scholarly journals Ecology and field biology of the sorghum chafer, Pachnoda interrupta (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Ethiopia

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmare Dejen
Keyword(s):  
Field Biology ◽  
Pachnoda Interrupta ◽  
Sorghum Chafer

scholarly journals Pheromone-based Mating and Aggregation in the Sorghum Chafer, Pachnoda interrupta

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 768-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas M. Bengtsson ◽  
Satya Prabhakar Chinta ◽  
Yitbarek Wolde-Hawariat ◽  
Merid Negash ◽  
Emiru Seyoum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pachnoda Interrupta ◽  
Sorghum Chafer

Metarhizium sp. isolated from dead Pachnoda interrupta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) as a potential entomopathogenic fungus for the pest insect: proof-of-concept for autodissemination

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merid N. Getahun ◽  
Tibebe D. Biasazin ◽  
Yitbarek Wolde-Hawariat ◽  
Jonas M. Bengtsson ◽  
Ylva Hillbur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Sustainable Pest Management ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Pachnoda Interrupta ◽  
Sorghum Chafer

Sustainable pest management requires the use of ecosystem-friendly control options (e.g. entomopathogens) coupled with target-specific application methods. Here we investigate the susceptibility of the sorghum chafer (Pachnoda interrupta, Olivier) toMetarhiziumsp., isolated from deadP. interruptaunder field conditions over several years. Target-specific trapping was achieved using Japanese beetle traps or locally made autoinoculation devices, with methyl salicylate or banana as an attractant. Of the attracted and infected beetles, 49% mortality was achieved during October 2005 and 71% during July 2006, while the corresponding mortality in control treatments was 13 and 5%, respectively. We further confirmed that the mortality of the beetles was due to the fungal treatment as 50 and 80% of the dead beetles showed mycosis, respectively. The performance of the pathogen was also investigated in an autodissemination device in 2008 and 2009, where the beetles that were attracted passed through an inoculation chamber. Of the attracted and infected beetles in the autodissemination device, 58.5% (October) and 90.9% (July) were dead within 15 days after treatment. Control mortality was only 3 and 2%, respectively. The potential for horizontal transmission was investigated, where 47% (October) and 59% (July) of the beetles exposed to the pathogen through horizontal transmission were killed. The pathogen was found to be viable for more than 3 days in the field. Our results show thatMetarhiziumsp. has potential as a biological control agent, and for achieving autodissemination using the target pest as the vector.

scholarly journals Field Level Auto-inoculation of Sorghum chafer, Pachnoda interrupta (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaedae) with Metarhizium anisopliae based Microbial Bio-control Agents using Locally Affordable Traps

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Belay Habtegebreiel ◽  
Emana Getu ◽  
Mohamed Dawd ◽  
Emiru Seyoum ◽  
Getnet Atenafu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Pachnoda Interrupta ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Sorghum Chafer

Sorghum chafer,<em>Pachnoda interrupta</em>, is the most serious pest of sorghum in Ethiopia destroying the entire fields at the milk stage and causing up to 100% yield loss. Current control methods entirely depend on direct spraying and baiting with insecticides which does not provide long lasting control. Efficient biological control agents such as entomopathogenic fungi that can control the pest in the breeding sites need to be developed. Traps equipped with auto-inoculation devices are important alternative methods to spread entomopathogens into insect pest populations. Field studies on fungal auto-inoculation trap development from locally available materials conducted over three feeding and two mating seasons of <em>P. interrupta</em> resulted in two efficient auto-inoculation traps (AIT1 and AIT2) baited with a five compounds blend lure which were not significantly different in catch performance with the standard Japanese beetle trap.  Two selected virulent isolates of <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em> (PPRC51 and PPRC2) were tested for field efficacy using these two designs of locally affordable auto-inoculation traps loaded with 1gm of dry conidia. Using AIT1, PPRC51 and PPRC2 induced 41% and 40% field mortality respectively, on <em>P. interrupta</em> adults under high temperature and low relative humidity conditions, while highest field viability of the two isolates five days after application was 36 % and 40 % for PPRC51 and PPRC2, respectively. Based on the catch performance, field efficacy and viability data observed, the two AIT’s are recommended for further development to be used with PPRC51 and PPRC2 for augmentation biological control in the pest’s natural habitat as a component of integrated pest management against <em>P. interrupta</em>

Behavioural and electrophysiological response of sorghum chafer Pachnoda interrupta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to plant compounds

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yitbarek Wolde-Hawariat ◽  
Emiru Seyoum ◽  
Bekele Jembere ◽  
Merid Negash ◽  
Bill S. Hansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrophysiological Response ◽  
Pachnoda Interrupta ◽  
Sorghum Chafer ◽  
Plant Compounds

Emergence of New Potential Insect Pests of Date Palm: Could Climate Change Be the Reason?

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
Hamadttu A. F. El-Shafie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
South American ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
The Family ◽  
American Palm ◽  
Sorghum Chafer

Four insect species were reported as new potential pests of date palm in recent years. They are sorghum chafer (Pachnoda interrupta), the rose chafer (Potosia opaca), the sericine chafer beetle (Maladera insanablis), and the South American palm borer (Pysandisia archon). The first three species belong to the order Coleoptera and the family Scarabaeidae, while the fourth species is a lepidopteran of the family Castniidae. The injury as well as the economic damage caused by the four species on date palm need to be quantified. Due to climate change and anthropogenic activities, the date palm pest complex is expected to change in the future. To the author's knowledge, this article provides the first report of sorghum chafer as a pest damaging date palm fruit.

Recent advances in transgenic arthropod technology

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Field Biology ◽  
Field Release ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Foreign Genes ◽  
Considerable Work

AbstractThe ability to insert foreign genes into arthropod genomes has led to a diverse set of potential applications for transgenic arthropods, many of which are designed to advance public health or improve agricultural production. New techniques for expressing foreign genes in arthropods have now been successfully used in at least 18 different genera. However, advances in field biology are lagging far behind those in the laboratory, and considerable work is needed before deployment in nature can be a reality. A mechanism to drive the gene of interest though a natural population must be developed and thoroughly evaluated before any field release, but progress in this area has been limited. Likewise, serious consideration of potential risks associated with deployment in nature has been lacking. This review gives an overview of the most promising techniques for expressing foreign genes in arthropods, considers the potential risks associated with their deployment, and highlights the areas of research that are most urgently needed for the field to advance out of the laboratory and into practice.

Ecology and field biology

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-159
Author(s):  
E.D.
Keyword(s):  
Field Biology
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