scholarly journals Gastric Oxyntic Mucosa Pseudopolyps

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Chan Joo ◽  
Gwang Ha Kim
Keyword(s):  
Oxyntic Mucosa

Lafutidine-induced stimulation of mucin biosynthesis mediated by nitric oxide is limited to the surface mucous cells of rat gastric oxyntic mucosa

Life Sciences ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (16) ◽  
pp. PL259-PL264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Ichikawa ◽  
Kazuhiko Ishihara ◽  
Katsunori Saigenji ◽  
Kyoko Hotta
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Oxyntic Mucosa ◽  
Stimulation Of

Nitric oxide inhibits gastric acid secretion by increasing intraparietal cell levels of cGMP in isolated human gastric glands

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (6) ◽  
pp. G1061-G1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Berg ◽  
Stefan Redéen ◽  
Magnus Grenegård ◽  
Ann-Charlott Ericson ◽  
Sven Erik Sjöstrand
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Human Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Oxyntic Mucosa ◽  
No Donor

We have previously identified cells containing the enzyme nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) in the human gastric mucosa. Moreover, we have demonstrated that endogenous and exogenous NO has been shown to decrease histamine-stimulated acid secretion in isolated human gastric glands. The present investigation aimed to further determine whether this action of NO was mediated by the activation of guanylyl cyclase (GC) and subsequent production of cGMP. Isolated gastric glands were obtained after enzymatic digestion of biopsies taken from the oxyntic mucosa of healthy volunteers. Acid secretion was assessed by measuring [14C]aminopyrine accumulation, and the concentration of cGMP was determined by radioimmunoassay. In addition, immunohistochemistry was used to examine the localization of cGMP in mucosal preparations after stimulation with the NO donor S-nitroso- N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP). SNAP (0.1 mM) was shown to decrease acid secretion stimulated by histamine (50 μM); this effect was accompanied by an increase in cGMP production, which was histologically localized to parietal cells. The membrane-permeable cGMP analog dibuturyl-cGMP (db-cGMP; 0.1–1 mM) dose dependently inhibited acid secretion. Additionally, the effect of SNAP was prevented by preincubating the glands with the GC inhibitor 4 H-8-bromo-1,2,4-oxadiazolo[3,4-d]benz[b][1,4]oxazin-1-one (10 μM). We therefore suggest that NO in the human gastric mucosa is of physiological importance in regulating acid secretion. Furthermore, the results show that NO-induced inhibition of gastric acid secretion is a cGMP-dependent mechanism in the parietal cell involving the activation of GC.

Gastrin mediates the gastric mucosal proliferative response to feeding

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (3) ◽  
pp. G470-G476 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Ohning ◽  
H. C. Wong ◽  
K. C. Lloyd ◽  
J. H. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Pancreatic Secretion ◽  
Proliferative Response ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Oxyntic Mucosa ◽  
Proliferative Zone ◽  
Mucosal Proliferation

The role of endogenous gastrin in oxyntic mucosal proliferation during feeding in the rat was studied by immunoneutralization with a gastrin-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) (CURE 051091.5). The immunochemical characteristics of this antibody were characterized by competitive radioimmunoassay, and the in vivo immunoneutralizing properties were validated by measuring effects on gastric acid and pancreatic secretion. Oxyntic mucosal proliferation in response to feeding was measured in adult male rats after a 48-h fast using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry. Gastrin-specific MAb inhibited gastrin-17- but not pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion and had no effect on cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated pancreatic secretion. In contrast, a MAb specific for the common COOH-terminal pentapeptide of gastrin and CCK inhibited gastrin-17- and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion and CCK-stimulated pancreatic secretion. Pretreatment with gastrin-specific MAb 8 h before refeeding significantly reduced by 61% the number of BrdU-labeled cells in the oxyntic mucosal proliferative zone compared with control MAb-treated rats. These results demonstrate the importance of endogenous gastrin in the proliferative response of the oxyntic mucosa to feeding in the rat.

scholarly journals Colocalization of ghrelin O-acyltransferase and ghrelin in gastric mucosal cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (1) ◽  
pp. E134-E141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Sakata ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Charlotte E. Lee ◽  
Sherri Osborne-Lawrence ◽  
Sherry A. Rovinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
Oxyntic Mucosa ◽  
Body Distribution ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Dual Label

Ghrelin is a peptide hormone with many known functions, including orexigenic, blood glucose-regulatory, and antidepressant actions, among others. Mature ghrelin is unique in that it is the only known naturally occurring peptide to be posttranslationally modified by O-acylation with octanoate. This acylation is required for many of ghrelin's actions, including its effects on promoting increases in food intake and body weight. GOAT (ghrelin O-acyltransferase), one of 16 members of the MBOAT family of membrane-bound O-acyltransferases, has recently been identified as the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the addition of the octanoyl group to ghrelin. Although the initial reports of GOAT have localized its encoding mRNA to tissues known to contain ghrelin, it is as yet unclear whether the octanoylation occurs within ghrelin-producing cells or in neighboring cells. Here, we have performed dual-label histochemical analysis on mouse stomach sections and quantitative PCR on mRNAs from highly enriched pools of mouse gastric ghrelin cells to demonstrate a high degree of GOAT mRNA expression within ghrelin-producing cells of the gastric oxyntic mucosa. We also demonstrate that GOAT is the only member of the MBOAT family whose expression is highly enriched within gastric ghrelin cells and whose whole body distribution mirrors that of ghrelin.

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase: expression in rat parietal cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (2) ◽  
pp. G308-G313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyamal Premaratne ◽  
Chun Xue ◽  
John M. McCarty ◽  
Muhammad Zaki ◽  
Robert W. McCuen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Oxyntic Mucosa

Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are enzymes that catalyze the generation of nitric oxide (NO) from l-arginine and require nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) as a cofactor. At least three isoforms of NOS have been identified: neuronal NOS (nNOS or NOS I), inducible NOS (iNOS or NOS II), and endothelial NOS (eNOS or NOS II). Recent studies implicate NO in the regulation of gastric acid secretion. The aim of the present study was to localize the cellular distribution and characterize the isoform of NOS present in oxyntic mucosa. Oxyntic mucosal segments from rat stomach were stained by the NADPH-diaphorase reaction and with isoform-specific NOS antibodies. The expression of NOS in isolated, highly enriched (>98%) rat parietal cells was examined by immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, and RT-PCR. In oxyntic mucosa, histochemical staining revealed NADPH-diaphorase and nNOS immunoreactivity in cells in the midportion of the glands, which were identified as parietal cells in hematoxylin and eosin-stained step sections. In isolated parietal cells, decisive evidence for nNOS expression was obtained by specific immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and RT-PCR. Cloning and sequence analysis of the PCR product confirmed it to be nNOS (100% identity). Expression of nNOS in parietal cells suggests that endogenous NO, acting as an intracellular signaling molecule, may participate in the regulation of gastric acid secretion.

scholarly journals APUD cells in rat oxyntic mucosa

1979 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 800-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Håkanson ◽  
Frank Sundler
Keyword(s):  
Apud Cells ◽  
Oxyntic Mucosa

Quantitative ultrastructure of endocrine cells of oxyntic mucosa in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

1990 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana D'Adda ◽  
Vito Corleto ◽  
Francesco P. Pilato ◽  
Maria Teresa Baggi ◽  
Flavio Robutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Oxyntic Mucosa ◽  
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome ◽  
Quantitative Ultrastructure

The growth of the oxyntic mucosa of the stomach is directly stimulated gastrin in the hypergastrinemic mice

2000 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Naoki Hayashi ◽  
Toshiyuki Takeuchi ◽  
Masaki Fujimura ◽  
Takaaki Nakamura ◽  
Mineko Fujimiya
Keyword(s):  
Oxyntic Mucosa
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document