scholarly journals Prevalence of Smear positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) and Associated Factors among PTB Suspects Attending Harar Tuberculosis Control Center, Harar, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mihiretie Hylemariam ◽  
Getacher Daniel ◽  
Araya Yaregal ◽  
Gemechu Diriba ◽  
Taye Eskedar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

scholarly journals Nutritional deficiency and associated factors among new pulmonary tuberculosis patients of Bale Zone Hospitals, Southeast Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedru Hussien ◽  
Mohammedaman Mama Hussen ◽  
Abdulwahhab Seid ◽  
Abduljewad Hussen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Nutritional Deficiency ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Tuberculosis Control Programme ◽  
Bale Zone

Abstract Objective Tuberculosis remains deadliest communicable diseases responsible for ill health among millions of people each year and is associated with malnutrition. Addressing nutritional deficiency in Tuberculosis patients is an important aspect of Tuberculosis control programme. Therefore, the aim was to assess the magnitude of nutritional deficiency and associated factors among new pulmonary tuberculosis patients of Bale Zone Hospitals, South-east Ethiopia, 2018. Cross-sectional study design was utilized. Data collection was carried out using structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Body mass index was calculated to determine nutritional deficiency. Crude and adjusted odds ratios together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed. P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare a result as statistically associated. Results Prevalence of nutritional deficiency was 63.2 %. The mean Body mass index for all enrolled participants was 17.86 kg/m2. Employment status of the patients, p-value 0.012 (AOR = 1.82; 95 % CI = 1.14, 2.89) and Khat chewing, p-value 0.02 (AOR = 0.43; 95 % CI = 0.23, 0.85) were factors independently associated with Nutritional Deficiency. Prevalence of Nutritional Deficiency was found to be high. Nutritional support for the needy, regular nutritional assessment and dietary counseling are necessary for better treatment outcome and effective Tuberculosis control programme.

scholarly journals Sex-related differences in smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Prevalence and associated factors

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245304
Author(s):  
Norfazilah Ahmad ◽  
Mazni Baharom ◽  
Azimatun Noor Aizuddin ◽  
Rohaya Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Male Patients

Smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is more infectious compared to smear-negative PTB and have great significance for epidemiology and infection control. The prevalence of smear-positive PTB rarely affects males and females equally. Hence, we aimed to identify the sex-related differences in the prevalence of smear-positive PTB and its associated factors in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Tuberculosis Information System (TBIS) from 1 January, 2015, to 31 December, 2019. The study population was selected using simple random sampling from the list of registered PTB patients in TBIS. The criteria for inclusion were all Malaysian adults aged ≥18 years residing in Kuala Lumpur and registered as PTB in TBIS. Factors associated with smear-positive PTB in male and female patients were determined using multiple logistic regression analysis. Overall prevalence of smear-positive PTB was 68.6%, and male patients predominated (71%). The male:female prevalence ratio of smear-positive PTB was 2.4:1. Male patients who worked as machine operators and elementary workers (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–4.02, p = 0.007), were self-employed (aOR 2.58, 95% CI 1.46–4.56, p = 0.001), lived in a residence categorized as ‘other’ (aOR 2.49, 95% CI 1.28–4.86, p = 0.007) and were smokers (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01–1.87, p = 0.045) had higher odds for smear-positive PTB. Meanwhile, female patients with diabetes mellitus had higher odds for smear-positive PTB (aOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.05–3.54, p = 0.035), while female patients who were healthcare workers had lower odds (aOR 0.33, 95% CI 0.12, 0.94, p = 0.039). The prevalence of smear-positive PTB is higher in males compared to females. The factors associated with smear-positive PTB differed based on sex. The current TB control program, especially on smear-positive PTB, should likely be strategized and stratified by sex.

scholarly journals Nutritional deficiency and associated factors among new pulmonary tuberculosis patients of Bale Zone Hospitals, Southeast Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedru Hussien ◽  
Mohammedaman Mama Hussen ◽  
Abdulwahhab Seid ◽  
Abduljewad Hussen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Nutritional Deficiency ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Tuberculosis Control Programme ◽  
Bale Zone

Abstract Objective Tuberculosis remains deadliest communicable diseases responsible for ill health among millions of people each year and is associated with malnutrition. Addressing nutritional deficiency in Tuberculosis patients is an important aspect of Tuberculosis control programme. Therefore, the aim was to assess the magnitude of nutritional deficiency and associated factors among new pulmonary tuberculosis patients of Bale Zone Hospitals, South-east Ethiopia, 2018. Cross-sectional study design was utilized. Data collection was carried out using structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Body mass index was calculated to determine nutritional deficiency. Crude and adjusted odds ratios together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed. P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare a result as statistically associated. Results Prevalence of nutritional deficiency was 63.2 %. The mean Body mass index for all enrolled participants was 17.86 kg/m2. Employment status of the patients, p-value 0.012 (AOR = 1.82; 95 % CI = 1.14, 2.89) and Khat chewing, p-value 0.02 (AOR = 0.43; 95 % CI = 0.23, 0.85) were factors independently associated with Nutritional Deficiency. Prevalence of Nutritional Deficiency was found to be high. Nutritional support for the needy, regular nutritional assessment and dietary counseling are necessary for better treatment outcome and effective Tuberculosis control programme.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Tuberculosis among Adult Household Contacts of Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Treated in Public Health Facilities of Haramaya District, Oromia Region, Eastern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abinet Adane ◽  
Melake Damena ◽  
Fitsum Weldegebreal ◽  
Hussein Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Haramaya District

Background. Tuberculosis is an infectious airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It still remains a major public health problem which affects all age groups. Risk of exposure is higher in household contact than members of the general population. Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of tuberculosis among adult household contacts of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Haramaya district, Oromia Region, Eastern Ethiopia from February to March, 2019. Method. A community based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A total of 454 study participants were selected using systematic sampling method from all adult household contacts of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients treated from July 2017 to December 2018. Data were collected using a pretested and structured questionnaire; and laboratory examination was processed using fluorescent smear microscope. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with the infection of pulmonary tuberculosis and a statistically significant association was declared at P-value < 0.05. Result. The overall prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among adult household contacts was 7.8% (95% CI: 5.8–10.0). The risk factors for tuberculosis infection among household contacts were eating meals less than three times per day (AOR = 4.31; 95% CI: 1.61, 11.55), drinking raw milk (AOR = 4.12; 95% CI: 1.43, 11.90), having family history of tuberculosis with more than one index case (AOR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.02, 6.92), living in poor ventilated houses (AOR = 4.02; 95% CI: 1.38, 11.76), and living in inadequate size of living room (AOR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.30, 8.86). Conclusion. In this study, the prevalence of tuberculosis among adult household contacts of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis is high. Eating meals less than three times per day, drinking raw milk, living in poor ventilated houses, and inadequate sizes of the rooms were identified as contributing factors. Therefore, we recommend that the transmission of tuberculosis can potentially be reduced by a better contact tracing and treatment strategies along with appropriate health education.

Cost-effectiveness of chemotherapy for sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric De Jonghe ◽  
Christopher J. L. Murray ◽  
H. J. Chum ◽  
D. S. Nyangulu ◽  
A. Salomao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

scholarly journals A simple, valid, numerical score for grading chest x-ray severity in adult smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis

Thorax ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 863-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Ralph ◽  
M. Ardian ◽  
A. Wiguna ◽  
G. P. Maguire ◽  
N. G. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Chest X Ray
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