Plasma lactate, insulin concentration and intestinal glycogen deposition responses to fructose infusion in male dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Oluwole Samuel Odeyemi ◽  
Mohammed Salman Toyin ◽  
Okon Umoh Idiongo ◽  
Abraham Taiwo Abayomi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Lactate ◽  
Glycogen Deposition

Adrenergic blockade prevents endotoxin-induced increases in glucose metabolism

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (5) ◽  
pp. E629-E635 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Hargrove ◽  
G. J. Bagby ◽  
C. H. Lang ◽  
J. J. Spitzer
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Plasma Lactate ◽  
Glucose Kinetics ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Plasma Lactate Concentration ◽  
Adrenergic Antagonists

Combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockade was used to investigate the role of catecholamines in endotoxin-induced elevations in glucose kinetics. Glucose kinetics were measured before and for 4 h after the injection of endotoxin [100 micrograms/100 g body wt iv, 30% lethal dose (LD30) at 24 h]. Adrenergic blockade was achieved by the bolus injection of phentolamine and propranolol followed by their continuous infusion. Endotoxin-treated rats exhibited a transient hyperglycemia and sustained (greater than 4 h) increase in plasma lactate concentration, as well as elevated rates of glucose appearance (Ra, 83%), disappearance (Rd, 58%), recycling (160%), and metabolic clearance (23%). Adrenergic blockade prevented endotoxin-induced increases in plasma glucose concentration, Ra, Rd, and recycling but not glucose clearance. The increase in plasma lactate concentration was blunted by 35%. After 2 h, endotoxic animals infused with adrenergic antagonists developed hypoglycemia, which may have resulted from an increased plasma insulin concentration. The attenuation of elevated glucose turnover by adrenergic blockade in the endotoxin-treated animals was not due to a reduction in plasma glucagon level or differences in plasma insulin concentration. Administration of the alpha- or beta-adrenergic antagonists separately blunted but did not prevent endotoxin-induced changes in glucose kinetics, and therefore the efficacy of the adrenergic blockade could not be assigned to a single receptor class. These results indicate that catecholamines are important contributory factors to many of the early alterations in carbohydrate metabolism observed during endotoxemia.

scholarly journals Triterpenoid-Rich Extract fromAntrodia camphorataImproves Physical Fatigue and Exercise Performance in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Chang Huang ◽  
Mei-Chich Hsu ◽  
Wen-Ching Huang ◽  
Huei-Ru Yang ◽  
Chia-Chung Hou
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Creatine Kinase Activity ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Plasma Lactate ◽  
Physical Fatigue ◽  
Antrodia Camphorata ◽  
Body Extract ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Swimming Endurance

Antrodia camphorata(AC) is an endemic mushroom that grows in Taiwan. We investigated the fatigue-alleviating effects of AC on endurance capacity in swim-exercised and weight-loading mice. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) strain mice from 3 groups (n=10per group in each test) were orally administered AC fruiting body extract for 7 days at 0, 50, and 200 mg/kg/day, designated vehicle, AC-50, and AC-200, respectively. Trend analysis revealed that AC treatments increased grip strength. AC dose-dependently increased swim time, blood glucose, and muscular and hepatic glycogen levels and dose-dependently decreased plasma lactate and ammonia levels and creatine kinase activity. The increase in swimming endurance with AC administration was caused by an increase in liver and muscle glycogen deposition.A. camphoratamay have potential for use in ergogenic and antifatigue activities.

Impact of Maternal Metabolic Parameters on Birth Weight and Cord Blood Insulin Concentration—Findings from the Born in Guangzhou Study

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1442-P
Author(s):  
JINGYA WANG ◽  
YASHU KUANG ◽  
MALCOLM J. PRICE ◽  
JINHUA LU ◽  
JIANRONG HE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Blood Insulin

229-LB: Plasma Lactate and Muscle Aerobic Substrate Oxidation: Does Elevated Lactate Precede Obesity?

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 229-LB
Author(s):  
NICHOLAS T. BROSKEY ◽  
TERRY E. JONES ◽  
ZHEN YANG ◽  
NKAUJYI KHANG ◽  
DONGHAI ZHENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Plasma Lactate ◽  
Elevated Lactate

Proinsulin and specific insulin concentration in high- and low-risk populations for NIDDM

Diabetes ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1490-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Haffner ◽  
R. R. Bowsher ◽  
L. Mykkanen ◽  
H. P. Hazuda ◽  
B. D. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Risk ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Specific Insulin

Insulin treatment, endogenous insulin concentration, and ECG abnormalities in diabetic Pima Indians. Cross-sectional and prospective analyses

Diabetes ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1141-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Z. Liu ◽  
W. C. Knowler ◽  
R. G. Nelson ◽  
M. F. Saad ◽  
M. A. Charles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Pima Indians ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
Ecg Abnormalities ◽  
Prospective Analyses

scholarly journals 146 Nutritional Advances in Fetal and neonatal development: effect of fatty acid supplementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 121-122
Author(s):  
Alejandro E Relling
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Epa And Dha ◽  
Offspring Growth

Abstract Data from a series of experiments demonstrates that maternal supply of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), during late gestation affects offspring growth. The increase in growth is independent on the fatty acid supplemented during the growing or finishing phase of the offspring; but it is sex dependent. Dam PUFA supplementation increases wether growth. Supplementation with EPA and DHA to pregnant ewes and to their offspring after weaning showed a treatment interaction in mRNA concentration of hypothalamic neuropeptides associated with dry matter intake (DMI) regulation. A dose increased in EPA and DHA in pregnant ewe diets shows a linear increase in growth, but a quadratic change in DMI or feed efficiency; growth was associated with a linear increase in plasma glucose concentration and a linear decrease in plasma ghrelin concentration. In lambs born from ewes supplemented with different sources of FA during a glucose tolerance test; males’ plasma insulin concentration increased as FA unsaturation degree increased in the dam diet, the opposite happened with females’ plasma insulin concentration. Recent data from our lab showed that the supplementation with EPA and DHA during the last third of gestation to pregnant ewes increased liver and small intestine global DNA methylation and small intestine transporters for amino acids in the fetus. Despite EPA and DHA during late gestation increase growth in the offspring; when EPA and DHA were supplemented in early gestation, offspring growth was lesser that lambs born from ewes supplemented a saturated and monounsaturated lipid. The reason for the difference in results it is not clear. However, more studies focusing in some aspect of the biology will help to understand what specific fatty acid needs to be supplemented at different stages of gestation to improve offspring growth.

scholarly journals Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Risk Factor of Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Adults

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Monika Michalek-Zrabkowska ◽  
Piotr Macek ◽  
Helena Martynowicz ◽  
Pawel Gac ◽  
Grzegorz Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Objective: The aim of this research was to assess the relationship between prevalence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and insulin resistance among patients with increased risk of OSA without diabetes mellitus. Method and materials: our study group involved 102 individuals with suspected OSA, mean age 53.02 ± 12.37 years. Data on medical history, medication usage, sleep habits, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness, were obtained using questionnaires. All patients underwent standardized full night polysomnography. Serum fasting insulin and glucose concentration were analyzed, the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index was calculated. Results: polysomnographic study indicated that in the group with OSA mean values of apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), duration of SpO2 < 90% and average desaturation drop were significantly higher compared to the group without OSA, while the minimum SpO2 was significantly lower. The carbohydrate metabolism parameters did not differ within those groups. Significantly higher fasting insulin concentration and HOMA-IR index were found in the group with AHI ≥ 15 compared to the group with AHI < 15 and in the group with AHI ≥ 30 compared to the group with AHI < 30. Higher AHI and ODI were independent risk factors for higher fasting insulin concentration and higher HOMA-IR index. Increased duration of SpO2 < 90% was an independent risk factor for higher fasting glucose concentration. Conclusions: Individuals with moderate to severe OSA without diabetes mellitus had a higher prevalence of insulin resistance.

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