Acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of leaves mixture of Aloe buettneri (Liliaceae), Dicliptera verticillata (Acanthaceae), Hibiscus macranthus (Malvaceae) and Justicia insularis (Acanthaceae) on Swiss mice and albinos Wistar female rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pone K.B
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Swiss Mice

scholarly journals Acute and subacute toxicity assessment of an aqueous extract of Crotalaria retusa (Fabaceae) in Swiss mice and Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Lane Adrien GOH BI ◽  
Noel Kouame TOTO ◽  
Ouga Stanislas ZAHOUI ◽  
Yomalan KASSI ◽  
Semi Anthelme NENE Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Male And Female Rats

The present study is a contribution to the enhancement of Ivorian traditional medicine, by carrying out bio-tolerance tests of an aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Crotalaria retusa (EACr) in mice and rats according to the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 423 and 407, respectively. The doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight (BW) of the extract were used for acute toxicity. For subacute toxicity which lasted 28 days, doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg BW have been used. The administration of the single doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg BW of EACr did not provoke death in female mice in the acute toxicity setting. For subacute toxicity in rats (male and female), the administration of repetitive doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg BW of EACr over a period of 28 days did not cause death in these animals. In females, these doses caused weight loss and a decrease in platelets. The extract reduced the activity of AST in both sexes of rats. The findings also showed that this extract would possess a nephroprotective property in male and female rats. Keywords: Crotalaria retusa, Acute and subacute toxicities, Wistar rat, Swiss mice

scholarly journals Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity Studies of the Aqueous Extract from the Stem Bark of Ricinodendron Rautanenii Schinz (Euphorbiaceae) in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (08) ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
Jacquy Joyce Wanche Kojom ◽  
Edwige Laure Nguemfo ◽  
Marie-Claire Tchamadeu ◽  
Calvin Bogning Zangueu ◽  
Edwige Laure Lappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Ricinodendron rautanenii is a plant, used in traditional medecine to treat fever, eczema, back pain, cancer and stomacal disorders. This work was carried out to evaluate the safety of the aqueous extract from the stem bark of Ricinodendron rautanenii by determining its potential toxicity after acute and subacute administration in Wistar rats. In Acute toxicity assay, the animals received the extract at the single dose of 5000 mg/Kg and were observed during 48h for mortality and any toxicity manifestations. General behavior, adverse effects and mortality were determined for up to 14 days post treatment. In subacute toxicity assay, extract was given orally to rats at doses of 6, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg/day for 28 days respectively. Animal body weight, water and food intake, biochemical and hematological parameters were determined. Liver and kidney were examined histologically for any signs of organ damage. No behavioral changes or mortality were recorded in the treated groups. No significant hematological changes were observed in the both sex. The biochemical analysis indicated a significant increase of high density lipoprotein levels in both male and female rats. Histopathological analysis of the liver and kidney did not show any observable cellular damages. The overall finding of this study suggest that, extract of Ricinodendron rautanenii did not cause any death up to a dose of 5000 mg/kg and can be considered non-toxic. Biochemical and histological studies of the extract did not revealed major signs in subacute toxicity.

scholarly journals Acute and Subacute Toxicity Evaluation of the Stem Bark Aqueous Extract of Harungana Madagascariensis in Rodents

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Ngo Lemba Tom ◽  
Nyemb Nyunaї ◽  
Kouem Gbaangne Djaouro ◽  
Fabrice Mba Medou ◽  
Florette Diane Nankia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Doses

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the safety of a stem bark aqueous extract of Harunganamadagascariensis Lam. (Hypericaceae) by determining its potential toxicity after acute and subacute administration in rodents. Acute toxicity tests were carried out in mice and the behavior, death and median lethal dose (LD50) were estimated. Subacute toxicity (28 days) studies were conducted in rats with oral daily doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg. Parameters observed at the end of the subacute tests included changes in body and vital organ weights, mortality, hematological, biochemical, hepatic and kidney effects. Harunganamadagascariensisextract did not produce any visible toxicity or mortality with oral doses up to 2000 mg/kg within 14 days of single treatment, leading to the conclusion that the LD50 is greater than 2000 mg/kg. In the subacute toxicity tests, neither mortality nor visible signs of lethality was seen in rats. No significant change in the weight of the kidney, liver, heart, lungs spleen, pancreas and testicles was observed. Alanine transaminase (ALT) increased significantly in males at 400 and 600 mg/kg, whereas Aspartate transaminase (AST) decreased at 600 mg/kg in female rats. HDL Cholesterol was reduced at 600 mg/kg in female rats. There was a significant increase in urea concentration in female rats at 400 mg/kg. A significant decrease, both in platelet volume distribution (PVD) at 400 mg/kg in male rats and in red cell volume distribution (RDW) at 200 mg/kg were recorded in female rats respectively, but with no changes in other hematologic parameters. Histological study shows normal structure of liver, kidneys and heart of control and treated rats. Results indicate that oral doses of aqueous stem bark of Harunganamadagascariensis are relatively safe in rats; however, assessment of hepatobiliary function should be done during chronic use in humans.

scholarly journals Toxicological evaluation of aqueous extract of the traditional Chinese formula Qing Hao Gan Cao

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongchun Li ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Shanshan Chen ◽  
Liutao Zhao ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Organ Weight ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Qing Hao

Abstract Qing Hao Gan Cao (QHGC), a Chinese medicinal formula containing Artemisia annua and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, has been used to treat sunstroke and as an antiviral agent for more than 800 years. It has not previously been subject to a toxicological safety evaluation in acute and subacute (28 days) studies. Therefore, the acute and subacute toxicity of an aqueous extract of QHGC were evaluated in vivo. For the QHGC preparation, the botanical raw materials were crushed into pieces and mixed in the ratio of 10:1 in distilled water for 12 h, then boiling three times for 2 h each time. The three decoctions were mixed and filtered, then spray-dried with hot air at 160°C for 30 min, and stored at room temperature. For the acute toxicity test, 72.0 g/kg of QHGC extract was administered by gavage to male and female mice. Body weight, general observations, and autopsy results were recorded. No mortality or toxicity signs were observed during the studies. For the subacute toxicity test, 4.0, 8.0, or 16.0 g/kg/day of QHGC extract was administered to rats for 28 days. General observations and mortality, body weight, biochemical and hematological parameters, organ weight, and pathological morphology were analyzed. The acute and subacute toxicity studies did not show significant changes in body weight, general observations, hematology and biochemical parameters, organ weight, and liver, spleen, stomach, duodenum, testis, ovary, lung, heart, and kidney histopathological analyses. The consumption of QHGC aqueous extract can be considered safe within the conditions of this study.

Effects of the aqueous extract of Dicliptera verticillata on fertility and different stages of gestation in female rats

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Ouabo Meguem ◽  
Landry Lienou Lienou ◽  
Marie Stéphanie Chekem Goka ◽  
Richard Simo Tagne ◽  
Didiane Mefokou Yemele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Parameters Analysis ◽  
Hepatic Proteins

Summary Dicliptera verticillata is a medicinal plant traditionally used in western Cameroon to cure female infertility. This experiment was designed to assess the effects of the aqueous extract of Dicliptera verticillata (AEDv) on fertility and gestation in female rats. Oral increasing doses of AEDv were administered to immature female rats over 20 d. After this time, some animals were mated with fertile males and some fertility parameters were assayed; the other animals were euthanized for preliminary toxicity parameters analysis. The effects of AEDv on the different stages of gestation were assayed on selected animals previously controlled for estrous cycle regularity and mated. AEDv led to an increase in serum, uterine and ovarian proteins as well as in ovarian and uterine weights (P < 0.05) in immature female rats. Hepatic proteins significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in high dose-treated animals (50 and 100 mg/kg) compared with controls. The number of implantation sites and the fertility rate were significantly lower (P < 0.05), while the antifertility activity increased significantly (P < 0.05) in treated rats compared with controls. When administered from the 1st to the 5th day of pregnancy, AEDv led to a decrease of more than 60% in the implantation rate in high dose-treated rats (50, 100, and 400 mg/kg). From the 6th to the 9th day, the implantation, gestation rates and the number of fetuses decreased significantly in all treated groups. From the 11th to the 20th day, a 50% resorption and decrease in gestation rate were reported in 50 mg/kg dose-treated animals. AEDv possesses weak contraceptive and abortifacient effects during pregnancy.

scholarly journals In Vivo Subacute Toxicity and Antidiabetic Effect of Aqueous Extract of Nigella sativa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karima Bensiameur-Touati ◽  
Ghouti Kacimi ◽  
El-Mehdi Haffaf ◽  
Sihem Berdja ◽  
Souhila Aouichat-Bouguerra
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Liver And Pancreas ◽  
Liver Tbars

Context. Nigella sativa seeds are usually used as traditional medicine for a wide range of therapeutic purposes. Objective. To investigate the subacute toxicity of NS aqueous extract and select its lowest dose to study its antidiabetic effect. Methods. 5 AqE.NS doses (2, 6.4, 21, 33, and 60 g/Kg) were daily administered to mice by gavage. Biochemical parameters measurements and histological study of the liver and the kidney were performed after 6 weeks of supplementation. Thereafter, and after inducing diabetes by alloxan, rats were treated by 2 g/Kg of AqE.NS during 8 weeks. Metabolic parameters were measured on sera. A horizontal electrophoresis of plasmatic lipoprotein was conducted. Glycogen, total lipids, and triglycerides were measured in the liver. TBARS were evaluated on adipose tissue, liver, and pancreas. Results. AqE.NS showed no variation in urea and albumin at the 5 doses, but hepatotoxicity from 21 g/Kg was confirmed by histopathological observations of the liver. In diabetic rats, AqE.NS significantly decreased glycemia, TG, T-cholesterol, LDL-c, and TBARS and showed a restored insulinemia and a significant increase in HDL-c. Results on the liver indicated a decrease in lipids and a possible glycogenogenesis. Conclusion. AqE.NS showed its safety at low doses and its evident antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant effect.

scholarly journals Antidiarrheal Activity of Dissotis multiflora (Sm) Triana (Melastomataceae) Leaf Extract in Wistar Rats and Subacute Toxicity Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alian Désiré Afagnigni ◽  
Maximilienne Ascension Nyegue ◽  
Chantal Florentine Ndoye Foe ◽  
Youchahou Njankouo Ndam ◽  
Frédéric Nico Njayou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

The present work was undertaken to evaluate antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Dissotis multiflora (Sm) Triana (D. multiflora) on Shigella flexneri-induced diarrhea in Wistar rats and its subacute toxicity. Diarrhea was induced by oral administration of 1.2 × 109 cells/mL S. flexneri to rats. Antidiarrheal activity was investigated in rats with the doses of 111.42 mg/kg, 222.84 mg/kg, and 445.68 mg/kg. The level of biochemical parameters was assessed and organs histology examined by 14 days’ subacute toxicity. S. flexneri stool load decreased significantly in dose-dependent manner. The level of ALT increased (p<0.05) in male rats treated with the dose of 445.68 mg/kg while creatinine level increased in rats treated with both doses. In female rats, a significant decrease (p<0.05) of the level of AST and creatinine was noted in rats treated with the dose of 222.84 mg/kg of D. multiflora. Histological exams of kidney and liver of treated rats showed architectural modifications at the dose of 445.68 mg/kg. This finding suggests that D. multiflora leaf extract is efficient against diarrhea caused by S. flexneri but the treatment with doses lower than 222.84 mg/kg is recommended while further study is required to define the exact efficient nontoxic dose.

scholarly journals Subchronic toxicity of aqueous extract of Alstonia boonei de wild. (apocynaceae) stem bark in normal rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnabé Lucien Nkono Ya Nkono ◽  
Selestin Dongmo Sokeng ◽  
Paul Désiré Dzeufiet Djomeni ◽  
Frida Longo ◽  
Pierre Kamtchouing
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Male ◽  
Control Female ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Dose Dependent

<p><strong>Methodology:</strong> Wistar rats were randomly assigned into eight groups of five animals each: four male groups and four female groups. Each sex group had a control group receiving distilled water and three test groups receiving 200, 500 and 1000mg/kg respectively. Animal’s body weights were recorded on the first day and once a week for the four experiment weeks. The hematological analysis included total WBC count, total RBC count, Hb, %HCT, MCV, MCH and MCHC. Biochemical/serum profile studies include TG, TC, ALT, AST, urea and TP. Tissue specimens of the liver, kidney and lung were subjected to histological examination using standard hematoxylin-eosin staining.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> In male rats, aqueous extract showed significant decreases in relative weight of liver with extreme significance P&lt;0.001 at a dose of 200mg/kg (vs. control group), P&lt;0.001 of lung at all the doses, P&lt;0.05 (200 and 500mg/kg) and P&lt;0.01 (1000mg/kg) in heart weight. In relative kidney weight, only the dose of 1000mg/kg showed a significant increase vs. normal control male rats. Unlike male rats, only relative kidney weight in female rats was significantly different from the control group in a dose-dependent manner. The aqueous extract treated male groups showed significant increases P&lt;0.001 (1000mg/kg) of total WBC count and MCHC, significant decreases of %HTC (dose response manner), P&lt;0.05 total RBC count (at doses of 500 and 1000mg/kg) and Hb P&lt;0.01 (500mg/kg) vs. normal male rats. In female rats, the haematological study showed significant increase P&lt;0.01 of total WBC count (at the doses of 500 and 1000mg/kg), significant decreases P&lt;0.05 and P&lt;0.01 of total RBC respectively at the doses of 200 and 1000mg/kg, significant decrease of Hb with extreme significance P&lt;0.001 at the dose 1000mg/kg, %HTC also decrease dose response manner vs. control female rats. Biochemical study showed in male rats significant decreases in level of TG P&lt;0.001 (at the doses of 200 and 500mg/kg) and urea, although it showed any dose-dependent effect vs. control male rats. AST also decreases (P&lt;0.05) in male rats at the dose of 200mg/kg but significantly increase P&lt;0.001 at the dose of 500mg/kg. In the female rats, biochemical study revealed significant increases in level of TG P&lt;0.001 and urea P&lt;0.01 at the dose of 200mg/kg and significant decreases in level of TG P&lt;0.01, AST P&lt;0.05 and urea P&lt;0.05 at the dose of 500mg/kg (vs. control female rats). Microscopically, there were mild hepatic and renal tissue injuries supporting the hematological analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results indicated that aqueous extract of <em>Alstonia boonei</em> De Wild is toxic in high doses.</p>

scholarly journals The effect of aqueous extract of the roots of Salep plants on the serum concentration of FSH and estrogen hormone in female rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
hossein Kargar jahromi ◽  
kavous solhjo ◽  
keramat allah solhjo ◽  
zahra Kargar jahromi ◽  
anahita ebrahimian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Female Rats
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document