scholarly journals Curau genetic diversity in germplasm banks and natural populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 347-353
Author(s):  
Alves Lameira Osmar ◽  
Aparecido Gimenes Marcos ◽  
Lobato Prado Neves Raphael ◽  
do Socorro Padilha de Oliveira Maria ◽  
de Miranda Rodrigues Simone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Germplasm Banks

scholarly journals Genetic diversity among natural populations of Mandevilla velutina

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Waléria Bertoni ◽  
Ana Valéria de Souza ◽  
Ronaldo Biondo ◽  
Suzelei de C França ◽  
Mariana PC Telles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Popular Medicine ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Snake Bites ◽  
Population Structuring ◽  
Germplasm Banks

Mandevilla velutina (Mart. Ex Stadelm) Woodson (Apocynaceae) is an endemic species in the Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), whose alcoholic extracts and root infusions are extensively used in the popular medicine to treat inflammatory diseases and against snake bites. Currently, this species has been pointed out as crucial in conservation programs. Therefore, studies on its genetic diversity, as well as the development of methodology for in vitro conservation in germplasm banks are imperative to avoid its extinction. The objective of this work was to investigate the intra- and inter-populational genetic variability of M. velutina to enhance the representativeness of germplasm banks. To this aim, we used RAPD molecular markers. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the intra-populational (81.25%) was higher than the inter-populational (18.75%) variability, which was confirmed by the Nei's Diversity Index. The PHIst (0.188) and qP (0.1586) values of genetic variation indicated high population structuring. There seems to be no direct correlation between geographic distances and genetic similarity among the three studied populations.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of macauba from natural populations of Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Léo Duc Haa Carson Schwartzhaupt da Conceição ◽  
Rosemar Antoniassi ◽  
Nilton Tadeu Vilela Junqueira ◽  
Marcelo Fideles Braga ◽  
Adelia Ferreira de Faria-Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Natural Populations

Genetic diversity of fringed brome (Bromus ciliatus) as determined by amplified fragment length polymorphism

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 1322-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Bi Fu ◽  
Bruce E. Coulman ◽  
Yasas S.N. Ferdinandez ◽  
Jacques Cayouette ◽  
Paul M. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Geographic Origins

Fringed brome ( Bromus ciliatus L.) is found in native stands throughout a large area of North America. Little is known about the genetic diversity of this species. The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique was applied to assess the genetic diversity of 16 fringed brome populations sampled in Canada from the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Quebec, and Saskatchewan. Four AFLP primer pairs were employed to screen 82 samples with four to six samples per population and 83 polymorphic AFLP bands scored for each sample. The frequencies of the scored bands in all assayed samples ranged from 0.01 to 0.99 and averaged 0.53. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 52.6% of the total AFLP variation resided among the 16 populations and 20.6% among the four provinces. The five Quebec populations appeared to be genetically the most diverse and distinct. The AFLP variability observed was significantly associated with the geographic origins of the fringed brome populations. These findings are useful for sampling fringed brome germplasm from natural populations for germplasm conservation and should facilitate the development of genetically diverse regional cultivars for habitat restoration and revegetation.

To what extent do microsatellite markers reflect genome-wide genetic diversity in natural populations?

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 3808-3817 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÜLO VÄLI ◽  
ANNIKA EINARSSON ◽  
LISETTE WAITS ◽  
HANS ELLEGREN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Population Genetics and Evolution Analysis Reveal Diversity and Origin of Ammopiptanthus in China.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guai-qiang Chai ◽  
Yizhong Duan ◽  
Peipei Jiao ◽  
Zhongyu Du ◽  
Furen Kang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Ammopiptanthus Nanus ◽  
Genome Wide

Abstract Background：Elucidating and revealing the population genetic structure, genetic diversity and recombination is essential for understanding the evolution and adaptation of species. Ammopiptanthus, which is an endangered survivor from the Tethys in the Tertiary Period, is the only evergreen broadleaf shrub grown in Northwest of China. However, little is known about its genetic diversity and underlying adaptation mechanisms. Results：Here, 111 Ammopiptanthus individuals collected from fifteen natural populations in estern China were analyzed by means of the specific locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq). Based on the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions and deletions (InDels) detected by SLAF-seq, genetic diversity and markers associated with climate and geographical distribution variables were identified. The results of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation revealed that all fifteen populations showed medium genetic diversity, with PIC values ranging from 0.1648 to 0.3081. AMOVA and Fst indicated that a low genetic differentiation existed among populations. Phylogenetic analysis showed that NX-BG and NMG-DQH of fifteen populations have the highest homology，while the genetic structure analysis revealed that these Ammopiptanthus germplasm accessions were structured primarily along the basis of their geographic collection, and that an extensive admixture occurred in each group. In addition, the genome-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) and principal component analysis showed that Ammopiptanthus nanus had a more diverse genomic background, and all genetic populations were clearly distinguished, although different degrees of introgression were detected in these groups. Conclusion：Our study could provide guidance to the future design of association studies and the systematic utilization and protection of the genetic variation characterizing the Ammopiptanthus.

scholarly journals Primer Binding Site (PBS) Profiling of Genetic Diversity of Natural Populations of Endemic Species Allium ledebourianum Schult.

BioTech ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Oxana Khapilina ◽  
Ainur Turzhanova ◽  
Alevtina Danilova ◽  
Asem Tumenbayeva ◽  
Vladislav Shevtsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Dna Profiling ◽  
Primer Binding Site ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Interspersed Repeats

Endemic species are especially vulnerable to biodiversity loss caused by isolation or habitat specificity, small population size, and anthropogenic factors. Endemic species biodiversity analysis has a critically important global value for the development of conservation strategies. The rare onion Allium ledebourianum is a narrow-lined endemic species, with natural populations located in the extreme climatic conditions of the Kazakh Altai. A. ledebourianum populations are decreasing everywhere due to anthropogenic impact, and therefore, this species requires preservation and protection. Conservation of this rare species is associated with monitoring studies to investigate the genetic diversity of natural populations. Fundamental components of eukaryote genome include multiple classes of interspersed repeats. Various PCR-based DNA fingerprinting methods are used to detect chromosomal changes related to recombination processes of these interspersed elements. These methods are based on interspersed repeat sequences and are an effective approach for assessing the biological diversity of plants and their variability. We applied DNA profiling approaches based on conservative sequences of interspersed repeats to assess the genetic diversity of natural A. ledebourianum populations located in the territory of Kazakhstan Altai. The analysis of natural A. ledebourianum populations, carried out using the DNA profiling approach, allowed the effective differentiation of the populations and assessment of their genetic diversity. We used conservative sequences of tRNA primer binding sites (PBS) of the long-terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons as PCR primers. Amplification using the three most effective PBS primers generated 628 PCR amplicons, with an average of 209 amplicons. The average polymorphism level varied from 34% to 40% for all studied samples. Resolution analysis of the PBS primers showed all of them to have high or medium polymorphism levels, which varied from 0.763 to 0.965. Results of the molecular analysis of variance showed that the general biodiversity of A. ledebourianum populations is due to interpopulation (67%) and intrapopulation (33%) differences. The revealed genetic diversity was higher in the most distant population of A. ledebourianum LD64, located on the Sarymsakty ridge of Southern Altai. This is the first genetic diversity study of the endemic species A. ledebourianum using DNA profiling approaches. This work allowed us to collect new genetic data on the structure of A. ledebourianum populations in the Altai for subsequent development of preservation strategies to enhance the reproduction of this relict species. The results will be useful for the conservation and exploitation of this species, serving as the basis for further studies of its evolution and ecology.

scholarly journals Causation without correlation: parasite-mediated frequency-dependent selection and infection prevalence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis M Lively ◽  
Julie Xu ◽  
Frida Ben-Ami
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Frequency Dependent Selection ◽  
Host Diversity ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Host Parasite

Parasite-mediated selection is thought to maintain host genetic diversity for resistance. We might thus expect to find a strong positive correlation between host genetic diversity and infection prevalence across natural populations. Here we used computer simulations to examine host-parasite coevolution in 20 simi-isolated clonal populations across a broad range of values for both parasite virulence and parasite fecundity. We found that the correlation between host genetic diversity and infection prevalence can be significantly positive for intermediate values of parasite virulence and fecundity. But the correlation can also be weak and statistically non-significant, even when parasite-mediated frequency-dependent selection is the sole force maintaining host diversity. Hence correlational analyses of field populations, while useful, might underestimate the role of parasites in maintaining host diversity.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and differentiation in reef-buildingMilleporaspecies, as revealed by cross-species amplification of fifteen novel microsatellite loci

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline E. Dubé ◽  
Serge Planes ◽  
Yuxiang Zhou ◽  
Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier ◽  
Emilie Boissin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
454 Sequencing ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Null Alleles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Linkage ◽  
Pacific Species

Quantifying the genetic diversity in natural populations is crucial to address ecological and evolutionary questions. Despite recent advances in whole-genome sequencing, microsatellite markers have remained one of the most powerful tools for a myriad of population genetic approaches. Here, we used the 454 sequencing technique to develop microsatellite loci in the fire coralMillepora platyphylla, an important reef-builder of Indo-Pacific reefs.We tested the cross-species amplification of these loci in five other species of the genusMilleporaand analysed its success in correlation with the genetic distances between species using mitochondrial 16S sequences. We succeeded in discovering fifteen microsatellite loci in our target speciesM. platyphylla,among which twelve were polymorphic with 2–13 alleles and a mean observed heterozygosity of 0.411. Cross-species amplification in the five otherMilleporaspecies revealed a high probability of amplification success (71%) and polymorphism (59%) of the loci. Our results show no evidence of decreased heterozygosity with increasing genetic distance. However, only one locus enabled measures of genetic diversity in the Caribbean speciesM. complanatadue to high proportions of null alleles for most of the microsatellites. This result indicates that our novel markers may only be useful for the Indo-Pacific species ofMillepora.Measures of genetic diversity revealed significant linkage disequilibrium, moderate levels of observed heterozygosity (0.323–0.496) and heterozygote deficiencies for the Indo-Pacific species. The accessibility to new polymorphic microsatellite markers for hydrozoanMilleporaspecies creates new opportunities for future research on processes driving the complexity of their colonisation success on many Indo-Pacific reefs.

scholarly journals Alive and kicking, or, living on borrowed time? – Microsatellite diversity in natural populations of the endangered Ulmus minor Mill. sensu latissimo from Croatia

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Zebec ◽  
Marilena Idžojtić ◽  
Zlatko Šatović ◽  
Igor Poljak ◽  
Zlatko Liber
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genetic Bottleneck ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Mediterranean Populations ◽  
Ulmus Minor ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Microsatellite Diversity

AbstractThe main objective of this research was to assess the genetic diversity of 5 natural field elm populations in Croatia. The study results suggest that the observed populations are characterized by a satisfactory amount of heterozygosity, and that the impact of the Dutch elm disease on the amount of genetic diversity in the sampled populations is currently negligible. However, one population displayed a significant excess of heterozygosity, implying a genetic bottleneck. The existence of a very clear genetic differentiation between the continental and the Mediterranean populations of Ulmus minor in Croatia was noticed.

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