scholarly journals COLONIZATION PREVALENCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF Streptococcus agalactiae IN PREGNANT WOMEN AT HUSM

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriane Regina Veit ◽  
Magda Cristina Souza Marques Roehrs ◽  
Leticia Eichstaedt Mayer ◽  
Silvana Oliveira Santos ◽  
Rosieli Martini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Maternal Fetal Transmission ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic ◽  
Santa Maria

ABSTRACTThe Streptococcus agalactiae colonization prevalence and its susceptibility to antimicrobials in pregnant women at University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM) were evaluated from June to December 2009. The vaginal-rectal material was inoculated into tubes containing Todd-Hewitt broth with subsequent subculture on blood agar.  The GBS identification was made through presumptive tests, confirmed by serological test and its susceptibility was evaluated. The occurrence of GBS maternal-fetal transmission in the colonized pregnant women was researched. The GBS colonization was 11.11%._All strains were susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, and vancomycin. Two strains (50%) were intermediate to clindamycin and one (25%) intermediate to erythromycin._A newborn whose mother was colonized had early-onset neonatal infection by GBS. By this, it is very important the research about the colonization by GBS in all pregnant women from 35 to 37 weeks of gestation and the use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for colonized pregnant women.Descriptors: Streptococcus agalactiae; Prevalence; Pregnant women; Newborns; Microbial Sensitivity Tests.  RESUMOAvaliou-se a prevalência de colonização pelo Streptococcus agalactiae e o seu perfil de sensibilidade frente aos antimicrobianos em gestantes no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM), de junho a dezembro de 2009. O material vaginal-retal foi inoculado em tubos contendo caldo Todd-Hewitt com posterior subcultura em ágar sangue. A identificação do EGB foi realizada através de testes presuntivos, confirmadas por teste sorológico e avaliado seu perfil de sensibilidade. Pesquisou-se ocorrência de transmissão materno-fetal do EGB nas gestantes colonizadas. A prevalência de colonização foi de 11,11%. Todas as cepas foram sensíveis à penicilina, ampicilina e vancomicina. Duas cepas (50%) foram intermediárias à clindamicina e uma (25%) intermediária à eritromicina. Um recém-nascido de mãe colonizada teve infecção neonatal de início precoce por EGB. Confirma-se a importância da pesquisa de colonização por EGB em todas as gestantes entre 35ª e 37ª semana de gestação e uso de quimioprofilaxia intraparto nas gestantes colonizadas.Descritores: Streptococcus agalactiae; Prevalência; Gestantes; Recém-nascido; Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana.

Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty Le Doare ◽  
Christine E. Jones ◽  
Paul T. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic ◽  
Group B

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of early neonatal infection and neonatal mortality, with long-term adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in up to 50% of survivors of GBS meningitis. GBS has a likely underappreciated role in causing preterm birth and stillbirth. GBS colonizes the vagina and gastrointestinal tract of the pregnant woman, and transmission to the infant occurs during or just before delivery. Although the majority of these infants do not develop invasive disease, maternal colonization is a prerequisite for early onset disease (0–6 days of life, most commonly associated with sepsis and respiratory distress) and a significant risk factor for late onset disease (7–89 days of life, most commonly associated with sepsis and meningitis). The introduction of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis has resulted in significant declines in the incidence of early onset disease but provides no protection against late onset disease.

scholarly journals Need for Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Women with Prior History of Group B Streptococcus Carriage

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Benzyl Penicillin ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic

The incidence of early onset neonatal GBS(EOGBS) disease in the UK and Ireland is 0.57/1000 births. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) reduces the risk. Previous colonisation is associated with 50% carriage in the current pregnancy. In these women, RCOG recommends IAP with a history of neonatal infection, otherwise offering the option of screening at 35-37 weeks. In Ireland, there is no national consensus on IAP in prior GBS colonisation. Currently at University Hospital Waterford (UHW), all women with prior GBS colonisation receive IAP. Studies examining the use of point-of-care testing have shown reduction in the use of IAP and EOGBS rates. We aimed to examine the screening and IAP administration in maternal prior GBS colonisation and the incidence of GBS in this cohort in UHW. Data was collected retrospectively from laboratory, medical records and electronic patient manager systems. Women who received IAP between 1stJuly 2020 and 31stDecember 2020 were identified. Women who received IAP for current and prior GBS colonisation were included. Women who received IAP for preterm labour, preterm prelabour rupture of membranes and pyrexia in labour were excluded. Ninety-two women with current or prior GBS colonisation received IAP, of which only 15(16.30%) were current and 77(83.69%) were prior GBS colonisation. In women with prior GBS colonisation, 49(63.63%) were screened, 3/49(6.12%) were positive, 28 were not screened. Seventy-eight (84.78%) received benzyl-penicillin. Six (6.52%) received clindamycin. Twenty-two (23.91%) babies were admitted to the Neonatal Unit, however, only one cultured positive for gram-positive cocci. The incidence of EOGBS in this cohort is low. A risk-based approach or point-of-care testing should be considered to reduce unnecessary IAP administration.

scholarly journals The serotype distribution of Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) carriage isolates among pregnant women having risk factors for early-onset GBS disease: a comparative study with GBS causing invasive infections during the same period in Denmark

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Christian Slotved ◽  
Jens Kjølseth Møller ◽  
Mohammad Rohi Khalil ◽  
Stine Yde Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Maternity Ward ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Dominant Serotype

Abstract Background We describe the serotype distribution of Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) carriage isolates from women in labor and among GBS isolates causing invasive infections during the same period to see if the distribution of carriage serotypes reflects the GBS serotypes causing invasive diseases including early-onset disease (EOGBS). Methods Data on invasive isolates from 2019 including serotype, erythromycin and clindamycin susceptibility was retrieved from the Danish national reference laboratory, Statens Serum Institut. Carriage isolates were collected from women with risk factors for EOGBS enrolled at delivery at the maternity ward at a Danish University Hospital, first half of 2019. Results Among carriage isolates, the dominant serotype was IX (21 %) followed by serotype III (19 %). The resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was 21 and 26 %, respectively. Among invasive GBS isolates, no case of EOGBS with serotype IX was detected but the distribution of serotypes were otherwise similar to the GBS carrier strains. The corresponding resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was 23  and 15 %, respectively. Penicillin resistance was not detected among carriage nor invasive isolates. Conclusions The distribution of serotypes among carriage and invasive GBS reflects the assumption that EOGBS occur following transmission of GBS from mother to newborn, with the exception of serotype IX.

scholarly journals Rectal and Vaginal Eradication of Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) in Pregnant Women by Using Lactobacillus salivarius CECT 9145, A Target-specific Probiotic Strain

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Martín ◽  
Nivia Cárdenas ◽  
Sara Ocaña ◽  
María Marín ◽  
Rebeca Arroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Lactobacillus Salivarius ◽  
In Vitro Characterization ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic ◽  
Group B

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococci, GBS) can cause severe neonatal sepsis. The recto-vaginal GBS screening of pregnant women and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) to positive ones is one of the main preventive options. However, such a strategy has some limitations and there is a need for alternative approaches. Initially, the vaginal microbiota of 30 non-pregnant and 24 pregnant women, including the assessment of GBS colonization, was studied. Among the Lactobacillus isolates, 10 Lactobacillus salivarius strains were selected for further characterization. In vitro characterization revealed that L. salivarius CECT 9145 was the best candidate for GBS eradication. Its efficacy to eradicate GBS from the intestinal and vaginal tracts of pregnant women was evaluated in a pilot trial involving 57 healthy pregnant women. All the volunteers in the probiotic group (n = 25) were GBS-positive and consumed ~9 log10 cfu of L. salivarius CECT 9145 daily from week 26 to week 38. At the end of the trial (week 38), 72% and 68% of the women in this group were GBS-negative in the rectal and vaginal samples, respectively. L. salivarius CECT 9145 seems to be an efficient method to reduce the number of GBS-positive women during pregnancy, decreasing the number of women receiving IAP during delivery.

Prevention of neonatal infection caused by group B streptococci

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
A.P. Nikonov ◽  
◽  
N.S. Naumenko ◽  
O.R. Astsaturova ◽  
A.V. Belova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
Bacteriological Examination ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic ◽  
Group B

Objective. To evaluate the prevalence of vaginal carriage of Streptococcus agalactiae among pregnant women at 35–37 weeks of gestation and assess the efficacy of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) for group B streptococcus (GBS) infection in newborns. Patients and methods. We examined 800 pregnant women at 35–37 weeks of gestation (bacteriological examination of vaginal microbiota with biomaterial collected from the posterior vaginal fornix). Identified carriers of S. agalactiae who had vaginal delivery (n = 50) received antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infection in newborns. We also evaluated the frequency of vertical transmission of streptococci in all infants during the first hour of life (bacteriological examination of pharyngeal swabs and meconium). Identification of microorganisms was performed by direct protein profiling using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (FLEX series, Bruker Daltonic GmbH, Germany). Results. Maternal vaginal colonization with S. agalactiae in the third trimester was observed in 13.5% of patients tested (n = 108). Fifty women had vaginal delivery and received antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infection in newborns. Postpartum samples of only 1 newborn gave scanty growth of S. agalactiae at bacteriological examination (1 × 101 CFU/mL in meconium and 1 × 103 CFU/mL in the pharyngeal sample), while the remaining 49 newborns had sterile samples. Thus, the frequency of S. agalactiae vertical transmission with intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis was 2% (n = 1). Of note, infection in the newborn caused no inflammation. Conclusion. Relatively low prevalence of vaginal carriage of S. agalactiae among pregnant women gives no sufficient grounds for the inclusion of such bacteriological examination into compulsory screening for infections in pregnant women in the Russian Federation. However, intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis is an effective method to prevent streptococcal infection in newborns; it should be used in women at risk of GBS infections. Kew words: vaginal carriage of bacteria, intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, neonatal sepsis, Streptococcus agalactiae, intrauterine infection, screening for infections

scholarly journals Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women seen at the University Hospital of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Ana Elisa Belotto Morguette ◽  
Renata Perugini Biasi-Garbin ◽  
Eliane Saori Otaguiri ◽  
Marcia Regina Eches Perugini ◽  
Marsileni Pelisson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
The University

Um estudo retrospectivo foi realizado com gestantes atendidas no Hospital Universitário de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil para determinar a prevalência de colonização vaginal-retal por Estreptococos do Grupo B (EGB) e o perfil de sensibilidade de EGB aos antimicrobianos utilizados para a antibioticoterapia profilática intraparto. Swabs vaginais-retais foram coletados de 2.901 mulheres entre a 35ª e 37ª semana de gestação. Destes, 528 (18,2%) apresentaram cultura positiva para EGB, e 0,4%, 10,2% e 10% dos isolados foram resistentes à penicilina, eritromicina e clindamicina, respectivamente. Estes resultados destacam a importância de vigilância contínua da colonização por EGB em gestantes para a prevenção de infecções em neonatos por EGB.

scholarly journals Chorioamnionitis at the Befelatanana university hospital centre of obstetric gynecology in Antananarivo Madagascar: epidemiology, taken care and forecast

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2778
Author(s):  
Rakotonirina Martial ◽  
Rainibarijaona L. N. A. ◽  
Rakotozanany Besaina ◽  
Randriamahavonjy Romuald ◽  
Tsifiregna R. L. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Caesarian Section ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Complications ◽  
Taking Care

Background: The chorioamnionitis corresponds to an infection of the ovular cavity. She puts game neonatal and maternal forecast. This study had as objectives to describe the epidemiological aspects, the taking care and the forecast of the chorioamnionitis to the gynecology teaching hospital and obstetrics Befelatanana, Madagascar.Methods: It is about a descriptive, retrospective and transverse study, during a period of 6 months going from January, 2016 till July 2016. The pregnant women introducing a premature break of membranes (RPM) complicated with chorioamnionitis hospitalized in CHU-GOB during this period had been included.Results: Authors found 35 cases of chorioamnionitis, that is 38.1% premature breaks of membranes. The medium age of the patients was 20±5, 16 years old (extreme from 17 to 36 years). Primiparous was found in 82.9%. The chorioamnionitis had happened in 68.5% cases after 37 weeks of amenorrhea. The delay between RPM and happened of chorioamnionitis was of 6 hours. The picture of chorioamnionitis was complete in 54.3%. Delivery was by low way in 33.3%. Authors had found 88.60% case of endometritis, 8.6% case of parietal suppuration post caesarian section but without any maternal decease. Neonatal complications were marked by a score of Apgar <7 - five minutes in 74.3%, neonatal infection in 25.7% and precocious neonatal decease in 11.4%.Conclusions: The chorioamniotite concerned primiparous especially young urgent. The application of the protocol of taking care of the premature break of membranes is necessary for the reduction of the happening of the chorioamniotitis.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility and serotype distribution of Streptococcus agalactiae recto-vaginal colonizing isolates from pregnant women at a tertiary hospital in Pretoria, South Africa: an observational descriptive study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Said ◽  
Yusuf Dangor ◽  
Nontombi Mbelle ◽  
Shabir A. Madhi ◽  
Gaurav Kwatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Intermediate Resistance ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic

AbstractIntroductionStreptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a significant cause of neonatal sepsis. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for pregnant women identified to be recto-vaginally colonised between 34-37 weeks gestational age to decrease the risk of invasive disease in their newborns. The aim of this study was to investigate serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of GBS isolates cultured from recto-vaginal specimens during pregnancy.MethodsSixty-nine archived maternal colonizing isolates were tested against penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, vancomycin and levofloxacin. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) testing was performed using the E-test method. Serotyping was performed by latex agglutination method.ResultsThe most common serotypes detected were Ia (54%), III (20%), V (16%), II (6%), IV (2%) and Ib (1%), respectively. All isolates were fully susceptible to penicillin, vancomycin and levofloxacin. Eight (11%) and 50 (56%) isolates showed intermediate resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin respectively, and one isolate was resistant to erythromycin. MLSB phenomenon was noted in 3 (4%) of the isolates.ConclusionGBS colonizing isolates remain susceptible to penicillin and remains the drug of choice for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis and treatment of invasive disease in newbrons. Macrolides should only be used if clinically indicated due to the high prevalence of intermediate resistance. A hexavalent GBS vaccine currently under development would provide coverage for 100% of the isolates identified in this study.

scholarly journals First case of pregnant women bacteraemia and probable early-onset neonatal infection due to Aerococcus urinae

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Jost ◽  
Bénedicte Breton ◽  
Valérie Biran ◽  
Suonavy Khung ◽  
Sarah Chekroune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
First Case ◽  
Aerococcus Urinae

Suscetibilidade antimicrobiana de Streptococcus agalactiae isolados de gestantes em um hospital materno infantil de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 30246
Author(s):  
Fernanda Rieth Battistin ◽  
Mariana Preussler Mott ◽  
Cícero Armídio Gomes Dias ◽  
Vinicius Pietta Perez
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic ◽  
Child Hospital

AIMS: To characterize the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women attended at a public hospital.METHODS: The study was carried out in a public maternal and child hospital in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, in which the screening for S. agalactiae in pregnant women is part of the obstetrics routine. The study was carried out on anal/vaginal swab tests performed from July 2015 to February 2016. Bacterial isolates were identified by phenotypic tests, and the susceptibility to ampicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin and ofloxacin was determined. The erythromycin resistance genes ermB and mefA were also investigated.RESULTS: A total of 294 samples were included, and of these, 26 (8%) were positive for S. agalactiae. All isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, and resistance to erythromycin (21.4%), clindamycin (14.3%) and ofloxacin (7.1%) were observed. The mefA genotype was observed in 66% of the erythromycin resistant isolates.CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study corroborate the consensus that in pregnant women colonized with S. agalactiae, intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis with penicillin G or ampicillin is indicated. The relevant proportion of isolates resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, indicated for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis in case of allergy to beta-lactam antibiotics, emphasizes the importance of determining the profile of antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates, a measure that is not yet part of routine prenatal tests in many institutions.

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