scholarly journals Análise física da água de entrada no sistema agroindustrial de curtume em Maringá-Paraná

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Marcelo Estevam ◽  
Adriano Willian da Silva ◽  
Frederico Fonseca da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Apparent Color ◽  
The City ◽  
Cutting System

Assessment of water quality is extreme importance for the health of animals, especially humans. The physical paraments (electrical conductivity, pH, turbidity, apparent color, taste, smell, total solids, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids), in water indicate the quality, including that used for human consumption. Therefore, a water inspection at the entrance and exit of an agroindustrial cutting system in the city of Maringa (Brazil), between the years 2014 and 2017, is important for a relaxation of water standards. The results were published and published based on the environmental legislation showed that the quality of the water used in the agroindustry, regarding the physical parameters, respects as current environmental regulations, not causing damage to the environment and demonstrating that the process used in the agroindustrial system is efficient from an environmental standpoint.

scholarly journals Statistical Study on Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater in and around Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 909-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Karunakaran ◽  
P. Thamilarasu ◽  
R. Sharmila
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
The Town

Groundwater samples collected at different locations in and around Namakkal were analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. Ten locations of groundwater samples were collected and studied for every two month for the period June-2007 to December-2007. The present investigation is focused on the determination of physicochemical parameters such as temperature, taste, turbidity, electrical conductivity, pH, hardness, total solids, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, chlorides, sulphate, nitrate, fluorides, dissolved oxygen, sodium, potassium andE.colibacterium. Groundwater suitability for domestic and irrigation purposes was examined by using WHO and BIS standards, which indicate the groundwater in a few areas, were not much suitable for domestic and agriculture purposes. Thus the objective of this study is to identify the quality of groundwater especially in the town and near by town where groundwater is used for domestic and agriculture purposes is discussed.

scholarly journals Analysis and risk assessment of arsenic in the water sources of the cities Cuenca and Azogues, Ecuador

MASKANA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Guillermina Pauta-Calle ◽  
María Velasco ◽  
Gabriela Vázquez ◽  
Andrea Abril ◽  
Santiago Torres
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Toxic Element ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The City

Arsenic (As) is a toxic element present in the environment posing a threat to consumers health. To identify the arsenic content in rivers, páramos, and wells in the city of Cuenca, and in rivers in the city of Azogues, two monitoring campaigns in the period August-November 2017 were conducted, respectively during a low and high flow hydrological period. The measurements encompassed physicochemical quality indicators such as pH, color, turbidity, and conductivity. Results show that the páramos and wells are free of As, while this toxic substance is present in surface water with higher levels in periods of high flow. A significant association between the concentration of As and the pH of river water was found. The risk of chronic toxicity from consumption is almost non-existent because the observed As levels exceed only exceptionally the permissible limit established by the Ecuadorian TULSMA (Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation) regulation. The presence of As in surface water is the result of anthropological activities such as the use of pesticides. A permanent monitoring of the quality of water resources for human consumption is necessary, particularly in the rainy season, due to the diffuse and difficult to control pollution processes.

Potential Activated Carbon of Theobroma cacao L. Shell for Pool Water Purification in Politeknik Negeri Padang

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Yuli Yetri
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Pool Water ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Research has been carried out to improve the quality of the yellow pool water. The water is used as a source of clean water for the academics of the Politeknik Negeri Padang, so it needs to be improved in accordance with the quality standards of clean water, and is suitable for daily use. The adsorption process was carried out using activated carbon of Theobroma cacao L. shells which was carbonated at 400oC for 1 hour and activated with H3PO4. Characterization of functional groups using Frontier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), and morphology of surface  using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The quality of clean water standard analyzed is turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), color, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and Fe content. Functional group analysis exhibits that the activated carbon produced has a pattern of absorption with O-H, C-H, and C-O bond types. At the optimum condition of the activation process, a good adsorbent is absorbed in pool water purification at a flow rate of 5 mL/min with a mass of 2 grams. The analysis showed an efficiency decrease in turbidity value of 67%, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 71%, Color 97%, Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 86%, and Fe content 38%. Surface morphology of activated carbon showed the presence of pore cavities, and after the filtration process the cavities became saturated. This shows that there has been an absorption by activated carbon, so that the water becomes clear. Activated carbon of Theobroma cacao L.shell is very effective in the process of purifying pool water into clean water and fulfilling clean water standards, so it is suitable for  are used.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN A CLOSED INDUSTRIAL LANDFILL

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ISSAKA SENOU ◽  
BÂRSAN NARCIS ◽  
NEDEFF VALENTIN ◽  
ANTOINE SOME N. ◽  
BISMARCK NACRO H.
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Groundwater Mineralization

The study parameters: pH, conductivity, salinity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Turbidity, Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of groundwater in a closed industrial landfill, subject to the waste discharges of city of Bacau (East Romania), shows that the water quality of the different sampling points is variable. This difference is noted at the level of conductivity, TDS, turbidity, TSS and COD. These differences, however parameters are substantially higher compared the value of the legislation in groundwater Romania. Salinity remains relatively high at the point of sample P1 (0.7). The pH values are comprising in the range of reference values (6.5 to 7.4). The results also showed very strong correlations (r> 0.8) between Conductivity-Salinity, Conductivity -TDS, Salinity, TDS, Turbidity.-TSS, COD and TSS-Turbidity-COD. The strong correlation (0.5 <r> 0.8) were noted between Turbidity- Conductivity, Turbidity-Salinity, Turbidity, TDS, TSS conductivity, TSS-Salinity, TSS, TDS, COD, conductivity, salinity, COD, COD-TDS. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) also highlighted groundwater mineralization events of this landfill and possible pollution by organic matter

scholarly journals Physical and chemical characteristics of water from Okamini Stream, Obio/Akpor, Rivers State, Niger Delta, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Edori OS ◽  
Aniekan M Udongwo
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Range Of Values

Water samples were collected from Okamini stream and analyzed for some physicochemical parameters. The values showed that electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, chlorides, sulphates, nitrates and phosphates were within the range of values acceptable for domestic water use by WHO. Others such as turbidity, pH and salinity were not within acceptable range in water for human consumption. Although, the water from the stream at the time of evaluation may not be at an alarming situation, but calls for adequate surveillance and protection to avert possible decay that looks eminent.

scholarly journals Microbiological and Physiochemical Quality of Freshwater in Isiokpo Community, Rivers State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ewulonu, Chigozie Chioma ◽  
Obire, Omokaro ◽  
Akani, Nedie Patience
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Fecal Matter ◽  
Rivers State

Aim: To determine microbiological quality of fresh water in Isiokpo community. Study Design: This study employs standard scientific methods, statistical analysis and interpretation. Place and duration of the Study: Fresh water samples were collected from Isiokpo community in Ikwerre L.G.A. of Rivers State, Nigeria. Sampling was done every two weeks from three stations of Isiokpo river for duration of six months (February–July, 2018). Samples were transported in ice packed coolers to the Microbiology Laboratory of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, and immediately processed for analysis.  Methodology: Ten- fold serial dilution technique was adopted after which 0.1 ml of appropriately diluted stock was inoculated onto sterile Microbiological media. Spread plate technique was employed for the isolation, enumeration and identification of microorganisms. The APHA standards were adopted in the determination of physico-chemical parameters which include turbidity, colour, odour, pH, conductivity, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, nitrate, sulphate, calcium and BOD5. The  Duncan  multiple range test  was  employed  for analysis  of  variance  (ANOVA) of  the  data  obtained. Results: The mean counts for Total heterotrophic bacterial counts ranged from 4.77±0.20 log10 CFU/ml to 4.92±0.11 log10 CFU/ml. Total coliform  bacteria  ranged  from  4.28±0.25 to 4.60±0.25log10 CFU/ml. Total Vibrio counts  ranged from 1.77±1.97 log10 CFU/ml to 4.25±0.09 log10 CFU/ml. Total Pseudomonas  counts ranged  from  2.48±1.93 log10 CFU/ml  to 4.0217±0.34 log10 CFU/ml. Total  heterotrophic fungal counts ranged from  2.31±1.81 log10 CFU/ml  to 4.21± 0.22 log10 CFU/ml in all the stations. The microorganisms isolated belong to the genera of Bacillus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Shigella, Vibrio, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor and Rhizopus. The pH values ranged from 5.60 to 6.80, Conductivity 35 to 40 µs/cm, Total suspended solids (TSS) 48 mg/L to 54.00 mg/L, Total Dissolved Solids 5.20 to 6.50 mg/L, Nitrate 1.00 to 1.45 mg/L, Sulphate 1.00 to 1.30 mg/L, Calcium 6.00 to 9.20 mg/L and BOD 5.30 to               6.20 mg/L in all the stations. Conclusion: The presence of E. coli which is an indicator of fecal contamination is enough to suspect that the water body is contaminated with fecal matter and pathogenic bacteria. The water should therefore not be put to human use without proper treatment because the water is of low quality and constitute a danger to public health.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN A CLOSED INDUSTRIAL LANDFILL

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
SENOU ISSAKA ◽  
NARCIS BÂRSAN ◽  
VALENTIN NEDEFF ◽  
SOME N. ANTOINE ◽  
NACRO H. BISMARCK
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Groundwater Mineralization

The study parameters: pH, conductivity, salinity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Turbidity, Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of groundwater in a closed industrial landfill, subject to the waste discharges of city of Bacau (East Romania), shows that the water quality of the different sampling points is variable. This difference is noted at the level of conductivity, TDS, turbidity, TSS and COD. These differences, however parameters are substantially higher compared the value of the legislation in groundwater Romania. Salinity remains relatively high at the point of sample P1 (0.7). The pH values are comprising in the range of reference values (6.5 to 7.4). The results also showed very strong correlations (r> 0.8) between Conductivity-Salinity, Conductivity -TDS, Salinity, TDS, Turbidity.-TSS, COD and TSS-Turbidity-COD. The strong correlation (0.5 0.8) were noted between Turbidity- Conductivity, Turbidity-Salinity, Turbidity, TDS, TSS conductivity, TSS-Salinity, TSS, TDS, COD, conductivity, salinity, COD, COD-TDS. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) also highlighted groundwater mineralization events of this landfill and possible pollution by organic matter.

scholarly journals Changes in Water Quality of the River das Antas as It Passes through Rural and Urban Areas

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Valdemir Antoneli ◽  
Manuel Pulido-Fernández ◽  
João Anésio Bednarz ◽  
Leonardo Brandes ◽  
Michael Vrahnakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
The City

The catchment area of River das Antas (Irati, Paraná, Brazil) is of high importance both for human consumption and irrigation. Within Irati, this river passes through a rural area and through the city of Irati, crossing both poor and rich neighbourhoods. We selected three study areas downstream (a rural area, poor community, and rich neighbourhood) in which we measured turbidity, the concentration of sediments and pH during rainy days. Our results showed downstream trends of increasing turbidity and concentrations of sediments with decreasing pH. The values of turbidity and of concentration of sediments were significantly different in the rural area, while the pH values were significantly different between the three study areas. These findings highlight the effect of agricultural activities in the generation of sediments and turbidity. The—presumably expected—effects of organic urban waste from the poor neighbourhood were also detected in the pH values. We conclude that efforts should be made to ensure that land planning and training/education programmes on sustainable farming practices are undertaken by the authorities to reduce water pollution and its effects on water bodies during rainfall events, since paving streets is not a feasible option in the short term due to the high costs associated with this measure.

scholarly journals DECOLOURIZATION OF TRIPHENYLMETHANE DYES AND DYE INDUSTRY EFFLUENT BY STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM DYE CONTAMINATED SITE

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sandhiya ◽  
K. Sumaiya Begum ◽  
D. Charumathi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Dye Decolorization ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dyeing Wastewater ◽  
Triphenylmethane Dyes ◽  
Dissolved Solids

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objectives of the present study were a) to isolate and screen bacteria for dye removal from synthetic solution b) to optimize various variables such as pH, static/shaking and initial dye concentration on degradation of triphenyl methane dyes namely basic violet 3 and basic green 4 by isolated <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> c) to analyse enzymes involved in the biodegradation of triphenylmethane dyes d) to treat real leather dyeing wastewater with newly isolated strain of <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>e) to characterize untreated and treated leather dyeing wastewater f) to study the effects of real and treated effluent on plants and <em>Rhizobium</em>.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isolation of bacteria from sludge was carried out by spread plate method and the bacteria was identified by morphological and biochemical characterization. The isolated bacterium was screened for dye decolorization potential of triphenylmethane dyes basic violet 3 and basic green 4 The effects of parameters were studied by varying pH (from 3 to 9), temperature (from 15-45 °C), and initial dye concentration (from 10-500 mg/l). The enzyme involved in biodegradation was studied in intracellular extract. Real leather dyeing wastewater was treated with the bacteria and characterized. The treated wastewater was tested on plants and <em>Rhizobium </em>for toxicity. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dye decolorization potential of bacteria <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> isolated from wastewater for leather dyes basic violet 3 and basic green 4 were evaluated. Dye decolorization using bacteria was found to be dependent on physicochemical parameters (shaking, pH and initial dye concentration). Enzymes NADH-DCIP reductase and MG reductase were found to play dominant role during biodegradation of synthetic dyes. Application oriented studies using growing bacteria in pure cultures were carried out with leather dyeing wastewater collected from DKS prime tanners. Analysis of raw leather dyeing wastewater showed high pollution load in terms of color, Total solids, Total suspended solids, Total dissolved solids and Biological oxygen demand whereas the leather dyeing wastewater treated with pure culture of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> showed considerable decrease in Total solids, Total suspended solids, Total dissolved solids and Biological oxygen demand values which were within the permissible limits. Phytotoxicity and microbial toxicity studies confirmed the non-toxic nature of treated leather dyeing wastewater. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study proved that <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> can serve as a potential remediation agent for the treatment of leather dyeing wastewater.</p>

scholarly journals Shewhart's control charts and process capability ratio applied to a sewage treatment station

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 770-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Orssatto ◽  
Marcio A. Vilas Boas ◽  
Ricardo Nagamine ◽  
Miguel A. Uribe-Opazo
Keyword(s):  
Control Charts ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Process Capability ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Shewhart Control Charts ◽  
Shewhart Control

The current study used statistical methods of quality control to evaluate the performance of a sewage treatment station. The concerned station is located in Cascavel city, Paraná State. The evaluated parameters were hydrogenionic potential, settleable solids, total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand in five days. Statistical analysis was performed through Shewhart control charts and process capability ratio. According to Shewhart charts, only the BOD(5.20) variable was under statistical control. Through capability ratios, we observed that except for pH the sewage treatment station is not capable to produce effluents under characteristics that fulfill specifications or standard launching required by environmental legislation.

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