scholarly journals Nitrosamines: Carcinogenic chemical 'intruders' in occupational environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Ana Miltojević ◽  
Tatjana Golubović ◽  
Marina Stojanović
Keyword(s):  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Nitroso Compounds ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Control Work

Nitrosamines, or more precisely N-nitrosamines, along with N-nitrosamides, belongs to N-nitroso compounds, a class of organic compounds that have a nitroso (-N=O) group attached directly to a nitrogen atom. Only a few of them occur naturally while the majority is formed by nitrosation of secondary amines in a living and working environment, food, tobacco smoke, etc. These compounds have scarce application in the industry, but they can be formed in situ, so they can be considered as chemical intruders in working environments. Considering their toxicity, especially carcinogenicity, where there is a risk of exposure to N-nitroso compounds, appropriate protection measures should be taken, including process control, work practices, protective clothing, use of respirators, legal regulations.

Serum of 8-OHdG as a potential biomarker of oxidative DNA damage in workers exposed to harmful working environments

2020 ◽  
pp. 783-783
Author(s):  
I. A. Umnyagina ◽  
L. A. Strakhova ◽  
T. V. Blinova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
High Level ◽  
Damage Marker

In the blood serum of 70% individuals exposed to harmful factors of the working environment, a high level of oxidative stress and the DNA damage marker 8-Hydroxy-2’-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were detected.

scholarly journals Cutting Resistance Laboratory Testing Methodology for Underwater Coal Mining

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 564
Author(s):  
Vladimir Čebašek ◽  
Veljko Rupar ◽  
Stevan Đenadić ◽  
Filip Miletić
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Cutting Resistance ◽  
Testing Methodology

The bucket-wheel dredge “Kovin I” for underwater coal mining with bucket-wheel type UCW-450 has been in operation for over 20 years. Based on analyzing the bucket-wheel dredger performance, productivity, maintenance costs, and reliability, a rational decision was made: to rehabilitate the most essential parts of the dredge, including the bucket wheel and the gearbox. However, the selection and construction of the excavator parts were performed on the ground of available laboratory data for digging resistance. The data itself was determined by the testing methodology that did not include the influence of surrounding water pressure at a certain depth of mining. According to the previous findings, it was necessary to develop a specific research and testing program that would involve appropriate laboratory testing of the geomechanical parameters. These were to represent the influence of hydrostatic water pressure on the working environment—coal. Nevertheless, geomechanical laboratory research tests were initially modified to provide reliable data of cutting resistance, especially in the water under different hydrostatic pressures, fully simulating the “in situ” working conditions of mining, i.e., cutting.

Intangible Cultural Property, Tangible Databases, Visible Debates: The Sawau Project

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Carlo Pigliasco
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Intangible Heritage ◽  
Collaborative Tool ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Pacific Island Countries

AbstractIntellectual property claims have long been sustained in a way that is now under severe scrutiny. Pacific Island countries continue to face unauthorized uses of their traditional knowledge and practices. In response, international agencies in collaboration with Pacific Island countries are promoting sui generis forms of protection. The Institute of Fijian Language and Culture's Cultural Mapping Programme looks beyond ongoing debates about indigenous collection and digitization of intangible heritage to promote sui generis protection measures in lieu of western intellectual property law. Supported by an Institute grant, the unfolding Sawau Project creates an archive of sites, stories, and shared memories of the Sawau people of Beqa, an island iconic in Fiji for its firewalking practice (vilavilairevo). Advocating a form of social intervention in situ, The Sawau Project has become a collaborative tool to encourage digital documentation, linkages, and institutional collaborations among Fijian communities and their allies to negotiate and promote alternative forms of protection.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF COMPUTER SIMULATION TO CONSTRUCTION OF INCREMENTAL LAUNCHING BRIDGES

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Marzouk ◽  
Hisham Zein El-Dein ◽  
Moheeb El-Said
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Bridge Construction ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Simulation Engine ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Stationary Location

Construction of bridges is associated with uncertainties that rise due to unavailability of resources, equipment breakdown and/or working environment. Bridge construction techniques can be grouped into six main categories: 1) cast‐in‐situ on false work, 2) cantilever carriage, 3) stepping formwork, 4) launching girder, 5) pre‐cast balanced cantilever, and 6) incremental launching. The latter technique is characterised by minimising the use of falsework. Further, the fabrication and casting of bridge segments are executed at a stationary location, named casting yard (which includes several facilities), deck form, concrete mixing unit, and pumping system. This paper presents a special purpose simulation model to capture the uncertainty associated with bridge construction. The model accounts for the interaction between the different involved resources in construction of bridges using incremental launching technique. The paper describes two methods (single form and multiple forms) of execution used for the segments fabrication. The proposed simulation model utilises STROBOSCOPE as a simulation engine and is coded by Visual Basic 6.0. An actual case study is presented to illustrate the capabilities of the developed model and validate its performance.

scholarly journals Co-creating Positive Working Environments: a meta mediation perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-307
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Working Relationships ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Working Environments

This article is a practitioner reflection on taking a meta mediation perspective on working with two organizations in co-creating a positive and constructive working environment. This perspective is grounded in the theoretical framework of strategic conflict management systems. The approach taken is to consider a specific process for engaging with organizations by looking at the two case study organizations – one small and growing, the other medium-sized and resource-constrained. The reflection first considers the antecedents for both organizations in engaging in this way. It then sets out the process for whole organization engagement through dialogue. The outcomes for each organization are then shared. The conclusion reached is that both organizations benefited from the engagement in terms of improvements in work environment, working relationships, conflict competence and organizational performance. Some of the ethical considerations for mediators working with organizations in this way are reflected on including neutrality and impartiality, confidentiality and self determination.

Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Lebanese Healthcare

2017 ◽  
pp. 208-220
Author(s):  
Johnny Chalita Chaanine
Keyword(s):  
Employee Performance ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Entrepreneurial Factors

In a world that is swiftly evolving, working life conditions are continuously changing too; this chapter will deal with changing environment and its impact on our lives; it will cover the historical background of healthcare in Lebanon, the entrepreneurial factors affecting the Lebanese hospitals stressing on the working life needs especially the skills needed to learn new things which will provide a better ability to adapt to changing working environments. This chapter also stresses on the role of core competences among entrepreneurs in special fields of social and health care. The healthcare industry has experienced a worldwide growth and proliferation of innovation aimed at improving our lives, its quality and providing better treatment in addition to creating a good working environment enhancing employee performance and self-satisfaction.

Complexity Factors in Networked and Virtual Working Environments

2010 ◽  
pp. 1346-1354
Author(s):  
Juha Kettunen ◽  
Ari Putkonen ◽  
Ursula Hyrkkänen
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Virtual Work ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Data Networks ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Cultural Spaces ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Tools ◽  
The One

Working environments are changing from the traditional model. An increasing amount of work takes place in networked and virtual environments which are not tied to one place and time. The work environment is defined “virtual,” when the employee uses information and communication technology (ICT) for collaboration (Vartiainen, 2006). The planning of working conditions becomes challenging task for managers and ICT tool developers, because there is a lack of understanding the consequences of emerging virtual work. The capacity of workers to percept and process information is burdened with the complexity and high demands of working life. Knowledge of the complexity factors of the overall work system is essential for an in depth understanding of human working capabilities and limitations (Kleiner, 2006). The complexity of work is usually considered as a factor related to the task. At the one end the task is creative and demanding and at the other end it is simple and routine-like. The expanded complexity concept also takes into account the working environment that can be different combinations of physical, virtual, social and cultural spaces. The purpose of this article is to present a framework to analyse the complexity factors in networked and virtual working environments. The approach developed in this article is intended to be generic in order to be applicable to various kinds of organisations and networks for the purpose of management. It is important that the working conditions of workers can be planned in advance to provide workers with appropriate ICT tools and data networks to enable efficient cooperation in networks in a way that the workload can be limited to a sustainable level. The described framework is assessed using the case of the Turku University of Applied Sciences (TUAS).

Functional Group Protection

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglass F. Taber
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Silyl Ether ◽  
Southern Illinois ◽  
Convenient Procedure ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
National University ◽  
Facile Preparation ◽  
The University

Bekington Myrboh of North-Eastern Hill University reported (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2862) a convenient procedure for the oxidative removal of a 1,3-oxathiolane 1 or a 1,3-dithiolane. Sang-Gyeong Lee and Yong-Jin Yoon of Gyeongsang National University developed (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 484) the pyridazin-3(2H )-one 4 for the microwave-mediated deprotection of an oxime 3. Dario M. Bassani of Université Bordeaux 1 and John S. Snaith of the University of Birmingham devised (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 4648) a procedure for the facile preparation of esters such as 6. Brief photolysis (350 nm) returned the parent carboxylic acid 7. Craig M. Williams of the University of Queensland prepared (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 1158) the trithioorthoester 8 by iterative opening of epichlorohydrin. He found that the keto ester 9 could be efficiently released by Hg-mediated hydrolysis. Masatoshi Mihara of the Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute established (Synlett 2010, 253) that even very congested alcohols such as 10 could be acetylated by acetic anhydride containing a trace of FeCl3. Colleen N. Scott, now at Southern Illinois University, developed (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 253) a convenient procedure for the preparation of the hydridosilane 13, which on Mn catalysis added the alcohol 12 to make the unsymmetrical bisalkoxysilane 14. Sabine Berteina-Raboin of the Université d’Orléans found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2115) that NaBH4 in EtOH cleanly removed the chloroacetates from 15. Both other esters and silyl ethers were stable under these conditions. Ram S. Mohan of Illinois Wesleyan University established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 1056) that Fe(III) tosylate in methanol selectively removed the alkyl silyl ether from 17 without affecting the aryl silyl ether. Alakananda Hajra and Adinath Majee of Visva-Bharati University effected (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2896) formylation of an amine 19 by heating with commercial 85% formic acid as the solvent in a sealed tube at 80°C. Although both primary and secondary amines could be effi ciently formylated, the primary amines were much more reactive. Doo Ok Jang of Yonsei University found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 683) that the conveniently handled CF3CCO2H (the acid chloride is a gas) could be activated in situ to selectively convert 22 into 24.

Greek hospital environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-652
Author(s):  
Kalliopi Brofidi ◽  
Konstantinos Vlasiadis ◽  
Anastas Philalithis
Keyword(s):  
Care Quality ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Nurse Satisfaction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Hospital Environments ◽  
Greek Hospital ◽  
Medical Wards

Purpose The purpose of this paper is three-fold: first, to assess nurse satisfaction levels with working environment (known as favourability) in five Greek public hospitals using the practice environment scale (PES); second, to compare perceptions among nurses employed in surgical and medical departments; and third, to examine relationships between perceptions and nurse educational level and experience. Design/methodology/approach In total, 532 nurses from five major public hospitals in Greece completed the PES. Descriptive statistics, t-tests and Spearman correlations were employed to analyse the data. Findings Nurses perceived their work settings as unfavourable in all five hospitals, with collegial nurse–physician relations emerging as the only positive factor. Compared to medical wards, surgical departments emerged as slightly more positive working environments. Work department notwithstanding, in some cases, education and experience levels affected their perceptions on management, poor care quality, limited nurse involvement in hospital affairs and nursing shortage. Practical implications Hospital managers do not provide sufficient support for Greek nurses in their working environments. Originality/value The authors attempted to evaluate nursing practice environments in Greek hospitals, viewed from nurse perspectives. The authors identified insufficient support for nurses’ working in these hospitals.

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