scholarly journals Diet analysis of the African clawless otter (Aonyx capensis) in and around Lake Tana

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andarge Engedasew ◽  
Wube Tilaye ◽  
Balakrishnan Mundanthra
Keyword(s):  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Lake Tana

Using stomach contents for diet analysis of carnivores through DNA barcoding

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Santos ◽  
Carlos Fonseca ◽  
Tânia Barros ◽  
Raquel Godinho ◽  
Cristiane Bastos-Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Diet Analysis

The functionality and quality of nutrition-related mobile applications in China (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Jingmin Ding ◽  
Yishan Wang ◽  
Chengyao Tang ◽  
Puhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Food Record

BACKGROUND There are an increasing number of mobile applications that provide dietary guidance in supporting healthy lifestyle and disease management. However, the characteristics of these nutrition-related apps are not well analyzed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the functionality and quality of nutrition-related apps in China. METHODS Mobile apps providing dietary guidance were screened in Chinese iOS and android app stores using stepwise searching criteria in November 2017. Primary review was conducted by extracting information from the description of apps. Free apps that contain all the information of diet and nutrition, with the last update after 1st Jan 2016 were downloaded for further analysis on the nutritional functionality features based on the framework of Chinese Dietary Guidelines and on the market related features as well. The user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMARS) was used to assess the quality of apps. RESULTS Among the 44 downloaded nutrition-related apps screened from 628 apps with dietary guidance content, only 11(25%) were aimed exclusively for dietary guidance, the others were aimed for fitness guidance (17, 39%), disease management (11, 25%) and maternal health (5, 11%) respectively. The nutritional functionalities of the 44 apps included nutritional information enquiry (40, 91%), nutrition education (35, 80%), food record (34, 77%), diet analysis (34, 77%), and personalized recipes (21, 48%). Twelve out of 44 apps contained all of the above five nutrition related functionalities. The diet analysis and suggestions were mainly focused on energy (33/44, 75%), less on other factors like dietary structure (10/44, 23%). About 96% (42/44) of the apps provided social communication functionality and 59% (26/44) of the apps supported user incentives. Eight out of 44 apps (18%) also applied intelligent recognition technology. Using 5-point uMARS as scales of quality, the median scores of the 44 apps was 3.6 (IQR = 0.7). CONCLUSIONS Most nutrition-related apps are developed in the service of health management other than for dietary guidance exclusively. Although basic energy balance theory was generally applied, the nutritional functionality of the nutrition-related apps is relatively limited and not individualized. More efforts should be taken to integrate with the scientific nutritional knowledge and innovative technology in developing an app followed with complete and personalized dietary guidance.

scholarly journals Using next generation sequencing of alpine plants to improve fecal metabarcoding diet analysis for Dall’s sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly E. Williams ◽  
Damian M. Menning ◽  
Eric J. Wald ◽  
Sandra L. Talbot ◽  
Kumi L. Rattenbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Alpine Plants ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Reference Library ◽  
Ovis Dalli ◽  
Plant Animal Interactions ◽  
Dall’S Sheep ◽  
Northwestern North America

Abstract Objectives Dall’s sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) are important herbivores in the mountainous ecosystems of northwestern North America, and recent declines in some populations have sparked concern. Our aim was to improve capabilities for fecal metabarcoding diet analysis of Dall’s sheep and other herbivores by contributing new sequence data for arctic and alpine plants. This expanded reference library will provide critical reference sequence data that will facilitate metabarcoding diet analysis of Dall’s sheep and thus improve understanding of plant-animal interactions in a region undergoing rapid climate change. Data description We provide sequences for the chloroplast rbcL gene of 16 arctic-alpine vascular plant species that are known to comprise the diet of Dall’s sheep. These sequences contribute to a growing reference library that can be used in diet studies of arctic herbivores.

scholarly journals Surface and subsurface flow effect on permanent gully formation and upland erosion near Lake Tana in the northern highlands of Ethiopia

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2207-2217 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Y. Tebebu ◽  
A. Z. Abiy ◽  
A. D. Zegeye ◽  
H. E. Dahlke ◽  
Z. M. Easton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lake Tana ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Remotely Sensed Imagery ◽  
Reservoir Siltation ◽  
Upland Erosion ◽  
Elevated Water

Abstract. Gully formation in the Ethiopian Highlands has been identified as a major source of sediment in water bodies, and results in sever land degradation. Loss of soil from gully erosion reduces agricultural productivity and grazing land availability, and is one of the major causes of reservoir siltation in the Nile Basin. This study was conducted in the 523 ha Debre-Mawi watershed south of Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, where gullies are actively forming in the landscape. Historic gully development in a section of the Debre-Mawi watershed was estimated with semi structured farmer interviews, remotely sensed imagery, and measurements of current gully volumes. Gully formation was assessed by instrumenting the gully and surrounding area to measure water table levels and soil physical properties. Gully formation began in the late 1980's following the removal of indigenous vegetation, leading to an increase in surface and subsurface runoff from the hillsides. A comparison of the gully area, estimated from a 0.58 m resolution QuickBird image, with the current gully area mapped with a GPS, indicated that the total eroded area of the gully increased from 0.65 ha in 2005 to 1.0 ha in 2007 and 1.43 ha in 2008. The gully erosion rate, calculated from cross-sectional transect measurements, between 2007 and 2008 was 530 t ha−1 yr−1 in the 17.4 ha area contributing to the gully, equivalent to over 4 cm soil loss over the contributing area. As a comparison, we also measured rill and interrill erosion rates in a nearby section of the watershed, gully erosion rates were approximately 20 times the measured rill and interrill rates. Depths to the water table measured with piezometers showed that in the actively eroding sections of the gully the water table was above the gully bottom and, in stable gully sections the water table was below the gully bottom during the rainy season. The elevated water table appears to facilitate the slumping of gully walls, which causes the gully to widen and to migrate up the hillside.

Trematodes (Plathelminthes) of Clarias gariepinus (Pisces: Clariidae) in Lake Tana, Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Zhokhov ◽  
D. A. Morozova ◽  
M. N. Pugacheva
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Lake Tana

Late Pleistocene and Holocene drought events at Lake Tana, the source of the Blue Nile

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Marshall ◽  
Henry F. Lamb ◽  
Dei Huws ◽  
Sarah J. Davies ◽  
Richard Bates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Lake Tana ◽  
Blue Nile

Detecting predation of a burrow-nesting seabird by two introduced predators, using stable isotopes, dietary analysis and experimental removals

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant A. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Passerine Birds ◽  
Dietary Analysis ◽  
Stable Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
Ship Rat ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
Burrowing Seabirds

Burrowing seabirds are vulnerable to extirpation by introduced predators such as rats, but much evidence of predation is circumstantial. On Taukihepa, an island off southern New Zealand, two possible predators exist with sooty shearwaters (Puffinus griseus): the weka (Gallirallus australis), a large rail, and the ship rat (Rattus rattus), both introduced to the island. It was expected that chick predation would be principally by weka, the much larger of the two predators. To measure losses of sooty shearwater chicks to weka or rats, nests were monitored with burrow-scopes at six sites in the summers of 2003–04 and 2004–05. In three of the sites rats were removed on 4-ha grids by trapping. In the other three sites rats were not trapped. In addition, weka were removed from all six sites in 2005. Concurrent diet analysis of weka and rat stomachs was undertaken as well as stable isotopic analysis (δ13C, δ15N) of samples from rats and weka. These were compared with possible prey items including sooty shearwaters. Additional stable isotope samples were taken from Pacific rats (Rattus exulans), a small rat species present with weka and sooty shearwaters on nearby Moginui Island. Weka diet comprised ~40% of bird remains by volume and calculations using Isosource, an isotopic source portioning model, estimated sooty shearwaters contributed 59% (range: 15–71%) of weka diet during the sooty shearwater chick-raising period. Ship rats, in contrast, had very depleted δ13C isotope signatures compared with sooty shearwaters and bird remains contributed <9% of diet by volume, with Isosource calculations suggesting that ship rats consumed more passerine birds (mean: 30%; range 5–51%) than sooty shearwaters (mean 24%; range: 0–44%). In both summers, more chicks were lost on sites from which rats had been removed than on control sites. When weka were removed in 2005, fewer chicks were lost than in 2004 and significantly fewer weka-killed chicks were found on weka-removal sites than on non-removal sites. Weka were the principal predator of sooty shearwater chicks, depredating an estimated 9.9% of nests. Combining several techniques quantified the loss and identified the principal predator of a seabird in decline.

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