scholarly journals The Cartagena (Biosafety) Protocol

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Kirsop
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Cartagena Protocol ◽  
International Distribution ◽  
Made In

Presents a study on the development and content of the Cartagena Protocol and the progress being made in its implementation, as of November 2001. Information on the Convention on Biological Diversity established in December 1993; Reasons behind the decision to develop a biosafety protocol; Terms of the protocol; Significance of the protocol to the international distribution of genetically modified organisms.

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and Shifts in the Discourse of Precaution

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Andrée
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Cartagena Protocol On Biosafety ◽  
Cartagena Protocol ◽  
Discursive Politics ◽  
Policy Fields ◽  
And Shifts

The precautionary principle is increasingly recognized as an important tool in multilateral environmental policy making, even as its practical implications remain the subject of intense debate. Drawing on Foucault's reading of discursive politics, this paper traces the emergence and effects of a specific framing of a precautionary response to new technologies found in the 2000 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity. This international treaty enables states to restrict imports of specific classes of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), even if the extent of the harm they may cause remains uncertain. This particular framing of precaution in an environmental treaty is novel for its application to technologies yet to be demonstrated as harmful, and can only be understood in the context of the contentiousness of controversies over GMOs, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), and hormone-injected beef in the 1990s. At the same time, what might be termed the “Cartagena discourse of precaution” has already had productive effects on a variety of other policy fields including the regulation of persistent organic pollutants and pesticides.

scholarly journals Ethical Objections to Commercial Farming and Consumption of Genetically Modified Foods in Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-76
Author(s):  
K Makokha ◽  
W Kyalo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Genetically Modified Foods ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Commercial Farming ◽  
Public Acceptability ◽  
Cartagena Protocol ◽  
The One

 Food insecurity remains one of the most pressing problems of Third World countries. The causes of this predicament are varied, ranging from drought, inadequate farming methods, poverty, among others. The responses to famine, whenever it strikes in many of these countries, have also been varied, with the most popular one being appeals for food aid from wealthy individuals, corporate bodies and the international community. However, these initiatives have not been sustainable. The need for a permanent solution has attracted varied opinions. On the one hand, some stakeholders take the view that the solution lies in genetically modified foods. On the other, some of the stakeholders are either opposed to such foods, or are cautious about them, citing potential and/or real risks associated with them. This article is premised on the view that technological innovations often raise ethical concerns and even dilemmas that ought to be surmounted in order to enhance public acceptability. In this regard, the article reflects on the ethical objections against GM technology in general, and, in particular, the process leading to the enactment of the biosafety law in Kenya. Key wordsGenetically modified organisms, biosafety law, UN convention on biological diversity, Cartagena protocol

scholarly journals Disharmonized the Regulation of Biological Resources and its Ecosystem in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 332-340
Author(s):  
Sumurung P. Simaremare ◽  
◽  
Muhammad Dzikirullah H. Noho ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
State Control ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Cartagena Protocol On Biosafety ◽  
Cartagena Protocol ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Definition Of

The goal of state control over natural resources is an anticipatory step to avoid the widest possible use by individuals or legal entities as a means of oppression and exploitation of others. However, in reality, many regulations overlap and are not in harmony with one another. The author of this study uses normative juridical research. The definition of normative juridical is a type of research that emphasizes more on library research, where the materials used will be obtained from laws, literature, mass media, which are related to writing materials. This study found that the arrangement of living natural resources in Indonesia that is less harmonious is: a. Law Number 21 of 2004 concerning Ratification of the Cartagena Protocol On Biosafety To The Convention On Biological Diversity and b. Constitutional Court Decision No.35/PUU-X/2012.

Governing New Biotechnologies for Biodiversity Conservation: Gene Drives, International Law, and Emerging Politics

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse L. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Gene Drive ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
Gene Drives

The outdoor use of organisms modified with gene drives—emerging biotechnologies of biased inheritance—could further human well-being and biodiversity conservation, yet also poses environmental risks and diverse social challenges. This article describes and analyzes the international law and politics of gene drives’ research, development, and possible use, with an emphasis on their potential biodiversity applications. The Convention on Biological Diversity is central, and its institutions and others have taken actions toward governing gene drive organisms. Gene drives’ governance and politics are contrasted with those of agricultural genetically modified organisms, with emphases on states, nonstate actors, the precautionary approach, and decision-making forums. Developing and implementing governance—especially in international forums—for gene drives may prove to be difficult. The observations and analysis here indicate that the politics of gene drive organisms is a manifestation of a larger struggle regarding emerging technologies among those concerned about sustainability.

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