scholarly journals Ultrastructural morphometry of neurosecretory granules in the neuroblastomas of paediatric patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Sofija Jovanović ◽  
Tamara Kravić-Stevović
Keyword(s):  
Neurosecretory Granules ◽  
Ultrastructural Morphometry ◽  
Paediatric Patients

Release of Neurosecretion in the Crayfish Sinus Gland

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
Richard R. Shivers
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Neurosecretory Granules ◽  
Sinus Gland ◽  
Diameter Class ◽  
Dense Membrane ◽  
Neurohemal Organ ◽  
Dense Vesicles

The sinus gland is a neurohemal organ located in the crayfish eyestalk and represents a storage site for neurohormones prior to their release into the circulation. The sinus gland contains 3 classes of dense, membrane-limited granules: 1) granules measuring less than 1000 Å in diameter, 2) granules measuring 1100-1400 Å in diameter, and 3) granules measuring 1500-2000 Å in diameter. Class 3 granules are the most electron-dense of the granules found in the sinus gland, while class 2 granules are the most abundant. Generally, all granules appear to undergo similar changes during release.Release of neurosecretory granules may be initiated by a preliminary fragmentation of the “parent granule” into smaller, less dense vesicles which measure about 350 Å in diameter (V, Figs. 1-3). A decrease in density of the granules prior to their fragmentation has been observed and may reflect a change in the chemical nature of the granule contents.

European paediatric patients with neuromyelitis optica: a good prognosis for most and seronegative to NMO-IgG

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Huppke ◽  
M Blüthner ◽  
O Bauer ◽  
W Stark ◽  
K Reinhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
European Paediatric ◽  
Paediatric Patients

Surgical Outcome in Paediatric Patients with Ebstein's Anomaly: A Multicenter, Long-Term Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (S 02) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Geerdink ◽  
G. du Marchie Sarvaas ◽  
I. Kuipers ◽  
W. Helbing ◽  
T. Delhaas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Ebstein’S Anomaly ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Ebstein's Anomaly ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Paediatric Patients

Thrombin generation in paediatric patients with congenital heart disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S61-S66 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cvirn ◽  
A. Rosenkranz ◽  
B. Leschnik ◽  
W. Raith ◽  
W. Muntean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Global Test ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Age Range

SummaryThrombin generation was studied in paediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) undergoing cardiac surgery using the calibrated automated thrombography (CAT) in terms of the lag time until the onset of thrombin formation, time to thrombin peak maximum (TTP), endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), and thrombin peak height. The suitability to determine the coagulation status of these patients was investigated. Patients, material, methods: CAT data of 40 patients with CHD (age range from newborn to 18 years) were compared to data using standard coagulation parameters such as prothrombin (FII), antithrombin (AT), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), prothrombin fragment 1.2 (F 1.2), thrombin-antithrombin (TAT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and prothrombin time (PT). Results: A significant positive correlation was seen between ETP and FII (p < 0.01; r = 0.369), as well as between peak height and F II (p < 0.01; r = 0.483). A significant negative correlation was seen between ETP and TFPI values (p < 0.05; r = –0.225) while no significant correlation was seen between peak height and TFPI. A significant negative correlation was seen between F 1.2 generation and ETP (p < 0.05; r = –0.254) and between F 1.2 generation and peak height (p < 0.05; r = –0.236). No correlation was seen between AT and ETP or peak. Conclusions: CAT is a good global test reflecting procoagulatory and inhibitory factors of the haemostatic system in paediatric patients with CHD.

Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Profile of Paediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (02) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony K C Chan ◽  
Michael Leaker ◽  
Frederick A Burrows ◽  
William G Williams ◽  
Colleen E Gruenwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Heparin Cofactor Ii ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Sick Children

SummaryThe haemostatic system and the use of heparin during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) have been studied extensively in adults but not in children. Results from adult trials cannot be extrapolated to children because of age-dependent physiologic differences in haemostasis. We studied 22 consecutive paediatric patients who underwent CPB at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto. Fibrinogen, factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, XI, XII, prekallikrein, protein C, protein S, antithrombin (AT), heparin cofactor II, α2-macroglobulin, plasminogen, α2-antiplas- min, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor, thrombin-AT complexes (TAT), D-dimer, heparin (by both anti-factor Xa assay and protamine titration) and activated clotting time (ACT) were assayed perioperatively. The timing of the sampling was: pre heparin, post heparin, after initiation of CPB, during hypothermia, post hypothermia, post protamine reversal and 24 h post CPB. Plasma concentrations of all haemostatic proteins decreased by an average of 56% immediately following the initiation of CPB due to haemodilution. During CPB, the majority of procoagulants, inhibitors and some components of the fibrinolytic system (plasminogen, α2AP) remained stable. However, plasma concentrations of TAT and D-dimers increased during CPB showing that significant activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems occurred. Mechanisms responsible for the activation of haemostasis are likely complex. However, low plasma concentrations of heparin (<2.0 units/ml in 45% of patients) during CPB were likely a major contributing etiology. ACT values showed a poor correlation (r = 0.38) with heparin concentrations likely due to concurrent haemodilution of haemostatic factors, activation of haemostatic system, hypothermia and activation of platelets. In conclusion, CPB in paediatric patients causes global decreases of components of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, primarily by haemodilution and secondarily by consumption.

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