scholarly journals Three Major Difficulties in the Learning of Demonstrative Geometry

1940 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-134
Author(s):  
Rolland R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Young Person ◽  
School Age ◽  
Good Teacher ◽  
Experienced Teacher ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
Successful Teaching

Efficient and successful teaching of demonstrative geometry in the senior high school requires on the part of the teacher much more than a knowledge of the subject matter. The young person who goes into the geometry classroom after leaving college with honors in mathematics is not necessarily a good teacher. Unless he has been forewarned in one way or another, he is likely to resort to the lecture method which his professors have used in college and then find to his surprise that his pupils have learned little. He may have taken courses in which he studied the general laws of learning as applied to pupils of high school age, but even so he will have difficulty in translating his knowledge to fit the specific requirements of the classroom. Part of his training may have been to observe the work of a highly efficient, successful, and artistic teacher whom he may try to imitate. He will find, however, that he has not been keen enough to grasp the meaning and purpose of many of the techniques. Not knowing beforehand how a group of pupils will react to a given situation, he fails to see when and how the experienced teacher has avoided pitfalls by introducing many details of development not necessarily needed in the finished product but indispensable to the learning process. Before he can become adept in preparing a course of study or planning his everyday lessons, he needs to know what difficulties pupils will have with the many component tasks which when integrated fulfill the desired aim. A teacher can plan a skillful development only when he has reached a point where he can predict within reasonable limits what the reactions of a group of pupils will be.

Abelard, Peter (1079–1142)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Tweedale
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Moral Ideals ◽  
Rational Argumentation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
The Many ◽  
Aristotelian Tradition

Among the many scholars who promoted the revival of learning in western Europe in the early twelfth century, Abelard stands out as a consummate logician, a formidable polemicist and a champion of the value of ancient pagan wisdom for Christian thought. Although he worked within the Aristotelian tradition, his logic deviates significantly from that of Aristotle, particularly in its emphasis on propositions and what propositions say. According to Abelard, the subject matter of logic, including universals such as genera and species, consists of linguistic expressions, not of the things these expressions talk about. However, the objective grounds for logical relationships lie in what these expressions signify, even though they cannot be said to signify any things. Abelard is, then, one of a number of medieval thinkers, often referred to in later times as ‘nominalists’, who argued against turning logic and semantics into some sort of science of the ‘real’, a kind of metaphysics. It was Abelard’s view that logic was, along with grammar and rhetoric, one of the sciences of language. In ethics, Abelard defended a view in which moral merit and moral sin depend entirely on whether one’s intentions express respect for the good or contempt for it, and not at all on one’s desires, whether the deed is actually carried out, or even whether the deed is in fact something that ought or ought not be done. Abelard did not believe that the doctrines of Christian faith could be proved by logically compelling arguments, but rational argumentation, he thought, could be used both to refute attacks on Christian doctrine and to provide arguments that would appeal to those who were attracted to high moral ideals. With arguments of this latter sort, he defended the rationalist positions that nothing occurs without a reason and that God cannot do anything other than what he does do.

An Achievement test in Solid Geometry

1928 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
Louis A. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Teacher ◽  
Secondary School Mathematics ◽  
Solid Geometry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right

In the work of teaching secondary school mathematics in a large school where there are as many as twelve different divisions of the same subject, it would be very interesting and indeed very enlightening to see the different grades of work being done. Different teachers have their own pet ways of doing things, of presenting new matter, of conducting recitations, of drilling on old matter, of developing mathematical power in their pupils, etc. And yet they are all striving for the same results. The fact that one teacher's pupils consistently attain better results naturally should put a premium on that teacher's methods, and the work of the department would be improved if some of the other teachers would take a leaf out of the successful teacher's book. Students will often remark “So and So is a good teacher; I get a lot out of his class; he makes things clear; he has good discipline; he certainly gets the stuff over, etc.”An inspector visits the class, notes the attitude of the pupils, the personality and skill of the teacher, and oftentimes is familiar enough with the subject matter of the recitation to see if the pupils are catching and giving back the right things, and then grades the teacher as an Al man, for example. But does the opinion of the boys themselves or the visitor answer the question whether or not the teacher is successful in giving his subject to the pupils? Don't we need something more objective, more tangible, more exact on which to pin our faith? In general the supervisors are hitting it right, also the students, but we think we can do better.

A High School Teacher's View on the Training of Teachers of Secondary Mathematics

1936 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Martha Hildebrandt
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Secondary Mathematics ◽  
The Subject

One hears so much about changing the curriculum; about introducing into our high schools new courses, in some of which the subject matter is embarrassingly vague; about tests and measuremepts and laboratories to help the pupil adjust himself…. I hesitate, unable to choose a word for that to which the pupil must adjust himself and not at all certain just what the pupil has to adjust. One reads about differentiated courses and incidentally also about integrating courses. Is it not possible that each new fashion in education is just another attempt to improve the teaching in the schools of the respective states from which you and I come.

Analysis Is Not Enough

1934 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
Alma M. Fabricius
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Educational Theory ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Compulsory Subject

Ever since the explosion of the theory that the faculty of thinking could be developed and strengthened by exercise in thinking regardless of the nature of the subject matter involved, geometry as a universally required subject in the high schools of America has been on the defensive. And, when we consider the large number of failures in the subject, in the light of the educational theory that a child learns only through the encouragement of success, it becomes seriously doubtful whether geometry should be retained as a compulsory subject in the high school.

Let’s Use Trigonometry

1975 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
John J. Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
High School Mathematics ◽  
Mathematics Courses ◽  
High School Geometry ◽  
School Geometry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Order Of Presentation

All too often in the teaching of high school mathematics courses, we overlook the inherent flexibility and interdependence of the subject matter. It is easy to fall into the trap of presenting algebra, trigonometry, geometry, and so on, as separate areas of study. It is because they were taught this way traditionally. With relatively minor changes in the order of presentation, we can demonstrate to the student the vital interconnectiveness of mathematics. For example, many courses in high school geometry include a unit on trigonometry. The student learns three trigonometric ratios, namely, the sine, the cosine, and the tangent. He also learns to use the trigonometric tables to solve for an unknown side of a right triangle. Generally this material comes quite late in the year.

scholarly journals Motivation, Creativity, and Self-Confidence as Forming Factors of Economic Learning Autonomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Amaliah Nafiati
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Social Education ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Whole Class ◽  
Education Science

This research aims to determine the influence of both partial and simultaneous motivation, creativity, and confidence of students in studying to economic subject learning autonomy of the students of Senior High School 4 Tegal. The population in this study was the whole class X Social Education Science which consists of 126 students. The data collection in this research was taken through several methods, whicha are observation, questionnaire, and documentation. The result of this study shows that 77.7% of learning motivation, learning creativity, and self-confidence simultaneously affect the learning autonomy of economics subject of Senior High School 4 Tegal. The results of this study are expected to enable teachers to foster learning motivation, learning creativity and self-confidence of the students in order to form the character of independence. Students are expected to not only rely on the subject matter given by the teachers, but they must be more active and independent in learning to expand a broad insight about economy.

scholarly journals Implementasi pembelajaran abad 21 dalam kurikulum 2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Yusuf Andrian ◽  
Rusman Rusman
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
21St Century Learning ◽  
School Development ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
The Real ◽  
Assessment Of Learning ◽  
The Subject

Abstrak: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskripsi yang dilakukan pada 39 SMA Rujukan yang ada di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi pembelajaran abad 21 dalam Kurikulum 2013 pada mata pelajaran Fisika di SMA Rujukan Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Fokus penelitian diarahkan pada empat sub variabel yaitu; (1) perencanaan pembelajaran; (2) pelaksanaan pembelajaran; (3) penilaian pembelajaran; dan (4) pengawasan pembelajaran. Responden yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian adalah guru mata pelajaran Fisika. Pada penelitian ini digunakan angket untuk mengumpulkan data dan menggunakan skala Likert dengan skor 1 sampai 4. Selanjutnya, data tersebut diolah dengan menggunakan teknis analisis deskriptif persentase. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, khususnya bagi Direktorat Pembinaan SMA, mengenai kondisi riil di lapangan berkaitan dengan implementasi Kurikulum 2013 SMA sehingga dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan dalam pengambilan kebijakan selanjutnya. Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Abad 21, Kurikulum 2013, Fisika, SMA Rujukan Abstract: This research is a description research conducted from 39 SMA Rujukan in Province of DKI Jakarta. This study aims to describe the implementation of 21st century learning in Curriculum 2013 in the subject matter of physics at SMA Rujukanin Province of DKI Jakarta. The focus research is directed to four sub variables namely; (1) planning of learning; (2) implementing of learning; (3) assessment of learning; & (4) monitoring of learning. Respondents in this research are teacher of Physics subject. This study used questionnaires to collect data and use Likert scale with a score of 1 to 4. Furthermore, the data is processed by using technical analysis descriptive percentage. The results of this study are expected to be an input or recommendation for the Ministry of Education and Culture, especially for the Directorate of High School Development, regarding with the real conditions in the school related to the implementation of Curriculum 2013 so it can be taken into consideration for the next policy making. Keywords: 21st Century Learning, Curriculum 2013, Physics, SMA Rujukan

Prologue

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Gottfried Herder ◽  
Philip V. Bohlman
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
World Music ◽  
World Religions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many

Over the course of more than two centuries modern readers have returned to Johann Gottfried Herder’s writings because of the wide-ranging influence on the many areas of thought that are foundational to modern intellectual history. In this prologue, Herder’s contributions to theological writings from world religions provide touchstones for the foundations of world music in intellectual history. His studies of Christianity and Judaism, as well as early Hindu writings, become common historical subject matter, joined through translation and the widespread presence of music in seminal texts. The prologue identifies the ways in which Herder’s universal thought leads to a new aesthetic and ontology of music, combining the object of song with the subject of singing.

Facing Epistemic Authorities

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-155
Author(s):  
Thomas Grundmann
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Truth Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rational Agent ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
Conspiracy Thinking

Disrespect for the truth, the rise of conspiracy thinking, and a pervasive distrust in experts are widespread features of the post-truth condition in current politics and public opinion. Among the many good explanations of these phenomena there is one that is only rarely discussed: that something is wrong with our deeply entrenched intellectual standards of (i) using our own critical thinking without any restriction and (ii) respecting the judgment of every rational agent as epistemically relevant. This chapter argues that these two Enlightenment principles—the Principle of Unrestricted Critical Thinking and the Principle of Democratic Reason—not only conflict with what is rationally required from a purely epistemic point of view, but also further the spread of conspiracy theories and undermine trust in experts. As a result, we should typically defer to experts without using any of our own reasons regarding the subject matter

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