scholarly journals Relationship between somatic cell count and catalase activity in raw milk of Anatolian buffaloes

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (19) ◽  
pp. 4109-4112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atasever Savas ◽  
Erdem Huseyin ◽  
Kul Ertugrul
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Raw Milk

scholarly journals Bulk tank somatic cell count and associated microbial quality of milk from selected dairy cattle herds in Oyo State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi Olatoye ◽  
Adesola Amosun ◽  
Uzo Ogbu ◽  
Yemi Okunlade
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test

Improvement of traditional and nomadic milk production through dairy development program in Nigeria requires routine quality and safety monitoring of milk both at herd level and milk collection centers. A total of 411 bulk raw milk samples aseptically obtained from Ibarapa, Oyo and Oke-Ogun industrial milk collection centers were subjected to California Mastitis Test (CMT), Bulk Somatic Cell Count (BSCC) and bacteriological analysis for assessment of quality and safety of milk from the herds. One hundred and seven (26.0%) of the samples were CMT positive, while 74.0% were negative to CMT. The overall mean BSCC, TAC and TCC were 1.27×103 ± cells/mL, 1.12×103± 34 cfu/mL, 97.8±9.8 cfu/mL in the CMT negative milk samples while for the strong positive samples the mean BSCC, TAC and TCC were 4.33×106 ± cells/mL, 2.35×106 ± 453 cfu/mL, 189.3±41.1 cfu/mL respectively; these were higher than the Pasteurized Milk Ordinance acceptable limits. Positive correlation was found between CMT scores and bacterial contamination and between CMT scores and SCC was recorded. About 26.0% of the samples with positive CMT could be considered unsafe due to strong correlation with microbial contamination that could result in milk borne zoonoses and public health hazards. However, a greater proportion (76.9%) of the milk with negative CMT scores could be safe for human consumption after post-harvest pasteurization. Consequently, there is need to improve handling, environmental and milking hygiene; as well as proper herd and udder health management to improve quality and safety of Nigeria dairy products.

scholarly journals Effect of somatic cell count on dairy products: a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukta Talukder ◽  
HM Manir Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Endogenous Enzymes ◽  
Fluid Milk

Somatic cells are the most essential factors naturally present in milk, and somatic cell count (SCC) is used as an indicator of monitoring mastitis incidence in the herd and also to assess the quality of milk. In addition, SCC is frequently used to determine quality payments to dairy producers. The SCC is directly related to get maximum milk production from individual cow and a lower SCC indicates better animal health, as somatic cells originate only from inside the animal's udder. SCC monitoring is important because as the number of somatic cells increases, milk yield is likely to fall, primarily due to the damage to milk-producing tissue in the udder caused by mastitis pathogens and the toxins they produce, particularly when epithelial cells are lost. Keeping low SSC will allow good quality more raw milk and provide a better product to milk processors whether used as fluid milk or converted to milk based products. Somatic cells containing lipolytic and proteolytic enzymes lead to degrade major nutrients fats and proteins, respectively. Elevated SCC is related to udder inflammation, which leads to alter the normal microbial count and physicochemical parameters of milk, as well as the quality of heat treated fluid milk and milk based product. The objective of this review is to discuss on the SSC and endogenous enzymes released from somatic cells in raw milk as well as effect of somatic cells count and their endogenous enzymes in processed milk and milk based products.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 1-9

scholarly journals Evolution and factors influencing somatic cell count in raw milk from farms in Viçosa, state of Minas Gerais

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cotta Quintão ◽  
Adriano França da Cunha ◽  
Lindomar José Bragança ◽  
Kamila Soares Coelho ◽  
Mariana Fonseca Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The somatic cell count (SCC) of refrigerated raw milk reflects the occurrence of mastitis in the herd and the management of rural property. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the SCC of the refrigerated raw milk and its determinant factors in dairy properties of Viçosa, State of Minas Gerais. Monthly, milk samples were taken from 44 cooling tanks during 2012. A structured questionnaire was applied to evaluate the production and management characteristics of the herds. There was a significant variation (p < 0.05) in the mean SCC of the milk, which was lower from June to August. Higher mean SCC and percentages of samples above the limit set by the legislation were observed in months of higher rainfall and ambient temperature (p < 0.05). Mechanical milking, lower milk yield, productivity, inadequate milking procedures, equipment hygiene, and water quality were all factors that influenced (p < 0.05) the SCC of raw refrigerated milk. Milker training is required for production of low SCC milk. 

Effect of somatic cell count and polymorphonuclear leucocyte content of milk on composition and proteolysis during ripening of Swiss-type cheese

2000 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIOBHÁN COONEY ◽  
DENISE TIERNAN ◽  
PATRICK JOYCE ◽  
ALAN L. KELLY
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cathepsin D ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Acid Proteinase ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes ◽  
Texture Characteristic

During the manufacture of Swiss-type cheese varieties, such as Emmental, Gruyère and Comté, a high scald temperature is used, which inactivates the added coagulant, decreasing the primary proteolysis of αs1-casein during ripening and resulting in the development of the rubbery texture characteristic of this type of cheese (Kosikowski & Mistry, 1997). Swiss-type cheese may be made from raw, thermized or pasteurized milk, depending on the type of manufacture and the country (Beuvier et al. 1997).The suitability of milk for cheesemaking is often assessed from the somatic cell count (SCC) of the raw milk, with increased milk SCC being linked to impaired cheesemaking properties and cheese yield potential (Barbano et al. 1991; Auldist et al. 1996). Late lactation milk, which often has elevated SCC, also yields poor quality cheese (Lucey, 1996). High SCC milk has elevated levels of the milk alkaline proteinase plasmin (EC 3.4.21.7), but its activity is not generally considered to be detrimental during cheese ripening (Farkye & Fox, 1992; Bastian & Brown, 1996). Milk somatic cells are themselves also associated with a number of proteolytic enzymes of differing properties, the activities of which are ill-defined in dairy products (Verdi & Barbano, 1991), with the exception of the acid proteinase cathepsin D, which has a chymosin-like activity towards αs1-casein (McSweeney et al. 1995). Preliminary evidence of cathepsin D activity in Swiss cheese during ripening has been reported (Igoshi & Arima, 1993; Beuvier et al. 1997).In the present study the effect of milk SCC on the ripening of Swiss-type cheese was examined. Of particular interest was the role of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN), the predominant cell type in high SCC mastitic milk (Heegaard et al. 1994) and late lactation milk, when the frequency of milking varies (Kelly et al. 1998). PMN possess a range of proteolytic enzymes, including cathepsin D (Verdi & Barbano, 1991) and plasminogen activators (PA; Heegaard et al. 1994). The experimental strategy chosen was to examine the effects on the quality and proteolysis during ripening of Swiss-type cheeses of adding high SCC milk, whose cell population is mostly PMN, to creamery milk.

Electronic Somatic Cell Count—Chemical Method, DMSCC, and WMT Tests for Raw Milk

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 854-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. THOMPSON ◽  
V. S. PACKARD ◽  
R. E. GINN
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation

The Direct Miscroscopic Somatic Cell Count — field method (DMSCC), Wisconsin Mastitis Test (WMT), and Electronic Somatic Cell Count (ESCC) were studied to determine variability and relationship to each other. The coefficients of variation computed at a DMSCC count near one million were 15.6% (DMSCC), 6.3% (WMT), and 4.2% (ESCC). Linear regression equations were determined for predicting DMSCC results by WMT and ESCC. The approximate width of the 95% confidence intervals for ESCC predicting DMSCC were ± 275,000 and for WMT predicting DMSCC were ± 600,000. The prediction of square root and log transformations of DMSCC by WMT exhibited narrower confidence intervals for low somatic cell counts, but wider intervals for high counts (greater than 1,000,000).

scholarly journals Variability and correlation between basic quality parameters of raw cow milk

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 959-967
Author(s):  
N. Memisi ◽  
V. Bogdanovic ◽  
Z. Tomic ◽  
A. Kasalica ◽  
M. Zujovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Of Milk

In this paper the results of the analysis of the milk somatic cell count are presented, as well as correlation between the somatic cell count and content of certain chemical parameters in milk (milk proteins, fat, lactose and dry matter without fat) determined in collective samples of milk obtained from cows reared in intensive rearing system, during two production years. The research was carried out by control of collective milk samples from cows reared on family holdings. Somatic cell count, as well as the chemical quality of milk, were controlled daily in the laboratory for raw milk in dairy plant AD ?Mlekara? - Subotica using the apparatus CombiFoss 6200 FC. In this investigation, statistically significant correlation (P<0,001) between all observed milk parameters was determined. Positive, weak and statistically highly significant correlation between the content of milk fat and proteins in milk and somatic cell count was established. It was also established that the variability of chemical parameters of milk and somatic cell count is also under the influence of different factors, such as: month of control, year of the research and farm.

Comparison of the Automated with the Semi-Automatic Coulter Counter Method and the Direct Microscopic Somatic Cell Count (DMSCC) on Raw Milk Samples1

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. GINN ◽  
V. S. PACKARD ◽  
D. R. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counter ◽  
Electronic Cell Counter

The automatic Milk Cell Counter (MCC) and semi-automatic electronic cell counter (ESCC) of Coulter Electronics were compared with each other and with the direct microscopic cell count (DMSCC) on raw milk samples with various cell counts. The average DMSCC count on 241 samples of milk with Wisconsin Mastitis Test (WMT) results of 22 mm and higher was 55,000 cells/ml above the average MCC count when calibrated to a 4.4-μm minimum particle diameter. This difference is statistically significant at the 1% level. On 24 different raw milk samples of widely varying somatic cell count analyzed in replicate six times per sample, the standard deviations for replicate samples were 34,300, 34,900 and 136,000 for the MCC, ESCC and DMSCC, respectively. For these tests, the MCC had been calibrated to a 4.3-μm minimum particle diameter. The average difference between counts by the MCC and ESCC methods was only 6080/ml, but this was statistically significant at the 5% level. The average MCC count with the equipment set at 4.3-μm minimum particle diameter was 58,000 above the average DMSCC count.

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