their autonomous learning. Universality and generality of requirements for the results of studying the bachelor’s programme in Pedagogical Education does not exclude, but assumes the subject’s orientation of the competencies formulated when implementing specific areas of training. This requires rethinking the functionality of all components of the training system, including the contents. It is the very aspect that remains insufficiently revealed for competency-based teaching of mathematics. The vector of a significant part of studies is directed towards the search for effective educational technologies. Meanwhile, continuity in nurturing competencies requires considering professional orientation on teaching-learning the subject. Reviewing mathematical contents is also vital as the proportion of students’ autonomous learning is getting increased. The article substantiates the role and significance of mathematical contents in arranging control of students' autonomous learning. Keeping in mind the priority of control’s teaching function, it is proposed to make up tasks that contribute to assessing not only knowledge, but also experiential and motivational components of competences.

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