scholarly journals Risk factors for coronary heart disease and family medicine: What can be done?

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-265
Author(s):  
Dalibor Mihajlović ◽  
Biljana Mihajlović ◽  
Nevena Todorović ◽  
Žana Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background / Aim: More people die each year due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) than from any other cause. The most common cause of ischaemic heart diseases (IHD) is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. Risk factors for the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) can be preventable and non-preventable. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of individual risk factors in patients with CHD. Methods: Retrospective analysis included patients with diagnoses of stable angina pectoris (AP), unstable angina pectoris and myocardial infarction - acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and ischaemic cardiomyopathy (iCMP). The prevalence of the following risk factors for IHD was analysed: hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cholesterol, smoking, family history, age and sex. Data were taken from the Register of Patients with Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors and electronic patient records. Results: Of the total number of respondents older than 18, 4.95 % had CHD. Of the 178 patients with IHD, 70 (39.3 %) patients had AP, 60 (33.7 %) patients had ACS and 48 (27.0 %) patients had iCMP. Positive family history had 63.5 % of patients, 72 % were older than 66, 24.1 % were smokers and 74.2 % of patients had elevated blood cholesterol levels. Diabetes mellitus affected 29.2 % of patients, hypertension 88.8 %, and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 had 70.8 % of patients. Of the total number of patients with ACS, 68.3 % were men, while higher percentage of women suffered from AP (62.9 %) (p = 0.002). In the age below 65, CHD was more common in men (p = 0.007). Cholesterol was elevated more often in patients with AP than iCMP (p = 0.001). Patients with ACS were more likely to have diabetes mellitus compared to patients with AP and iCMP (p = 0.010). Conclusion: The prevalence of preventable risk factors is alarmingly high. Of particular importance is the timely detection and treatment of risk factors by family physicians and strengthening the personal responsibility of each individual in choosing their lifestyle and active involvement in the therapeutic process.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Penyakit Jantung Koroner pada Pasien di Unit Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Panti Rapih Yogyakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Deviana Widayanti ◽  
Chatarina Setya Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lack Of Exercise

Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Is a condition when the arteries that supply blood to the heart wall experience hardening and narrowing. It is estimated that 30% of coronary heart disease causes death worldwide. Objective: This study aims to determine the risk factors for CHD in Panti Rapih Hospital. Methods: This descriptive study aims to determine the risk factors for CHD in outpatients at Panti Rapih Hospital. The population is patients who have been diagnosed with coronary heart disease and the sample was taken by 50 respondents with non-random accidental sampling technique. This research take the data use questionnaire and make univariat analysis. Results: Risk factors for CHD are a number of factors that cannot be changed: family history of 42%, age = 40 years 95% in men and 95% age = 65 years in women. Factors that can be changed are: Smoking 78%, history of hypertension 68%, history of diabetes mellitus 28%, dyslipidemic 90%, excess body weight42% and lack of exercise 38%. Conclusion: Risk factors for CHD that cannot be changed: family history of 42%, age = 40 years 95% in men and 95% age = 65 years in women. Factors that can be changed are: Smoking 78%, history of hypertension 68%, history of diabetes mellitus 28%, dyslipidemic 90%, excess body weight 42% and lack of exercise 38%.     Keywords: coronary heart disease, risk factors

scholarly journals Paraoxonase 1 Activity, Polymorphism and Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wysocka ◽  
Marek Cybulski ◽  
Andrzej P.Wysokiński ◽  
Henryk Berbeć ◽  
Janusz Stążka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Paraoxonase Activity

Background: Paraoxonase1 (PON1), an enzyme connected to high density lipoproteins (HDL) particles, plays an important role in protecting arteries against atherosclerosis. The serum activity and concentration of PON1 depends on several genetic polymorphisms as well as environmental factors. Materials and methods: Investigated population consisted of 71 patients aged 43–76 years with confirmed coronary heart disease (CHD). Established risk factors of CHD such as hypertension, elevated total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), low HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking and premature CHD in family history were assessed. PON1 genotype for –108C/T promotor region was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) method. Paraoxonase activity towards paraoxon and arylesterase activity towards phenyl acetate were measured spectrophotometrically. Results: Significant correlations between diabetes mellitus and paraoxonase activity (R = –0.264, p = 0.026) and between the premature coronary heart disease in family history and PON1 activity (R = –0.293, p = 0.013) were found. In multivariate analysis, PON1 paraoxonase activity was independently of confounding factors associated with diabetes (OR = 0.985; p = 0.024) and premature CHD in family history (OR = 0.983; p = 0.027). PON1 activity towards aryl acetate positively correlated with HDL-C level (R = 0.255, p = 0.032). In patients treated with statins, PON1 paraoxonase activity was significantly (p = 0.033) higher than in patients without treatment. Conclusions: In diabetic patients with CHD, paraoxonase activity is lower than in normoglycemic patients despite similar lipid profiles. Diabetes and positive family history in patients with overt CHD are associated with the serum PON1 activity, which might be an additional factor helpful in evaluating cardiovascular risk in this group of patients.

scholarly journals Role of thyroid hormones in coronary heart disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Boris Yosifov ◽  
Plamen Gatzov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

The coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes for sudden cardiac death, cardiovascular morbidity and disability. The main risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, dyslipidaemia, have been extensively studied and researched to this day. In the background, however, are some of the most common endocrinological diseases and abnormalities, mainly those related to thyroid hormones. The purpose of this review is to look at the role of thyroid pathology and hormones in the development of coronary heart disease, as well as their place as a prognostic marker in acute coronary syndrome.

scholarly journals Lack of association between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-2 gene variants and the occurrence of coronary heart disease in patients with diabetes mellitus

2002 ◽  
pp. 545-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bluher ◽  
T Klemm ◽  
T Gerike ◽  
H Krankenberg ◽  
G Schuler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Reduced Risk

OBJECTIVE: Recent evidence indicates that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is expressed at high levels in foam cells of atherosclerotic lesions, that PPARgamma agonists may directly modulate vessel wall function and that mutations in the PPARgamma-2 gene are associated with a reduced risk of coronary artery disease. METHODS: We investigated whether known variants in the PPARgamma-2 gene are associated with the occurrence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in 365 patients with type 2 diabetes, prospectively characterised for the presence or absence of CHD. The Pro115Gln, Pro12Ala, Pro467Leu, Val290Met mutations and two polymorphisms C478T and C161T of the PPARgamma-2 gene were examined using PCR, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and direct sequencing. RESULTS: The distribution of the Pro12Ala, Ala12Ala, C161T and T161T variants was not significantly different between patients with and without CHD, independent of the gender. The Pro12Ala (P=0.011) and the Ala12Ala (P=0.006) variant were associated with a higher body mass index (BMI) compared with the Pro12Pro genotype. A multiple logistic regression analysis introducing the typical risk factors for CHD (age, sex, hypertension, smoking, BMI >26 kg/m2, elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol and haemoglobin A1c >7%) identified age >60, male gender, hypertension and a higher BMI, but not the PPARgamma-2 variants, as significant risk factors for CHD in our study groups. CONCLUSION: The PPARgamma-2 genotype was not associated with an increased or reduced risk of the occurrence of CHD and can therefore not be regarded as an independent risk factor for CHD in patients with diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Analisis Survival Penyakit Jantung Koroner Berulang

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Fidya Panorama Damayanti ◽  
Arief Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Recurrent Event ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Survival analysis is one of data analysis the result showing certain times had happened. Cox regression analysis is one of the most powerful and commonly used for analyzing survival data since the result of this method showing nearly similar result to parametric model. This study aim is to determine case of recurrent Coronary Heart Disease risk factors, and to know how many survival in day of recurrent Coronary Heart Disease based on the risk factors at RS Islam Surabaya in 2015 – 2016. Measurement in research subjects was conducted in the medical record. This research using observational research approach. Subjects were 63 Coronary Heart Disease inpatients in RS Islam Surabaya. Measurement was conducted to obtain information of examined variables. Independent variables were data sensor status, survival time (measured in day), sex, age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. This analysis showing the occurrence time average of recurrent CHDs in Coronary Heart Disease patients in general is 614 days. Rate of reccurence had similar risks for all age groups, gender, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. CHD patients with hypertension status have risk of 9.291 times greater than no hypertension status. This research can be used by RS Islam Surabaya to gave Communication, Information, and Education to the patient and their relatives especially for patient with hypertension status to have continuous check-up in order not to get another recurrent event of CHD in the near future.

scholarly journals Atrial fibrillation risk factors in patients with ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Paweł Wańkowicz ◽  
Przemysław Nowacki ◽  
Monika Gołąb-Janowska
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders

IntroductionAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart arrhythmia. The condition is known to increase the risk of ischemic stroke (IS). Classical risk factors for the development of AF include advanced age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and lipid metabolism disorders. Importantly, these are also recognized risk factors for ischemic stroke. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate AF risk factors in patients with IS.Material and methodsThis is single-centre retrospective study which included 696 patients with acute ischemic stroke and nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and 1678 patients with acute ischemic stroke without atrial fibrillation.ResultsIn this study we found – based on a univariable and multivariable logistic regression model – that compared to the patients with IS without AF, the group of patients which suffered from IS with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) had a higher proportion of patients who smoked cigarettes (OR = 15.742, p < 0.01; OR = 41.1, p < 0.01), had hypertension (OR = 5.161, p < 0.01; OR = 5.666, p < 0.01), history of previous stroke (OR = 3.951, p < 0.01; OR = 4.792, p < 0.01), dyslipidemia (OR = 2.312, p < 0.01; OR = 1.592, p < 0.01), coronary heart disease (OR = 2.306, p < 0.01; OR = 1.988, p < 0.01), a greater proportion of female patients (OR = 1.717, p < 0.01; OR = 2.095, p < 0.01), higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.341, p < 0.01; OR = 1.261, p = 0.106) and more patients in old age (OR = 1.084, p < 0.01; OR = 1.101, p < 0.01).ConclusionsOur study demonstrates a need for thorough and systematic monitoring of post-ischemic stroke patients in whom AF has not been detected and who display other important risk factors. Regardless of the stroke, these factors may be responsible for development of AF.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document