Mesenchymal stem cells and acquisition of a bone phenotype: An ion channel overview

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla C. Aveline
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Bone Phenotype

scholarly journals Magnetic ion channel activation of TREK1 in human mesenchymal stem cells using nanoparticles promotes osteogenesis in surrounding cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 204173141880869 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R Henstock ◽  
Michael Rotherham ◽  
Alicia J El Haj
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Channel Activation ◽  
Magnetic Ion

Magnetic ion channel activation technology uses superparamagnetic nanoparticles conjugated with targeting antibodies to apply mechanical force directly to stretch-activated ion channels on the cell surface, stimulating mechanotransduction and downstream processes. This technique has been reported to promote differentiation towards musculoskeletal cell types and enhance mineralisation. Previous studies have shown how mesenchymal stem cells injected into a pre-mineralised environment such as a foetal chick epiphysis, results in large-scale osteogenesis at the target site. However, the relative contributions of stem cells and surrounding host tissue has not been resolved, that is, are the mesenchymal stem cells solely responsible for the observed mineralisation or do mechanically stimulated mesenchymal stem cells also promote a host-tissue mineralisation response? To address this, we established a novel two-dimensional co-culture assay, which indicated that magnetic ion channel activation stimulation of human mesenchymal stem cells does not significantly promote migration but does enhance collagen deposition and mineralisation in the surrounding cells. We conclude that one of the important functions of injected human mesenchymal stem cells is to release biological factors (e.g., cytokines and microvesicles) which guide the surrounding tissue response, and that remote control of this signalling process using magnetic ion channel activation technology may be a useful way to both drive and regulate tissue regeneration and healing.

Functional ion channels in mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (5) ◽  
pp. C1561-C1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Tao ◽  
Chu-Pak Lau ◽  
Hung-Fat Tse ◽  
Gui-Rong Li
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Mscs ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Western Immunoblotting ◽  
Immunoblotting Analysis ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used as a cell source for cardiomyoplasty; however, the cellular electrophysiological properties are not fully understood. The present study was to investigate the functional ionic channels in undifferentiated mouse bone marrow MSCs using whole cell patch-voltage clamp technique, RT-PCR, and Western immunoblotting analysis. We found that three types of ionic currents were present in mouse MSCs, including a Ca2+-activated K+ current ( IKCa), an inwardly rectifying K+ current ( IKir), and a chloride current ( ICl). IKir was inhibited by Ba2+, and IKCa was activated by the Ca2+ ionophore A-23187 and inhibited by the intermediate-conductance IKCa channel blocker clotrimazole. ICl was activated by hyposmotic (0.8 T) conditions and inhibited by the chloride channel blockers DIDS and NPPB. The corresponding ion channel genes and proteins, KCa3.1 for IKCa, Kir2.1 for IKir, and Clcn3 for ICl, were confirmed by RT-PCR and Western immunoblotting analysis in mouse MSCs. These results demonstrate that three types of functional ion channel currents (i.e., IKir, IKCa, and ICl) are present in mouse bone marrow MSCs.

scholarly journals Impaired redox environment modulates cardiogenic and ion-channel gene expression in cardiac-resident and non-resident mesenchymal stem cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 242 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baskar Subramani ◽  
Sellamuthu Subbannagounder ◽  
Chithra Ramanathanpullai ◽  
Sekar Palanivel ◽  
Rajesh Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Redox Imbalance ◽  
Channel Gene ◽  
Ion Channel Gene

Redox homeostasis plays a crucial role in the regulation of self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. However, the behavioral actions of mesenchymal stem cells in redox imbalance state remain elusive. In the present study, the effect of redox imbalance that was induced by either hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or ascorbic acid on human cardiac-resident (hC-MSCs) and non-resident (umbilical cord) mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) was evaluated. Both cells were sensitive and responsive when exposed to either H2O2 or ascorbic acid at a concentration of 400 µmol/L. Ascorbic acid pre-treated cells remarkably ameliorated the reactive oxygen species level when treated with H2O2. The endogenous antioxidative enzyme gene (Sod1, Sod2, TRXR1 and Gpx1) expressions were escalated in both MSCs in response to reactive oxygen species elevation. In contrast, ascorbic acid pre-treated hUC-MSCs attenuated considerable anti-oxidative gene (TRXR1 and Gpx1) expressions, but not the hC-MSCs. Similarly, the cardiogenic gene (Nkx 2.5, Gata4, Mlc2a and β-MHC) and ion-channel gene ( IKDR, IKCa, Ito and INa.TTX) expressions were significantly increased in both MSCs on the oxidative state. On the contrary, reduced environment could not alter the ion-channel gene expression and negatively regulated the cardiogenic gene expressions except for troponin-1 in both cells. In conclusion, redox imbalance potently alters the cardiac-resident and non-resident MSCs stemness, cardiogenic, and ion-channel gene expressions. In comparison with cardiac-resident MSC, non-resident umbilical cord-MSC has great potential to tolerate the redox imbalance and positively respond to cardiac regeneration. Impact statement Human mesenchymal stem cells (h-MSCs) are highly promising candidates for tissue repair in cardiovascular diseases. However, the retention of cells in the infarcted area has been a major challenge due to its poor viability and/or low survival rate after transplantation. The regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) repudiate and enter into premature senescence via oxidative stress. Thus, various strategies have been attempted to improve the MSC survival in ‘toxic’ conditions. Similarly, we investigated the response of cardiac resident MSC (hC-MSCs) and non-resident MSCs against the oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Supplementation of ascorbic acid (AA) into MSCs culture profoundly rescued the stem cells from oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Our data showed that the pre-treatment of AA is able to inhibit the cell death and thus preserving the viability and differentiation potential of MSCs.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Adipose Accelerate the Progression of Colon Cancer by Inducing a MT-CAFs Phenotype via TRPC3/NF-KB Axis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunling Xue ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
Xuechun Li ◽  
Mingjia Zhang ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Channel Protein

Abstract Background: There is increasing evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) help shape the tumor microenvironment and promote tumor progression, and ion channels might play a critical role in this process. Methods: Gene chip was used for a general analysis of gene expression changes in MSC-transformed CAF cells (MT-CAFs). We screened out the ion channel protein TRPC3 with WB detecion and lentivirus knockdown. Calcium influx was detected by two-photon microscope. MTS and Transwell detected growth, migration, and invasion of MT-CAFs and HCT116 cells. Bioinformatic tools and clinical specimens were to assess the relationship between TRPC3 and surrvival.Results: We screened out the ion channel protein TRPC3 with significantly increased expression, which caused calcium influx, and further activated the NF-KB signaling pathway. Knockdown or inhibition of TRPC3 in MSCs significantly reduced the activation of NF-KB, and decreased the growth, migration, and invasion of MT-CAFs. After TRPC3 knockdown, the ability of MT- CAFs to promote tumor migration and invasion was impaired. Conversely, the upregulation of TRPC3 expression in MT-CAFs had the opposite effect. In vivo, TRPC3 expressed on MSCs also contributed to the tumorigenesis and progression of cancer cells. In addition, the Oncomine and GEPIA databases showed that TRPC3 expression is higher in colon cancer tissue compared with normal colon tissues, and is positively correlated with the expression of the CAF genes alpha-smooth muscle (α-SMA/ACTA2) and fibroblast activation protein Alpha (FAP). The disease-free survival of patients with positive TRPC3 expression in mesenchymal cells was significantly shorter than in those with negative expression. Conclusions: These results indicate that TRPC3 expressed on MT-CAFs plays a critical role in tumor progression via the NF-KB signaling pathway, and is correlated with poor prognosis in colon cancer patients. Therefore, TRPC3 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of colon cancer.

Proliferation and multi-differentiation potentials of human mesenchymal stem cells on thermoresponsive PDMS surfaces grafted with PNIPAAm

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongyan Shi ◽  
Dan Ma ◽  
Feiqing Dong ◽  
Chen Zong ◽  
Liyue Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

1417: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alone or Modified with ENOS Restore Erectile Function in the Aged Rat: Cell-Based Gene Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 373-373
Author(s):  
Trinity J. Bivalacqua ◽  
Mustafa F. Usta ◽  
Hunter C. Champion ◽  
Weiwen Deng ◽  
Philip J. Kadowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Aged Rat

Placenta mesenchymal stem cells on a chorion scaffold as a potential osteogenic graft for peripartal bone regeneration

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mohr ◽  
BC Portmann-Lanz ◽  
A Schoeberlein ◽  
R Sager ◽  
DV Surbek
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration
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