scholarly journals Methods to digitizing physical properties of fabric for virtual simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Nikola Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Simulation ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Time Investment ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Standardization Process ◽  
Virtual Simulations ◽  
Virtual Fabric ◽  
The One ◽  
3D Software

This investigation is undertaken based on the indicated improvements for fabric simulations. According to the expert opinions, there is no coherency between methods used to measure the fabric properties and the simulated results of the same fabric among the different software packages. In praxis, fashion brands use different 3D software packages and need to measure a fabric with different methods to obtain the same fabric properties. In addition to the time investment, the simulated results for the same fabric vary significantly between the different software packages. The experts indicated the lack of standardization in material measurements, the lack of correlation between the data of the different measurement systems, and the lack of correlation between the simulated results of the different software packages for the same material. This paper investigates, on the one hand, the suitability of the two measurement technologies for retrieving fabric parameters for precise virtual fabric and garment simulations. The focus is on the main properties required by the software packages - bending, shear, tensile and friction-aiming to identify and specify the most suitable methods to retrieve mechanical fabric properties and to start a standardization process for fabric measurements for virtual simulations.

scholarly journals Reproducibility and agreement between three positions for handgrip assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga-Cecilia Vargas-Pinilla ◽  
Eliana-Isabel Rodríguez-Grande
Keyword(s):  
Supine Position ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Standardization Process ◽  
The One ◽  
Level Of Agreement ◽  
Apparently Healthy

AbstractThe protocol established for taking hand grip dynamometry measurements determines that the patient must be in a sitting position. This protocol cannot be applied due to the patient’s conditions in some cases, such as abdominal surgery, musculoskeletal spine or hip injuries. The purpose was to determine the reproducibility and level of agreement between the Handgrip dynamometry in supine position with the elbow flexed or extended, and the one measured in the sitting position, the design was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population were young apparently healthy between 18 and 30 years of age (N = 201). Handgrip measurement was performed on both upper limbs in a sitting position with a flexed elbow, a supine position with a flexed elbow, and supine position with the elbow extended. Reproducibility was nearly perfect in all positions (ICC 0.95–0.97). Regarding the level of agreement for the comparison between sitting and supine positions with a flexed elbow, an average difference of − 0.406. For supine position with an extended elbow and supine position with a flexed elbow, the average difference was − 1.479. Considering the results, clinicians or researchers can choose any of the positions evaluated herein and obtain reliable results as long as the standardization process is followed.

scholarly journals The Application of Virtual Simulations Using Second Life in a Foreign Language Classroom

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tecnam Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Community ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Virtual Simulation ◽  
English Learning ◽  
Language Class ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Virtual Simulations

<p><em>The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of virtual simulation-based language learning in a foreign language class in Korea. Total 35 1st-year university students in Korea participated in this research to figure out the effect of simulations. A virtual English learning community, ‘Cypris Chat’ in Second Life was selected as a learning tool. For the data collection, a survey questionnaire was distributed and analyzed quantitatively. The result shows that the majority of the students had a positive attitude toward using a virtual simulation in English learning and had better understanding in learning English by experiencing an authentic practice. The first section of this paper provides a general overview of simulations in educational settings through an insightful literature review of the current research in the area. The review includes a comprehensive outlook on simulations, an example of successful classroom integration and some of the considerations researchers have found for their implementation. The latter section addresses the research method, results and conclusions.</em></p>

scholarly journals Innovative design and simulation of clothing products for children with atypical changes in conformation and posture

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
POPESCU GEORGETA ◽  
NICULESCU CLAUDIA ◽  
OLARU SABINA
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
The Body ◽  
Virtual Simulation ◽  
Simulation And Modeling ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
3D Simulations ◽  
The One ◽  
Product Verification

The paper presents the design stages of clothing products for children with atypical changes in conformation and posture and the virtual simulation and modeling for the body-product verification. The design technology is an innovative one that allows obtaining the customized patterns by made-to-measure method applied to standardized patterns for all age groups of children, selecting the one corresponding to the typo-dimension of studied subject. The large number of existing anthropometric data and viewing virtual body allows the identification of areas of the body that shows changes in conformation and posture and provides information to the designer and pattern technician in order to develop suitable products in terms of functionality and aesthetics. With the help of simulation software Optitex 3D simulations modeling is performed on the body until fulfillment of the compliance degree for the designed product.

Gespreksvaardigheidsonderwijs in de Moderne Vreemde Talen in het Hoger Onderwijs, in het Bijzonder de Lerarenopleiding

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Gerard M.M. Willems
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Large Classes ◽  
Time Investment ◽  
Conversational Skills ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The One

Foreign language conversational skills training is gradually becoming a debated issue in higher education foreign language departments in the Netherlands. Pressure on the student-staff ratio and, consequently, increasingly large classes raise questions with regard to the effectiveness of traditional methodology. In this paper an attempt is made to outline an approach which, in the long run, will considerably reduce staff-time investment and increasingly encourage student activity. The approach proposed is based on the one hand on recent insights into the role of the learner in his own learning process, and on the other on the hypothesis that languages are acquired first and foremost by conducting conversations (the 'Active Process Hypothesis'). On the whole, tertiary students in the Netherlands start their language study with sufficient linguistic skills in the target language to make such an approach feasible. The paper opens with a discussion of the what of communicative competence and proceeds to how it may be acquired. Discourse elicitation and subsequent analysis and the development of strategic competence in the broadest sense of the term play a central role in the methodology suggested. In conclusion, a practical example of the procedure advocated is presented by way of illustration.

Virtual Axis Finder: A New Method to Determine the Two Kinematic Axes of Rotation for the Tibio-Femoral Joint

2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Roland ◽  
M. L. Hull ◽  
S. M. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Axis ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Mathematical Optimization ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Rotational Axis ◽  
Random Measurement Error ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Virtual Simulations ◽  
Finding Method

The tibio-femoral joint has been mechanically approximated with two fixed kinematic axes of rotation, the longitudinal rotational (LR) axis in the tibia and the flexion-extension (FE) axis in the femur. The mechanical axis finder developed by Hollister et al. (1993, “The Axes of Rotation of the Knee,” Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res., 290, pp. 259–268) identified the two fixed axes but the visual-based alignment introduced errors in the method. Therefore, the objectives were to develop and validate a new axis finding method to identify the LR and FE axes which improves on the error of the mechanical axis finder. The virtual axis finder retained the concepts of the mechanical axis finder but utilized a mathematical optimization to identify the axes. Thus, the axes are identified in a two-step process: First, the LR axis is identified from pure internal-external rotation of the tibia and the FE axis is identified after the LR axis is known. The validation used virtual simulations of 3D video-based motion analysis to create relative motion between the femur and tibia during pure internal-external rotation, and flexion-extension with coupled internal-external rotation. The simulations modeled tibio-femoral joint kinematics and incorporated 1 mm of random measurement error. The root mean squared errors (RMSEs) in identifying the position and orientation of the LR and FE axes with the virtual axis finder were 0.45 mm and 0.20 deg, and 0.11 mm and 0.20 deg, respectively. These errors are at least two times better in position and seven times better in orientation than those of the mechanical axis finder. Variables, which were considered a potential source of variation between joints and/or measurement systems, were tested for their sensitivity to the RMSE of identifying the axes. Changes in either the position or orientation of a rotational axis resulted in high sensitivity to translational RMSE (6.8 mm of RMSE per mm of translation) and rotational RMSE (1.38 deg of RMSE per degree of rotation), respectively. Notwithstanding these high sensitivities, corresponding errors can be reduced by segmenting the range of motion into regions where changes in either position or orientation are small. The virtual axis finder successfully increased the accuracy of the mechanical axis finder when the axes of motion are fixed with respect to the bones, but must be used judiciously in applications which do not have fixed axes of rotation.

scholarly journals An Empirical Framework for Intersection Optimization Based on Uniform Design

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Daniel Jian Sun ◽  
Alexandra Kondyli
Keyword(s):  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Uniform Design ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Control Delay ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
The One ◽  
Entire Network

Operational performance optimization of signalized intersections is one of the most important tasks for traffic engineers and researchers. To compensate for the limitations of practical implementation, simulation software packages have been widely used to evaluate different optimization strategies and thus to improve the efficiency of the intersections as well as the entire network. However, for the existing optimization studies on signalized intersections, the relationships among various optimization measures and the combination of strategies have not been fully investigated. In this paper, uniform design experimentation was introduced to combine different optimization measures into strategies and achieve the minimum time cost in model construction. VISSIM software package was then calibrated and used to evaluate various optimization strategies and identify the one with the best measurement of performance, namely, control delay at the signalized intersection. By taking a representative congested intersection in Shanghai as a case study, the optimal strategy was identified to reduce the overall control delay by 27.3%, which further verified the modeling capability of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Handgrip Assessment: Reproducibility and Agreement between Two Positions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga-Cecilia Vargas-Pinilla ◽  
Eliana-Isabel Rodríguez-Grande
Keyword(s):  
Supine Position ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Standardization Process ◽  
The One ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Abstract Background: The protocol established for taking Hand grip dynamometry measurements determines that the patient must be in a sitting position. this protocol cannot be applied due to the patient’s conditions in some cases, such as abdominal surgery, musculoskeletal spine or hip injuries. The purpuse was to determine the reproducibility and level of agreement between the Handgrip dynamometry in supine position with the elbow flexed or extended, and the one measured in the sitting position, for determining if these postures can be interchangeable depending on the patient’s condition. Methods: The design was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population were apparently healthy students, who were young adults between 18 and 30 years of age. (N=201). Handgrip measurement was performed on both upper limbs in a sitting position with a flexed elbow, a supine position with elbow flexion, and a supine position with the elbow extended. Three handgrip measurements were taken for each upper limb in each posture. Results: Reproducibility was nearly perfect in all positions evaluated for both the upper right and left limbs (ICC 0.95-0.97). Regarding the level of agreement for the comparison between sitting and supine positions with a flexed elbow, an average difference of −0.406 was noted, and the upper and lower agreement limits were found to be 4.59 and −5.40, respectively. For supine position with an extended elbow and supine position with a flexed elbow, the average difference was −1.479, and the upper and lower agreement limits were 3.881 and −6.840, respectively. Conclusions: Taking into account the results achieved in this study, clinicians or researchers can choose any of the positions evaluated herein and obtain reliable results as long as the standardization process is followed. The criterion of choice could be the patient’s condition.

scholarly journals Quality control of CarboEurope flux data – Part 2: Inter-comparison of eddy-covariance software

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mauder ◽  
T. Foken ◽  
R. Clement ◽  
J. A. Elbers ◽  
W. Eugster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ip Network ◽  
Coordinate Rotation ◽  
The One ◽  
Processing Steps

Abstract. As part of the quality assurance and quality control activities within the CarboEurope-IP network, a comparison of eddy-covariance software was conducted. For four five-day datasets, CO2 flux estimates were calculated by seven commonly used software packages to assess the uncertainty of CO2 flux estimates due to differences in post-processing. The datasets originated from different sites representing different commonly applied instrumentation and different canopy structures to cover a wide range of realistic conditions. Data preparation, coordinate rotation and the implementation of the correction for high frequency spectral losses were identified as crucial processing steps leading to significant discrepancies in the CO2 flux results. The overall comparison indicated a good although not yet perfect agreement among the different software within 5–10% difference for 30-min CO2 flux values. Conceptually different ideas about the selection and application of processing steps were a main reason for the differences in the CO2 flux estimates observed. A balance should be aspired between scientific freedom on the one hand, in order to advance methodical issues, and standardisation of procedures on the other hand, in order to obtain comparable fluxes for multi-site synthesis studies.

FLUPOL-MOSQITO, models, simulations, critical analysis and development

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Blanc ◽  
R. Kellagher ◽  
L. Phan ◽  
R. Price
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Water Quality Modelling ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
The One

In the domain of water quality modelling in urban drainage, FLUPOL and MOSQITO are among the first software packages to simulate pollutographs during a particular rainfall event. They both have similar approaches to the phenomenon. Nevertheless the observed divergences between them induced a comparison of the two programs by Anjou Recherche and Wallingford Software. Even if the experiments made with the original calibration and validation data, followed by the one on the pilot study of the Stangalard, pointed out the difficulty of having a fully balanced benchmark, it seems that the FLUPOL concepts were more appropriate for operational engineering.

scholarly journals Dynamic Testing of Buses and their Components

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Petr Záruba ◽  
Jakub Jelínek ◽  
Michal Kalinský
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Testing ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Virtual Simulation ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Virtual Simulations

Abstract The article gives an overview of a virtual simulation method under ECE Regulation No. R66 - bus rollover. The first part of the article introduces the process of virtual simulations in terms of homologation. The conclusion is focused on the correlation of physical tests with virtual simulations.

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