Technology and Global Health: Spy vs. Spy and SPOCs to Promote Global Drug Supply Safety

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas T Kubic
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Drug Supply ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
Criminal Network ◽  
The Past ◽  
Individual Medicine

New anti-tampering technologies and security features along with coding of individual medicine packages can aid in identifying and then reducing harm associated with counterfeiting of medicines. Equally important, however, is effective communication between public sector and private sector actors; this has occurred in the past as evidenced in a joint effort to address a global criminal network. The Pharmaceutical Security Institute is participating in ongoing international efforts to promote the concept of a Single Point of Contact (SPOC) system to further enhance communication amongst the stakeholders. Using this approach, technology and human engagement can promote safety of the global drug supply.

Multi-Channel Delivery of E-Services in the Light of M-Government Challenge

2011 ◽  
pp. 1638-1657
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Germanakos ◽  
George Samaras ◽  
Eleni Christodoulou
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Single Point ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The Public ◽  
Front End ◽  
Technological Constraints ◽  
The Impact

During the last decade, users have become accustomed to new means of service delivery in the private sector. Nowadays, users expect the same level of variety from the public sector: they want their interactions to be convenient, and they prefer to be online rather than in-line. New developments in ICT along with the growth of mobile communication allow the involved sectors to meet these challenges by re-engineering their front-end and back-end of?ce. They have developed new ways of interaction through a variety of channels allowing users to consume their services anytime, anywhere, and anyhow, restructure services that accommodate their users’ needs, and re-organize processes within and between separate administrative bodies. This chapter will examine the interaction requirements regarding a friendlier and more effective multi-channel services environment, the mobility challenges, and their apt implementation in the governmental sector placing emphasis on the technological constraints of an m-government open interoperable multi-service delivery infrastructure and the impact of its single-point of access functionality across the borders of the new digitally integrated Pan-European reality.

Multi-Channel Delivery of E-Services in the Light of M-Government Challenge

2007 ◽  
pp. 292-317
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Germanakos ◽  
George Samaras ◽  
Eleni Christodoulou
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Single Point ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The Public ◽  
Front End ◽  
Technological Constraints ◽  
The Impact

During the last decade, users have become accustomed to new means of service delivery in the private sector. Nowadays, users expect the same level of variety from the public sector: they want their interactions to be convenient, and they prefer to be online rather than in-line. New developments in ICT along with the growth of mobile communication allow the involved sectors to meet these challenges by re-engineering their front-end and back-end of?ce. They have developed new ways of interaction through a variety of channels allowing users to consume their services anytime, anywhere, and anyhow, restructure services that accommodate their users’ needs, and re-organize processes within and between separate administrative bodies. This chapter will examine the interaction requirements regarding a friendlier and more effective multi-channel services environment, the mobility challenges, and their apt implementation in the governmental sector placing emphasis on the technological constraints of an m-government open interoperable multi-service delivery infrastructure and the impact of its single-point of access functionality across the borders of the new digitally integrated Pan-European reality.

More thoughts on St Mary's Island

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
David Levitt
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
New Ideas

It is good to see innovations in housing design being applied to the private sector; the ultimate test of any new idea is that someone should want to invest in it. All too often in the past any experimentation in housing design was mainly confined to the public sector. Lack of ‘market testing’ was one of the main reasons why brave experiments sometimes went horribly wrong. All through those years of experimentation, between say 1955 and 1975, with the exception of Eric Lyons' Span housing, architects found fertile ground in public sector – local authority – commissions. It is only now, with loads of government encouragement, that major developers are beginning to sponsor new ideas in design, in higher density, ‘joined up’ housing.

Regulation Inside Government: Retro‐Theory Vindicated or Outdated?

2010 ◽  
pp. 589-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lodge ◽  
Christopher Hood
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Law And Society ◽  
Public Sector Reform ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
The Past

Regulation is a word that has gained a wide currency in discussions of public sector reform over the past thirty years or so. Many have claimed that increased formal regulation of public sector activity reflects deep-seated ‘modernist’ changes in the functioning of state machinery. This article scrutinises regulation within government. To put the modern use of the R-word (to signify oversight of government) into context, this article begins by pointing out the relatively modest incidence and growth of articles using this term in some of the leading international journals on executive government and law and society over the last decade. This article questions whether accounts, are still able to offer much leverage over the contemporary regulation of government by itself. It also suggests that past commentators may have been rather too optimistic about the ease with which government could regulate the private sector.

Can public financing of the private sector defeat antimicrobial resistance?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack E James
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Public Financing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cash Incentives ◽  
History Of

Abstract Public financing to incentivise private sector innovation in antimicrobial pharmaceuticals is believed by many to be necessary to defeat growing threats from antimicrobial resistance. Large cash incentives from the public sector are said to be essential to stimulate ‘normal’ market forces capable of unleashing much-needed innovation. However, there is little evidence to suggest that lack of innovation in drug development is peculiar to antimicrobials or that current deficits in the supply of antimicrobials is due to unique inefficiencies in the antimicrobial market. Neither the history of drug development in general nor of antimicrobial innovation in particular supports economic interventions intended to stimulate private sector supply of new antimicrobials. On the contrary, public underwriting of the private sector, which by definition is compelled to prioritise profit, risks dire consequences for future global health.

scholarly journals Emerging trends: Artificial Intelligence, China and my new job at Baidu

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENNETH WARD CHURCH
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
The West ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
The World

AbstractIt is amazing that I have written for more than a year on Emerging Trends without mentioning China’s investments in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Now that I have moved to Baidu, I would like to take this opportunity to share some of my personal observations with what’s happening in China over the past 25 years. The top universities in China have always been very good, but they are better today than they were 25 years ago, and they are on a trajectory to become the biggest and the best in the world. China is investing big time in what we do, both in the private sector and the public sector. Kai-Fu Lee is bullish on his investments in AI and China. There is a bold government plan for AI with specific milestones for parity with the West in 2020, major breakthroughs by 2025 and the envy of the world by 2030.

Retirement incentives and behavior of private and public sector workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Courtney Coile ◽  
Susan Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Defined Benefit ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Retirement Incentives ◽  
Retirement Behavior ◽  
Public Sector Workers

Abstract Over the past several decades, private sector workers in the USA with employed-sponsored pensions have experienced a dramatic shift from defined benefit (DB) to defined contribution plans, while this trend has been less pronounced for public sector workers. In this paper, we use data from the Health and Retirement Study to explore changes in the retirement incentives and retirement behavior of public and private sector workers over the past quarter-century. We find that both groups have become less likely to report having a DB pension or any pension. Compared to their private sector counterparts, public sector workers have a higher level of retirement wealth and a larger financial gain from continued work at older ages, and these differences by sector are growing across cohorts. Both groups respond to financial incentives in making retirement decisions. However, growing differences by sector in the gain to continued work do not appear to have translated into diverging retirement behavior, as we observe similar trends in the two groups.

scholarly journals The Rise and Fall of Unions: The Public Sector and the Private

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin W Reder
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Before And After

This paper has a single purpose: to explain why unionism (interpreted as percentage of union adherents among eligible employees) has been declining in the private sector for the past 30 to 35 years, but, for most of this period, has been increasing in the public sector. To provide this explanation, I offer an ad hoc theory. For the private sector, the paper tries to account for differences in the trends of union adherence during five “epochs”: before 1917; 1917 to 1920; 1920 to 1933; 1933 to the early 1950s; and since the early 1950s. In the public sector, two epochs are distinguished: before and after 1960. Finally, I distinguish between the public and private sectors since 1960.

scholarly journals Whistleblowing in Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siavash Vatanchi
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Past ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
The U.S

Whistleblowing has only been utilized in the fight against corruption effectively the past couple of decades. Today, while many public sector employees enjoy sweeping legislative protections, a significant portion of the 12 million Canadians working in the private sector remain inadequately protected. This paper will explore the shortcomings associated with the present Canadian system and examine how our whistleblower protections can be strengthened by incorporating world leading measures from countries like the U.S., U.K., Japan, as well as others. A case for the enactment of uniform legislation aimed at protecting all whistleblowers in Canada will ultimately be made. Even though the beneficial consequences of such an act will be multifaceted and profound, chiefly because it will put an end to the unequal rights public and private sector workers are afforded, the scope of this essay will be largely limited to exploring how expanding whistleblowing protections will allow Canada to better fulfill its international anti-corruption obligations under the Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act.

Public and Private Sector Absence: Does it Differ?

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Vandenheuvel
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Dependent Care ◽  
The Past ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Care Study

Although common perceptions suggest that public sector employees are more prone to being absent from work, little empirical attention has been given to the issue. In this paper, sector differences in absence are examined using data from a large, recently collected national data set—the 1992 Australian Dependent Care Study. After controlling for various demographic, attitudinal and job-related variables, the results indicate that public sector employees are 1.6 times more likely than private sector employees to be absent from work at least once in the course of a year. Further, the findings show that a number of reasons that have been snggested in the past may not be important in explaining sector differences in absence. Instead, differences in absence behaviour are more likely related to sector variation in job security, competitive pressure and the absetice milieu.

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